YAN Zishuang, ZHAO Jingwen, LI Zhiguo, LI Zongxu, YANG Ye, LI Kai, CHEN Hua, SONG Mengyuan, YU Lili
To address the issue of short cultivation distances in north-south ridge orientation for tomato production in solar greenhouses,which is not conducive to mechanized operations,a comparative experiment was conducted in a solar greenhouse in Fangshan,Beijing．The experiment compared north-south and east-west ridge orientations for overwintering tomato cultivation,with the premise that east-west ridge orientation allows for mechanized operations．Four cultivation modes were designed：CK（north-south ridge orientation,row spacing of 40 cm,plant spacing of 40 cm）,T1（east-west ridge orientation,row spacing of 40 cm,plant spacing of 35 cm）,T2（east-west ridge orientation,row spacing of 40 cm,plant spacing of 37 cm）,and T3（east-west ridge orientation,row spacing of 40 cm,plant spacing of 40 cm）,with planting densities of 2 381,2 539,2 402,and 2 222 plants per 667 m2,respectively．The results showed that when the tomato planting density was close to 2 400 plants per 667 m2,there were no significant differences in plant height,stem diameter,single fruit weight,number of fruits per plant,yield per plant,and yield per 667 m2 between the east-west ridge orientation（T2）and the north-south ridge orientation（CK）at 37,44,and 51 days after planting．Within the planting density range of 2 222 to 2 539 plants per 667 m2,there were no significant differences in single fruit weight,yield per plant,and yield per 667 m2 among the east-west ridge orientation treatments（T1,T2,T3）,although there was an upward trend with increasing planting density．When the planting density in the east-west ridge orientation was 2 539 plants per 667 m2（T1）,plant height,stem diameter,maximum leaf area,and number of leaves showed a decreasing trend compared to other treatments．Therefore,the east-west ridge orientation cultivation mode can be adopted for overwintering tomato production in solar greenhouses,ensuring both yield and mechanized production．
