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01 June 2022, Volume 1 Issue 6
    

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  • Identification Index Screening and Comprehensive Evaluation for Alkali Tolerance of Common Bean Variety Resources in Seedling Stage
    SU Yi，FENG Guojun，LIU Dajun，YANG Xiaoxu，YAN Zhishan，LIU Chang
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 16-24.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Saline-alkali stress is one of the important factors restricting common bean industry
    development．Screening identification index for alkali tolerance of common bean in seedling stage has
    great importance in breeding alkali-tolerant common bean varieties and promoting common bean cultivation
    in saline-alkali land．This experiment took 35 common bean varieties as test materials，simulated 60
    mmol · L-1 NaHCO3 solution as alkali stress，and treated common bean seedlings．Ten indicators including net
    photosynthetic rate，intercellular CO2 concentration，stomatal conductance，malondialdehyde content，plant
    height，root length，and dry/fresh weight of the above-ground part and underground part were measured，
    respectively．The identification indicators for alkali tolerance of common bean in seedling stage were screened
    by principal component analysis，and alkali tolerance of common bean in seedling stage was comprehensively
    evaluated by fuzzy membership function and clustering analysis．The results showed that alkali stress could
    significantly inhibit the growth of common bean seeldings．Eight indicators including root length，dry/
    fresh weight of the above-ground part，dry/fresh weight of the underground part，net photosynthetic rate，
    intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance could be used as main indicators for rapid identifying
    alkali tolerance of common bean in seedling stage．These 35 varieties were divided into 5 types with different
    alkali resistance through sorting the comprehensive evaluation value（D value）and clustering analysis．
    ‘Fenguan’was alkali-resitant variety．4 varieties such as‘14-4-1-3’ were relative alkali-tolerant varieties．
    13 varieties such as‘Chiyu No.21’were medium alkali-tolerant varieties．16 varieties such as‘44-1-1’were
    relative alkali-sensitive varieties．‘Tailaibaitiao’was alkali-sensitive variety．
  • Identification and Evaluation of Garlic Germplasm Resources and Screening of Excellent Germplasm
    QI Chuandong，ZHOU Jie，FU Jiaping，WU Fanghua，LI hui，WU Jinping，GUO Fengling
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 25-32.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In order to identify and evaluate garlic germplasm resources in Hubei region and screen garlic
    germplasm with excellent comprehensive performance，this experiment conducted analysis and evaluation
    on agronomic characters，yields and partial nutritional indexes of 81 local garlic resources in Hubei Province
    and 19 germplasm resources introduced from abroad and within China．The results showed that the variable
    coefficient of 23 quantitative characters in different garlic growth stages was 9.466%-52.619%，and diversity
    index of 13 quality characters was between 0-1.079．On the basis of comprehensively analyzing various
    character indexes，we screened 6 excellent garlic resources suitable for garlic sprouts production in southern
    areas，including‘Pengzhoudasuan No.1’‘Eryuezao’‘12-7D-917 tuodudasuan’‘Pengzhoudasuan
    No.2’‘Ershuizao’‘Pin 11’；5 superior garlic resources suitable for garlic bolt production
    including‘Pengzhoudasuan No.1’‘Eryuezao’‘Pengzhoudasuan No.2’‘Ershuizao’‘Fangxiandasuan’；
    and 8 high quality garlic resources suitable for garlic head production including‘Wufenghongsuan’‘Nanzhangda
    suan’‘Laosuan’‘14-7DS tuodudasuan’‘Liuyuesuan’‘Baihesuan’‘Wufengzipisuan’‘Mosangbike No.3’．
    Besides，we further screened 1 garlic resource with higher VC content，namely‘Wufenghongsuan’and 2
    garlic resources resources with higher excellent allicin content including‘Nanzhangdasuan’and‘Eryuezao’．
  • Screening of Microbial Consortium Capable of Degrading Cucumber Plant Straw and Exploration of Its Growth Promotion Effect
    LI Xin，ZHANG Xu，LA Shikai，XIE Yingfei，CHEN Shijun，GAO Lihong，TIAN Yongqiang
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 33-43.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In-situ incorporation of vegetable plant straw returning to fields can effectively avoid
    resource waste and environment pollution，but there is short of microbial consortium（MC）capable
    of degrading cucumber plant straw in actual production．Moreover，MC influence on crop growth is
    undefined．Taking cucumber plant straw as test material，this experiment screened high-efficient MC capable
    of degrading cucumber plant straw by special non-carbon culture medium and explored the efficacy of MC for
    cucumber growth promotion．The results showed that the degradation rate of cucumber plant straw by MC
    reached as high as 80.7%，and their degradation rates of cellulose，hemicellulose and lignin were 78.8%，
    74.7% and 49.4%，respectively．The highest cellulase activity（0.110 4 IU）appeared on the 9 days after
    treatment．The dominant communities in MC included 8 phyla and 12 genera．They could utilize 23 kinds
    carbon source substances out of 31 kinds carbon source．33 single strains were isolated from MC，among
    which 15 strains had the capacity of degrading cellulose．Results of seed and seedling tests showed that MC
    could efficiently promote the growth of cucumber seed seedlings and seedlings when OD600 of MC reached
    0.4．Taken together，the screened MC could not only effectively degrade cucumber plant straw，but also
    promote the growth of cucumber ．
  • Effects of the Formed Applying Organic Substrate Planting-board in Greenhouse Cultivation of Lettuce
    MAO Xin，YUAN Wenfei，ZHANG Yi，LI Yaling，WEN Xiangzhen,HOU Leiping,BAI Longqiang，LI Yansu
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 44-49.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The formed organic substrate planting-board（OSP）cultivation is carried out by using
    larger size planting-board with planting holes produced by pressing agricultural organic waste substrates．
    Those planting-boards were lined up in greenhouses by robotic arm for vegetable production．This model is
    suitable for mechanized vegetables cultivation．In order to seek the effects of OSP model on growth，yield
    and quality of vegetables，this paper took lettuce as test material；conducted cultivation experiment on OSP
    （decomposed sheep manure∶pea straw = 2 V∶1 V），taking conventional soil cultivation as the contrast．
    The results showed that the growth vigor of lettuce grown in OSP was obviously stronger than that in soil
    cultivation．And root vitality，chlorophyll content，net photosynthetic rate，single plant fresh weight
    above ground and total N，P and K accumulation were obviously increased than those in soil cultivation，
    amplification was 34.85%，10.42%，14.98%，101.00%，98.16%，69.96%，78.48%，respectively．The
    contents of VC，soluble protein，soluble sugar in edible parts were obviously increased than those in soil
    cultivation．While nitrate nitrogen content was significantly reduced，indicating OSP cultivation model could
    satisfy demand for vegetable growth and development，and at the same time adapting to mechanized operation．
  • Studies on Regulating and Controlling Excessive Growth of Cucumber Seedlings  by CCC Applying Method and Irrigation Water Temperature
    SANG Jiajun，JI Yanhai，LIU Mingchi，WU Zhanhui，WANG Liping，WANG Suna
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 50-55.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Taking‘Jingyan 118’cucumber as test material，this experiment set 3 irrigation water
    temperatures（10 ℃，15 ℃ and 22 ℃）and 2 CCC applying methods（foliage spray and along with water
    irrigation）；studied the effects of irrigation water temperature and CCC applying method on cucumber seedling
    growth，strong seedling index and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaves；and explored the technology
    for regulating and controlling excessive growth of cucumber seedlings．The results showed that treatments
    with different CCC applying method and irrigation water temperature all could significantly reduce the plant
    height of cucumber seedlings．The strong seedling index in along with water irrigation treatments were
    higher than that of foliage spraying treatments．Under the same CCC applying method，reducing irrigation
    water temperature could inhibit cucumber seedlings excessive growth to certain degree．But it would reduce
    the SPAD value of leaves，and cause some damage to them．In a comprehensive analysis，the treatment
    combining 200 mg · L-1 CCC concentration，along with water irrigation， and 22 ℃ irrigation water temperature
    can effectively inhibit the excessive growth of cucumber seedlings，and achieve the best strong seedling
    effect．This is a suitable regulating and controlling measure for strong cucumber seedlings．
  • Isolation and Identification of Three Strains of Pathogen Causing Konjac Stem Rot and Studies on Pathogenicity
    ZHAO Xingli，HE Shengling，LIU Sirui，LUO Linli，ZHOU Luona，FAN Shijie，ZHOU Yufeng
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 56-63.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Konjac stem rot caused by Fusarium spp. is one of the important soil-borne diseases during
    konjac cultivation．In order to clarify the pathogens causing konjac stem rot，this experiment collected several
    konjac sickened plant samples from Xingyi City，Guizhou Province in 2019；carried out isolation on these
    samples by tissue separation method；identified the isolates by using morphological identification method
    combined with molecular method based on rDNA-ITS and tef sequences；then proceeded pathogenicity test
    according to Koch’s Postulates．The results showed that 3 strains of Fusarium pure culture were obtained
    through tissue separation method．They were belonged to 2 different species，i.e.，F. oxysporum and F. solani
    by identification．Further pathogenicity analysis showed that F. oxysporum xymy-8 had no pathogericity，
    F. solani xymy-7 and xymy-9 were both pathogenic，and their pathogenicity was different．Among them，
    xymy-7 had stronger pathogenicity than xymy-9．The experimental results had provided theoretical basis for
    precise prevention and control of konjac stem rot．
  • Inhibitory Effect of Biocontrol Streptomyces sp. Strain PBSH9 on Potato Common Scab and Optimization of Its Metabolites Cultivation Condition
    WANG Liwei，WAN Zhongyi，SONG Yadi，XIU Zhijun，YU Shicheng，DU Meie，ZHANG Xiaoyu
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 64-71.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This study explored the inhibitory effects of biocontrol Streptomyces sp. PBSH9 on potato
    common scab caused by Streptomyces galilaeus（PS1） by plate confrontation method，and optimized the
    cultivation conditions of strain PBSH9 by using single factor experiment．The results indicated that PBSH9
    had stronger inhibiting effect on PS1．After 3 generations’subculture，its inhibiting effects on PS1 were not
    weakened．And the inhibition ratios were all over 70%．PBSH9 metabolites could also inhibit PS1 growth，
    and the inhibition rate was 75.21%．PBSH9 and PBSH9 metabolites could lead to cross-linking between
    hypha，fracture， aerial hypha shorten，bending to straightened，inflation becoming thicker，spore being
    out of shape，sporulation quantity going down．The results of PBSH9 cultivation condition optimization
    experiment indicated that put in 7 mL seed solution of biocontrol Streptomyces sp. PBSH9 in each 100 mL of
    liquid Gao’s No.1 medium，with 7 pH value，and under 28 ℃ constant temperature cultivation for 9 days，the
    inhibiting effect of PBSH9 metabolite was the best．The dimeter of inhibitory zone was 23.67 mm．
  • Studies on Rootstock and Scion Age Suitable for Mechanized Amplexiform of Watermelon
    LIANG Huan，LI Aicheng，WANG Dehuan，ZHU Juhong，GE Mihong，ZHOU Mobing，SHIXianfeng
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 72-78.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Taking watermelon variety‘Zaojia 84-24’ as scion and pumpkin variety‘Zhenzhuang’
    as rootstock，this paper studied the effects of different scion or rootstock age on growth and development
    of watermelon seedlings grafted by machine．The results showed that the ages of scion and rootstock would
    significantly affect the quality and root regeneration of grafted seedlings．Besides，the main factor affecting
    the survival rate，lateral root number，root length and root volume of grafted seedling，etc. was the age of
    rootstock seedling．And the main factor affecting the leaf health index was the age of scion seedling．While，
    the absolute growth rate of the new leaves was jointly affected by the ages of rootstock and scion seedlings，
    but there was no significant correlation．The age of rootstock seedling suitable for mechanized amplexiform
    determined by comprehensive evaluation of satisfaction was 16 days，namely：the size of first real-leaf being
    a coin size，stem diameter being 3.20 ± 0.16 mm．The age of scion seedling was 16-19 days，namely： from
    first true-leaf appeared to one leaf and one-core period，and stem diameter being 2.76 ± 0.23 mm．
  • Effect of Pumpkin Rootstock on Growth and Cadmium Accumulation Characteristics of Grafted Cucumber Seedlings
    YANG Helian，ZHANG Yuguang，GUO Weili，CHEN Bihua，LI Xinzheng，ZHOU Junguo
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 79-83.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In order to select and breed cadmium-tolerant pumpkin rootstock germplasm resources，this
    experiment grafted different pumpkin rootstocks with cucumber‘Jinyun 301’under cadmium stress；and
    analyzed the growth and cadmium accumulation characteristics of grafted cucumber seedlings with different
    rootstocks．The results showed that under cadmium stress，taking‘Gezhen No.1’as rootstock， the survival
    rate of grafted cucumber seedling was the highest， reaching 92.86%．The dry and fresh weight of root，stem
    and leaf，root system activity，POD and APX activities of leaves were all significantly higher than those of
    cucumber self-rooted seedlings．The root cadmium content was the highest and cadmium transfer coefficient
    was the lowest．In conclusion，under cadmium stress taking‘ Gezhen No.1’ as rootstock to graft cucumber are
    beneficial to cucumber growth and can reduce the damage of cadmium to plant upper part．Therefore，‘Gezhen
    No.1’can be used as a good cadmium-tolerant rootstock for extension and application．
  • Screening of Highly Effective Pesticides Against Polyphagotarsonemus latus
    TIAN Tian，ZHANG Youjun，WANG Shaoli
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 84-88.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The broad mite，Polyphagotarsonemus latus（Banks） is an important spider mite in agriculture
    causing serious regional damage．Chemical pesticide application is a major measure to control this mite．
    But，currently there are very few pesticides registered against P. latus in China．In order to screen and obtain
    chemical pesticides highly effective in controlling P. latus，this experiment conducted indoor efficacy evaluation
    of 14 common pesticides/acaricides at routine recommended doses on this mite．The results showed that
    abamectin，chlorfenapyr and bifenthrin had high fast-acting effect against P. latus．The pesticide effect could
    reach over 85% 1 day after pesticide treatment，significantly higher than that of the other testing pesticides．
    3 days after treatment，the efficacies of abamectin，bifenthrin and pyridaben were higher over 90%．7 days
    after treatment，the pesticide effects of abamectin，bifenthrin and pyridaben reached high up to 100.00%．The
    pesticide effects of chlorfenapyr，spinetoram，cyflumetofen，b-azolemiteacrylic，cyenopyrafen，etoxazole，
    fluazinam and bifenazate · etoxazole were all over 90%，showing favorable persistance．In conclusion，
    abamectin，bifenthrin，pyridaben and chlorfenapyr have high prevention and control effict on P. latus，and
    excellent fast-acting and persistent effect．They could be used coordinately or alternatively with the above
    mentioned fine persistent pesticides for chemical prevention and control of P. latus in fields．
  • Economic Evaluation on High-Efficiency Ecological Farming Technology of Lotus Root-Crayfish
    WU Man，WANG Junqin，ZONG Yixiang，ZHAO Banghong
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 89-95.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In order to reveal the necessity and feasibility of promoting“lotus root-crayfish”highefficiency
    ecological farming technology，this experiment adopted expert interview，typical investigation，
    paired comparison and trial calculation analysis，etc. research methods to construct technical and economic
    effect measurement indicators，and conduct economic evaluation on this technology from 3 aspects，
    including economic benefit，ecological benefit and social benefit．The results showed that in 2019，the total
    cost per 667 m2 of“lotus root-crayfish”high-efficiency ecological farming technology increased 409.67
    RMB than that of single lotus root planting pattern．The rate of increase reached 9.84%．The output value
    increased by 4 713.71 RMB．The increase rate was 85.21%．When the price of crayfish is lower than 23.40
    RMB · kg-1，the net profit of lotus root-crayfish high-efficiency ecological farming technology is less than
    that of planting lotus root alone．It was suitable to plant lotus root alone．In addition，this technology had
    a significant effect of reducing chemical fertilizer application，thus pushing industry the green development
    forward，broadening distribution channels for product and effectively reducing business risk．
  • A New Cherry Tomato F1 Hybrid —‘Yuekeda 201’
    LI Yanhong，NIE Jun，TAN Delong，XIE Yuming，SHI Liangliang，ZHANG Changyuan，ZHENG Jinrong
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 96-98.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Yuekeda 201’is a new cherry tomato F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘ct53-
    10’as female parent and inbred line‘ct29-8’as male parent．It is of infinite growth type，and is semirampancy．
    The plant has strong growth vigor and takes inflorescence as the principal．The matured fruit is red
    in color and immature fruit has green shoulder．The fruit is of tall round shape．Its pulp is thick with crisp and
    sweet taste．The soluble solids content is 9.10%，VC content is 650.0 mg · kg-1，lycopene content is 21.06
    mg · kg-1．Its successive fruit setting ability is strong．The single fruit weight is about 16 g．It can yield about
    60 t · hm-2．It is highly resistant to Fusarium wilt and resistant to ToMV，CMV and root-knot nematodes．It is
    suitable for open and protected fields cultivation in Guangdong areas．
  • A New Pod Pepper F1 Hybrid —‘Dingdinghong No.5’
    ZHANG Bing，MAO Dan，SHEN Bingtao，QI Weiqiang，LIANG Fangfang
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 99-101.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Dingdinghong No.5’is a new pod pepper F1 hybrid of fascicled type derived from crossing
    inbred line‘D1-8’as female parent and inbred line‘SK2-6’as male parent．It is of early maturity．
    Its growth period is about 170 days．The plant is about 80 cm in height．The first flower sets on the 10-11th
    nodes．Its fruit is of short fingered，and fruit top is obtuse-angled．The fruit peel is smooth．The fruit is
    about 7 cm in length，and about 0.8 cm in width．The ripe fruit is green in color，and old ripe fruit is red
    in color．Its taste is strong spicy．The total contents of capsaicin and VC were 2.36 g · kg-1 and 1 430 mg ·
    kg-1，respectively．Its fruit setting ability is strong．Each single plant can bear about 16 fruits．The single
    fruit weight is about 4 g．It can yield about 22.5 t · hm-2 fresh pepper，which is easily dried．In fields，its
    resistance to virus disease，epidemic disease and anthrax is stronger than that of the contrast‘Sanyingjiao
    No.8’．It is suitable for open field cultivation in early spring in Henan and surrounding areas or intercropping
    cultivation of wheat-pepper．
  • A New Colorful Potato Variety —‘Kencaishu No.2’
    YANG Sheng，ZHANG Guizhi，JIN Guanghui，JIANG Lili，TAI Lianmei
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 102-104.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Kencaishu No.2’is a new colorful potato variety of fresh food type developed by
    crossing‘2008-15’as female parent and‘MD04-72’as male parent through sexual hybridization and
    systematic selection．It is of mid-late maturity．Its growth period is about 103 days．The plant has strong
    growth potential and is about 50 cm in height．The plant is of semi-erect type．The branches are in medium
    quantity，and tubers are concentrated．The tuber is of oval shape with rose red peel and rose red pulp．Its
    bud eye is of medium depth．The contents of anthocyanin is 1 623.7 mg · kg-1．The contents of dry matter，
    starch，crude protein，reducing sugar and VC are 15.40%，7.4%，1.52%，0.16% and 118.0 mg · kg-1，
    respectively．Each single plant can bear 3-5 potatoes．The average single potato weight is 153.2 g．The
    medium and large potato rate（＞ 75 g）is 76.31%．Its yield is about 22.5 t · hm-2．It is resistant to PVX，
    PVY，and late blight．It is suitable for spring planting in Heilongjiang Province．
  • A New Tetraploid Ginger Variety —‘Jinfeng No.1’
    WU Jinping，ZHOU Jie，QI Chuandong，FU Jiaping，GUO Fengling
    China Vegetables. 2022, 1(6): 105-107.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Jinfeng No.1’is a new tetraploid ginger variety bred by somatic chromosome doubling
    from‘Fengtoujiang’in Laifeng County，Huhei Province．This variety is of dense seedling type，and
    takes about 210 days from sowing to harvesting．Its plant has strong growth vigor．During proper time of
    harvesting，the plant is about 130 cm in height．Its branching ability is also strong．The branching numbers
    per plant are about 20．The tender ginger is of bulb shape and in large size．It is about 25 cm in length，
    about 15 cm in width．The ginger is yellow in color and crisp and tender，with aromatic flavor．The crude
    fiber content is 1.00%．The gingerol content is 6.76 g · kg-1．The soluble sugar content is 6.31%．The single
    rootstock weight is 790-850 g．This variety can yield 60.0-67.5 t · hm-2．In fields，its resistance to ginger
    blast，leaf blight and stalk rot is stronger than that of the contrast‘Fengtoujiang’．It is suitable for planting in
    Hubei Province and surrounding areas．
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