Abstract：In order to clarify the quality characteristics of screw pepper，the fl avor quality related indexes（types and contents of capsaicinoids，volatile compounds，etc）and some other quality indexes of smoothskinned pepper‘Sujiao No.9’（S9，as control）and 9 varieties of screw pepper fruits（green ripening stage） were determined，and comprehensive evaluation was conducted using membership function and principal component analysis（PCA）methods．The results showed that the capsaicinoids content of screw pepper varied，with the spiciness level of 7-8．A total of 222 volatile compounds were detected in 10 varieties of pepper，among which screw peppers were 28-62 more than smooth-skinned pepper（S9）and the average content was 55.19% higher．The main aroma types of screw pepper were green，floral and aldehydic，and the aroma-active compounds such as hexanal，（E）-2-Hexenal，octanal and 1-Octen-3-ol might be the key compounds to form the unique flavor of screw pepper．In addition，compared with smooth-skinned pepper S9，the fruit hardness of screw peppers were 36.44%-47.97% lower，and the vitamin C content were 17.09%-
95.47% higher．The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the fruit quality score ranking of screw pepper was higher than that of smooth-skinned pepper（S9）．Overall，screw pepper has the advantages of low hardness，high vitamin C content，rich volatile compounds and intense fl avor，and the fruit quality is better than smooth-skinned pepper．

China is the world’s largest producer of vegetables，with vegetables being the primary export category of Chinese agricultural products，accounting for 16.157% of agricultural exports in 2022．In the context of the RCEP agreement’s signing and implementation，it is highly significant to explore the status and potential of China’s vegetable trade with its partners to deepen the positive eff ects of exports and enhance the international competitiveness of Chinese vegetables．The study utilizes panel data of China’s vegetable export trade to RCEP partners from 2006 to 2022，constructs a stochastic frontier gravity model and a trade inefficiency model，empirically analyzes China’s trade efficiency and its influencing factors with respect to RCEP partners，and measures the export potential of each country．The results indicate that the economic level，population size，economic disparity，vegetable yields，and trade environment of China and RCEP partners significantly impact vegetable exports．The rule of law，economic institutional environment，and infrastructure level of RCEP partners positively infl uence the effi ciency of vegetable exports．However，the level of integrity in export destinations and improvements in government effi ciency，conversely，negatively aff ect trade effi ciency．The average effi ciency of China’s vegetable exports to RCEP partners over the years is 0.667，though there are signifi cant diff erences among the countries within the RCEP partnership．China should continue to enhance the quality of its vegetable exports，expedite the implementation of the RCEP agreement，and further expand the depth and breadth of its cooperation with RCEP partners to reduce trade resistance and promote the continued growth of vegetable export volumes.

Abstract：In 2024，the general market prices of vegetables predominantly adhered to the typical pattern of annual seasonal fluctuations．Nevertheless，during the summer-autumn periods，the prices tended to operate at relatively elevated levels．Owing to the impact of unfavorable weather conditions and their sustained eff ects，it is anticipated that the upward trajectory of vegetable prices in the current winter and the forthcoming spring will be less steep compared to previous years，with a potentially longer duration of the price-increasing cycle．Taking into account the fact that the overall vegetable prices were on the higher side in 2024 and the acreage under cultivation has increased year-on-year，it is projected that the overall supply of vegetables in the spring of 2025 will be ensured．

Abstract：In order to establish a practical quality evaluation system for fresh edible cucumber，this study took 31 cucumber varieties collected from 3 ecological types as test materials，carried out fl avor sensory index evaluation，and combined with nutritional quality index，comprehensive evaluation was carried out by principal component analysis method．The results showed that：among the North China type cucumber varieties，the flavor sensory evaluation of‘Shuyancuiyu’was the best，the comprehensive score was 30.83；among the South China cucumber varieties，‘Tangshan autumn cucumber’ flavor sensory evaluation was the best，the comprehensive score was 30.50；among the European greenhouse cucumber varieties，‘Lvyuanxingfu’flavor had the best sensory evaluation，with a comprehensive score of 30.65．Five principal components were obtained by principal component analysis，covering 77.612% of the original information．The comprehensive scores of 31 cucumber varieties were obtained by establishing a comprehensive quality evaluation model F =0.315F1 + 0.265F2 + 0.163F3 + 0.145F4 + 0.112F5．The South China cucumber variety‘ Tiantianzhai’，the North China cucumber variety‘ Shuyancuiyu’，and the European greenhouse cucumber variety‘ Thumb fruit cucumber’，scored the highest among their respective ecological types，which can be used as diff erent types of fresh cucumber varieties for selection and application．The results of this study provided theoretical basis and technical support for variety selection and quality evaluation of fresh cucumber．

‘Baibeibei’is an early-maturing mini pumpkin F₁ hybrid by crossing inbred line ‘P3012’ as female parent and ‘P3072’ as male parent．The fruit development period is about 40 days，and the whole growth period is about 95 days in spring and 90 days in autumn．The plant exhibits strong growth potential，with dark green leaves and distinctive white silver spots near the leaf veins．The main vine produces an average of 5 to 6 fruits per plant．The fruit is of oblate，with average transverse diameter of 9.0 cm and longitudinal diameter of 6.4 cm．It features a medium-sized umbilicus，1.5 cm thick flesh and aver age single fruit weight of 250.0 g．The peel is white with shallow furrows．The flesh is milky yellow，powdery，glutinous and sweet taste．It is goo d quality，with the total sugar content is 7.5%，and the soluble solid content is 16.8%．It has good storage ability，and stronger resistance to downy mildew and gray mold t o the contrast ‘Jugua ’in fields．The yield is about 24 t · hm^-2．It is suitable for spring and autumn protected cultivation in most areas of China．

The overall market situation for potatoes in China in 2024 is sluggish,with the monthly wholesale average price of potatoes consistently lower than the same period in 2023.The annual price of potatoes in 2024 is in the low position of the past decade.It is expected that the potato market price will remain lower than the same period in 2024 in the early part of 2025,and the potato market price will increase year-on-year in the later part.At present,the potato industry in China still faces problems such as increasingly serious soil borne diseases,weak international competitiveness of potato starch,and urgent need to improve order fulfillment rates．It is recommended that all regions strengthen the prevention and control of soil borne diseases,support the development of potato processing industry,improve the mechanism of interest linkage between enterprises and farmers,and promote the high-quality development of China’s potato industry．

‘Jingyanyutian 156’is a new fruit cucumber F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘LB1817’as maternal parent and‘MSR-1’as paternal parent．The plant has strong growth vigor and belongs to gynoecious type．The fruits primarily set on the main stem．It is of early maturity．Its fruit is about 13 cm in length with short cylindrical shape，greenish-white peel，no wart and inconspicuous small black spines．Its fruit fl esh is light green，sweet and crispy with faint scent．The soluble solid content of fruit flesh is 4.2%，and VC content is 96.2 mg·kg-1．It is resistant to downy mildew，powdery mildew，and mid-resistant to cucumber mosaic virus（CMV）．It is tolerant to low temperature and weak light．The high yield in overwinter greenhouse cultivation can reach 165 t·hm-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in overwinter greenhouses and under spring protected fi elds in areas of Northern China．

In order to develop a seedling substrate mainly composed of decomposed rice husks，based on the determination of the physicochemical properties of single substrates such as decomposed rice husks，11 kinds of seedling formulas composed of decomposed rice husks were preliminarily determined according to the substrate physicochemical property model．The fruit vegetable seedling（tomato）and leaf vegetable seedling（lettuce）were used as test materials to further screen and determine the substrate formula suitable for the growth of vegetable seedlings．The results showed that the EC value and bulk density of decomposed rice husk were suitable，but the water holding pore was small，which was not suitable as a seedling substrate material alone．The composite desirability values of 11 substrate formulations predicted by the model were（0.91-0.98），which were all within the range of suitable indicators of seedling substrate，and the relative error between the measured values of physical and chemical properties of 11 substrate formulations and the predicted values of the model was small，ranging from 3.23% to 9.63%．The decomposed rice husk after mixing could meet the growth needs of vegetable seedling stage. Among them，the mixed substrate of decomposed rice husk∶vermiculite∶perlite with（6∶2∶2）had the best growth effect on tomato and lettuce，and the strong seedling index increased by 82.76% and 21.39% compared with that of the control，respectively，and the plant grows robustly．The prediction model of physical and chemical properties of substrate was feasible for the development of substrate．

In recent years，China’s facility vegetable industry has developed rapidly．Application of modern agricultural technologies including facilities construction，water-saving irrigation，water-fertilizer integration，light and simplified cultivation，green prevention and control，etc．has promoted the healthy and rapid development of facility vegetable industry．However，the overall level of facility vegetables is still not high．There existed problems as poor facilities，low degree of mechanization，low utilization rate of production materials，backward cultivation and management technology，and insufficient intelligent application，etc．China’s facility vegetable development should focus on development of facility vegetable’s germplasm resources，optimization of facility structure and equipment’s modernization，intellectualization of environment regulation，greenization of plant diseases and insect pestscontrol，modernization of production management，optimization and diversification of facility vegetables，multi-format integration and high efficiency，and expansion of facility vegetable space，etc．directions；so as to promote high-quality development of China’s facility vegetable industry．

Abstract：‘Huangti No.1’is a new yellow-flesh small-fruit watermelon F₁ hybrid，which developed by crossing inbred line‘Tianyi 2054’as female parent and‘Huangti 1804’as male parent．The plants exhibit moderate growth vigor．It is of early-maturing，with total growth period of about 107 days and fruit development period of about 35 days in spring facility cultivation．The fruit shape is nearly round，with light green rind and sharp-toothed stripes．The flesh color is light yellow，tender and juicy taste，with central soluble solids content of 12.1% and edge soluble solids content of 8.5%．The single fruit weight is about 3.2 kg， and the yield is about 45 t · hm-2．It is resistance to Fusarium wilt，and moderate resistance to anthracnose．It is suitable for cultivation in Zhejiang，Shanghai，Jiangsu under spring greenhouse conditions．

From 2022 to the first half of 2023，vegetable mechanization of China had ushered in new development opportunities. The development of vegetable mechanization had attracted widespread attention，and shown an overall accelerated development trend. This article summarized the new breakthroughs of vegetable mechanization technology in the research and development of equipment for key links such as vegetable transplanting and harvesting，the innovation of typical vegetable mechanization models，and the exploration of intelligent technology for vegetable production. It also outlined the new progress of vegetable mechanization in demonstration and promotion，integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy，and practical application. However，there is still a big gap between the development of vegetable mechanization and the high-quality development of the vegetable industry. To this end，it is recommended to accelerate the development of vegetable mechanization from four levels：integrated guiding goals，integrated integration measures，integrated complete sets of equipment，and integrated service entities.

In order to select tomato varieties with excellent quality and suitable for consumer demand，15 palatable tomato varieties were used as materials to determine the relevant indexes of fruit commercial quality and nutritional quality，and the comprehensive quality of each variety was evaluated and compared by using the method of the affiliation function，correlation analysis of genetic variations，principal component analysis and cluster analysis．The results showed that there were large differences in quality and taste among the varieties；genetic variation and correlation analysis showed that quality traits such as soluble sugar content，sugar-acid ratio，total phenolic content and tomato taste were closely related；the results obtained by using principal component analysis had a high degree of similarity with those obtained by manual tasting evaluation and analysis by the subordinate function method，and three varieties with better overall quality were selected by combining the subordinate function method and the principal component analysis method P124，P190 and P209，with high taste evaluation scores，high nutrient contents of lycopene，VC，flavonoids and total phenols，high soluble sugar content and suitable sugar-acid ratio，good taste and rich flavor，and good promotion value．

Vegetable is an important part of the ‘Vegetable Basket Project’．In 2023，the market price of vegetables basically conformed to the regularity of seasonal fluctuations throughout the year，with running at a high level，and the decline in vegetable prices in summer was not obvious as usual years．Affected by several cold-air outbreaks and compensatory rising factors，it is expected that the price of vegetables in winter and spring will rise significantly compared with previous years，and may remain high for a period of time after the Spring Festival．Considering that the overall price of vegetables in 2023 is high，the area in the field has increased than 2022，the supply of shelf-stable vegetables such as cabbage and radish exceeds demand，the vegetables in the northern facilities and the vegetables of ‘southern vegetables-northern transportation’ are on the market steadily，and the cold-air outbreak in some producing areas has been affected but the possibility of resuming supply is high，and it is expected that the supply of vegetables in the spring of 2024 will be generally guaranteed．Overall，in the context of loose total vegetable supply and optimal structure，it is recommended to accelerate the development of characteristic vegetables，optimize the layout of facility vegetables，promote green transformation，stabilize the supply chain，upgrade the industrial chain，and give full play to the important role of the vegetable industry in promoting rural revitalization．

In the context of building a trade power,this paper integrates multi-platform data such as the National Bureau of Statistics,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,and China Customs．Based on the current situation of import and export trade,this paper explores the main factors influencing China's international vegetable trade from the aspects of emergencies,export tariffs,green barriers and extreme weather．Policy suggestions for expanding export trade are put forward from four aspects,namely,the optimization of vegetable varieties,the construction and layout of export bases,breakthroughs and innovations in technological bottlenecks,and the overall planning of both domestic and international markets as well as two kinds of resources.

In order to thoroughly grasp the strategic position of China’s pepper industry in global market；study and judge the development trend of pepper industry；and crack the problems existing in industry，this paper analyzed the development situation and new trend facing the pepper industry by systematic and continuous on-site research and data retrieval，from the aspects of industry scale，international trade，price information，planting benefit and technical innovation．The results showed when the industrialization level of pepper was rapidly improving and consumer group was rapidly expanding，problems of unstable planting profit，impacting international market，and continuous rising of planting cost were needed by strong support in the following aspects of industrial policy，fine varieties promotion and improvement of mechanization level etc．

Aiming at the lack of stable and highly polymorphic SNP markers of peppers，KASP markers were designed at a spacing of 20 cM according to the correspondence between the high-density genetic map and the physical map of peppers，and a total of 234 pairs of KASP primers were designed．F2 isolated population screening was used to obtain 159 pairs of primers with polymorphism，and the success rate of labeling design was 67.9%．Using a group of 207 peppers from 14 introduction sites，the polymorphism and stability of primers were verified for high-throughput system transformation and labeling．The polymorphism of 141 selected markers was detected by high-throughput genotyping system，of which 130 KASP markers were successfully typed，with a success rate of 92%，and the number of markers with polymorphism in pepper materials varied from 24-129，and the corresponding polymorphism site percentage range was 18.46%-99.23%．A set of KASP markers containing 130 pepper KASP markers was developed and evenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes of peppers，and through the typing of 14 domestic pepper varieties from the source of introduction，it was proved that this set of marker polymorphisms is highly polymorphic and universal，and is suitable for high-throughput genotyping of pepper varieties.

Abstract：The watermelon industry in Laos developed by relying on Chinese production technologyand Chinese market，is a representative of agricultural cooperation between China and ASEAN under ‘theBelt and Road’ background．The climate of Laos is conducive to watermelon cultivation in early spring．Itcan better fill the supply gap of early spring watermelon in China．The total cost of watermelon production inLaos is about 18 000-39 000 yuan · hm-2 lower than those in similar climate areas in China，such as Hainan．The opening of China-Laos railway also reduces the cost of transporting watermelon in Laos，and shorten thetransportation time．At the same time，watermelon production in Laos has backward cultivation technique andthere are fewer melon industrial parks．With the influx of resources from China，including talents，superiorvarieties，good law and fund，and‘the Belt and Road’channel construction continuous to develop to the Zhongxialiao Plain area．A perfect watermelon industry chain will be established to promote the developmentof watermelon industry in Laos．

This study analyzed the current fertilization status and fertilization effects on major leafy vegetables in China based on literature. The rates of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium recommendation and the fertilization effects including the relative yield，the yield increase，the yield increase rate，the yield response，and agronomic efficiency of nutrients were discussed. The limiting factors affecting leafy vegetable yield are mainly nitrogen，followed by potassium，and then phosphorus. Recommended fertilization in leafy vegetables reduced the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer，increased the amount of potassium fertilizer，while increased the yield compared to conventional fertilization used by farmers. Therefore，suitable fertilizer recommendation method for leafy vegetables is an effective way to save fertilizer and improve efficiency.

China has become the second largest producer of sweet corn．According to driving factors and limiting factors for sweet corn industry development，combined with official data and market comprehensive analysis，the prediction for sweet corn cultivated area in China will increase to 383 000 hm² in 2026．The average annual growth rate（CAGR） will be 2.5%．In future，the planting ratio of high value sweet corn variety will gradually increase．According to market changing tendency，this paper classified the requirement details of varietal characters and cultivation characters by different market segments．This paper also put forward strategy and suggestions countering major problems and bottlenecks faced by development of sweet corn industry．

Abstract：Strawberry is a popular fruit with high economic value．Its unique fruity aroma is closelyrelated to its contained volatile organic compounds（VOCs）．Fruit aroma quality plays a vital role in evaluatingstrawberry’s edible value and commodity value．Recently，fruit aroma quality has become a research hot-spotin the field of strawberry industry．This paper reviewed the research progress made in the following aspects，including components of strawberry fruit aromatic substances；factors influencing fruit aroma（variety，fruitmaturity grade，cultivation method）；changes of aromatic substances during storage and processing；andmolecular regulation mechanism formed by the aroma of strawberry，etc.，hoping to provide references forstrawberry aroma breeding．

Abstract：In the past 10 years，planting areas and outputs of vegetable in China have increased year byyear．Consumer demand also has risen significantly．The aggregate supply and total demand are basically inbalance，and market operation is generally stable．The operation of vegetable market has 5 characteristics，including seasonal fluctuation and origin conversion，etc．In 2023，vegetable market production and sales inChina are flourishing．The market price is running at a high level．The whole year average wholesale priceall over China for 28 kinds of vegetable，key monitored by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is thehighest during the past 10 years．Looking forward to 2024，vegetable aggregate supply and total demand arebasically balanced with a slight balance．The vegetable market is mainly confronted with 5 risk points：climatechange，planting intention，production and marketing connection，etc． It is suggested that in future，theconstruction of‘ vegetable basket’，marketing at vegetable production areas，balanced listing，monitoring andearly warning，policies support，should be further strengthened，so as to strive for realizing a stable supplyand price and high quality development of the vegetable industry．

In order to explore the effects of different plant growth regulators on seedling growth of green onion at seedling stage，the research evaluated the effects of three plant growth regulators（cynanchon，naphthylacetic acid and uniconazole）on the growth of green onion at seedling stage．The results showed that spraying three plant growth regulators could significantly increase the number of roots，stem diameter，seedling strength index and root shoot ratio of green onion seedlings．The plant height of the green onion seedlings treated with cynanchon and uniconazole was significantly decreased，while the plant height of the green onion seedlings treated with naphthylacetic acid was increased．The chlorophyll content and dry weight of the green onion seedlings treated with cynanchon and naphthylacetic acid were increased，while the dry weights of leaves and pseudostems treated with different concentrations of uniconazole were decreased by 7.56%-31.59% and 27.95%-47.33%，respectively，compared to the control at 35 days after treatment．Considering the morphological indexes and dry matter accumulation of the green onion seedlings，the 500 mg·L-1 uniconazole treatment had the best effect on controlling the growth of seedling，and the seedling strength index and root shoot ratio were increased by 111.00% and 91.30% in comparison to the control treatment，respectively．

In recent years，China’s tomato industry has shown rapid development，and occupies an important position in the vegetable industry． Based on the data of 2017—2023，this paper comprehensively analyzes the development status and cost benefi ts of the tomato industry． From the perspective of the current development status，China’s tomato industry has realized annualized supply and formed six major tomato planting advantageous regions． From the point of cost-benefi t，the total cost and net profi t of tomato in China showed an upward trend from 2017 to 2023，and the cost profi t margin was in a fl uctuating state． However， the rising cost pressure and the large fl uctuation of the net profi t of facility tomato constrain the healthy and sustainable development of the tomato industry． In view of the above problems，this article proposes three perspectives of quality and efficiency paths for the tomato industry from the perspective of digital wisdom empowerment，mechanism soundness，and seed industry innovation：develop wisdom production，optimize the cost structure；build a whole chain synergistic mechanism to reduce the total cost；and promote scientifi c and technological innovation in the tomato seed industry to reduce the cost of planting and production．

A Genome-wide association study（GWAS）is a population-level statistical analysis of genotype and observable traits（i.e.，phenotypes），which provides research ideas for revealing the genetic mechanisms of complex agronomic traits in crops by screening the genetic variants that can affect the trait through statistical quantities or P-values．At present，GWAS has been widely used in crop genetics and breeding．This paper mainly expounds the application progress of GWAS in the agronomic traits quality and resistance of pepper；explores and prospects the existing problems．In order to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the future use of GWAS for the genetic basis of pepper agronomic and quality traits as well as molecular marker-assisted breeding．

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is a most devastating oomycete disease of potato．It occurs all year round in many potato growing areas in China and is one of the main factors causing economic loss of potato industry．The factors affecting the growth and pathogenicity of P. infestans in potato include climatic conditions，cultivation management，host resistance，etc.，among which climatic conditions are most important．Therefore，this paper reviews the impacts of main climatic factors such as temperature，light，humidity，carbon dioxide concentration on P. infestans and future prospects additional research in order to provide useful guidance for integrated late blight management．

In order to further enhance the anti-risk ability of ginger industry and increase rural household income，on the basis of studying China’s ginger planting input-output，this paper conducted comparative analysis on diff erent scale of operation，diff erent age of farmers，and planting cost and benefi t．At the same time，the paper also analyzed the factors aff ecting the cost and income fl uctuation of ginger planting．The results showed that the ginger price fl uctuation was one of the most important factors causing the instability of income. Besides，the instability of ginger yield also had greater impact on profi ts. The scale effi ciency of ginger was not signifi cant. Labor cost rose sharply along with the increase in scale，leading to a drop in profi ts．Judging from the cost point of view，the older farmers adopted management strategy of reducing investment and mitigating risk，which had become an obstacle to the high-quality development of ginger．On account of these，the paper suggested to develop ginger featured insurance，reducing management risk of farmer household；developing futures market，stabilizing ginger price；increasing investment in research and development of small machinery for ginger；and to improve the scale effi ciency of ginger industry through service scale．

The Chinese potato market in 2023 has 3 significant characteristics：high potato price in early stage，year-on-year price on the lower side in later stage，and annual prices at their highest in nearly 10 years，etc. It is expected that the potato market prices in 2024 will be generally lower than that in 2023. At present，there are still existed problems noteworthy in China’s potato industry，including unbalanced industrial development，urgent improvement of processing level and insufficient protection of regional public brands，etc.In order to further promote the upgrading of China’s potato industry，it is suggested that local governments of various regions to implement targeted support policies，accelerate the in-depth development of whole industrial chain，and strengthen protection of regional public brands.

Abstract：Atrazine is a triazine herbicide，which can control annual monocotyledon and dicotyledon weeds，and also inhibit certain perennial weeds．It is one of the most important herbicides for corn production in the world．It can also be used in sorghum，sugarcane，fruit trees，etc．It is moderately persistent in the environment and can remain in the atmosphere，water，and soil environment．It is easy to cause different degrees of pesticide damage to subsequent crops such as rape，Chinese cabbage，fi eld mustard，cucumber，pepper，cowpea，and okra．At the same time，it causes harm to natural ecosystems and human health．This paper reviewed the microbial degradation of atrazine；introduced the microbial degradation techniques of herbicide atrazine from 3 aspects，including bioaugmentation，biostimulation，and immobilization；compiled and summarized the microbial groups being confi rmed in previous studies；clarifi ed the microbial degradationmechanism of atrazine from 2 aspects：degradation process and degradation genes；analyzed the factors affecting the microbial degradation of atrazine and prospected the future research direction．

栽培技术不够统一、生产管理水平偏低成为制约甘肃省陇南市大叶芥菜产业发展的主要因素，当地通过对大叶芥菜生产的各个技术环节进行不断优化，使大叶芥菜商品率达到95%以上，每667 m2经济效益提高25%以上。

Jingjian 70’is a new heading Chinese cabbage F1 hybrid cultivar bred by crossing self incompatible line‘16-1283’with‘16-1366’．It is of medium maturing and about 70 days from sowing to harvest．The outer-leaves are green and hairy．The plant is erect with about 55 cm in height and 67 cm in width．The head is long-cylindrical and tip-topped with about 50 cm in height and 11 cm in width．The average head weight is about 2.3 kg，and the yield is about 82.5 t·hm-2．The resistance to viral disease and downy mildew is stronger than that of control‘Chihiri 70’in the field．It is suitable for planting in Beijing，Hebei，Tianjin，Yunnan and Guangxi provinces．

Taking 16 Chinese kale F1 hybrids as donor material，this paper compared and analyzed the effects of optimized buds disinfection，isolated microspore release and filtering on culture of Chinese kale free microspore．The results indicated that the 16 tested Chinese kale donor materials all had embryogenesis capability，and obtained regenerated plants of different types．Thus，a larger-scale and large quantities doubled haploid（DH）of Chinese kale were obtained．Through comprehensive evaluation and screening in the field，these DH lines by isolated microspore culture technology of Chinese kale were used in breeding，and 3 new Chinese kale F1 hybrids‘20M4 Jielan’‘21M2 Jielan’‘22M11 Jielan’with different maturity were bred．

To investigate the effects of combined application of chemical fertilizers and microbial fertilizers on tomato growth and fruit quality，the tomato ‘Guanghui 101’was used as the test material，seven different fertilization treatments were set up，namely no fertilization（CK），formulated fertilization（M-1），conventional fertilization（M-2），chemical fertilizers combined with microbial agents（M-3），and M-1，M-2，M-3 reduced by 1/3 and base fertilizer combined with bio organic fertilizer（M-4、M-5、M-6）．The effects of different fertilization treatments on tomato growth，yield，and quality were studied．The results showed that the tomato plants treated with M-3 had the best growth．Compared with CK，the plant height，stem diameter，and number of internodes increased by 19.44%，13.57%，and 15.15%，respectively，and the differences were significant．The single fruit weight，average fruit set，single plant yield，plot yield，and total yield increased by 3.45%，14.66%，19.35%，18.77%，and 18.77%，respectively．Overall，the combination of microbial agents with chemical fertilizers（M-3）treatment can be considered as the optimal fertilization schemes for tomatoes，which includes the base fertilizer of 750 kg·hm-2 of potassium sulfate，stable nitrogen source mixed fertilizer，and 30 kg·hm-2 of microbial agents（Bacillus subtilis M101，Trichoderma harzianum TH7，and Purpureocillium lilacinum PL22），and top application of massive element water-soluble fertilizer（N∶P∶K = 19∶19∶19）675 kg·hm-2 ，（N∶P∶K = 15∶5∶30）225 kg·hm-2 ，and microbial agents 360 kg·hm-2．

The 70% imidacloprid WG，25% thiamethoxam WG，22.4% spirotetramat SC and 30% spirotetramat·thiamethoxam amine SC were selected for field efficacy evaluation against Bemisia tabaci on tomato，pepper and eggplant in autumn under the same greenhouse conditions．The results showed that the control effect（CE）of 30% spirotetramat·thiamethoxam amine SC 1 day after pesticide application on the three vegetables were all more than 50% indicating its good quick-effect，and the CE on the 14th day after application were all more than 60% indicating its good long-lasting efficacy．The CE of 25% thiamethoxam WG on pepper and eggplant were more than 70% on the 1st day after application，88%（7th day）and 68%（14th day），respectively．Therefore，25% thiamethoxam WG could be used as a preferred insecticide for controlling B.tabaci in pepper and eggplant．The highest CE of 22.4% spirotetramat SC on pepper and eggplant were up to 81.44% and 91.39% respectively on the 7th day after application，and maintained at about 60% within 14th days after application；the highest CE was 76.50% on the 14th day after application on tomato，and the duration was long，which could be used for long-term prevent for B. tabaci．Considering the quick-effect，persistence and stability of the control effect on different greenhouse vegetables，30% spirotetramat · clothianidin SC is recommended as the first choice for controlling B. tabaci in the field of autumn greenhouse vegetables in northern China，and 25% thiamethoxam WG and 22.4% spirotetramat SC can be reasonably mixed or rotated in order to delay the resistance of this pest and achieve the purpose of pesticide reduction．

‘Qujiao No.5’is a new early maturing pepper F1 hybrid，which is inbred line‘Jin5-8’as the female parent and‘Y802’as male parent．Its first flower sets on the 9-10th node．The plant has strong growth vigor．It has the strong continuous fruit-bearing ability．The plant height is about 75 cm．The green mature fruit is yellow white in color and matured one is red．The single fresh fruit is horn-shaped and nice gloss，about 21 cm in length，2.2 cm in width，24 g in weight and 0.2 cm in thickness of fruit fresh．Its capsaicin content is 98.3 mg · kg-1，vitamin C content was 520.0 mg · kg-1，and the total amino acid amount was 0.80%．The resistance to anthracnose was stronger than that of the control‘Qujiao No.1’in the field，and similar to the control of the resistance to cucumber mosaic virus（CMV），tobacco mosaic virus（TMV）and Phytophthora blight．The average yield is about 37.5 t · hm-2．It is suitable for protected cultivation in Zhejiang Province and similar areas．

Henan is a big province in vegetable production and marketing．Its planting area and output rank first in the country，but the development of vegetable seed industry is insufficient．The proportion of local varieties is too small，which has become the short board of Henan vegetable industry．This paper reviewed the development actuality of Henan vegetable seed industry from the aspects of planting scale，scientific research basis，private seed industry and host exhibition，etc．；put forward problems existing in Henan seed industry，including technical bottlenecks in breeding，imperfect collaborative innovation in science and enterprise，lacking of original varieties，etc.；and comprehensively came up with the countermeasures from perspectives as establishing the fusion mechanism of science and enterprise，strengthening scientific and technological innovation in seed industry，etc.，so as to make the vegetable seed industry in Henan Province bigger and stronger for sustainable development．

In order to determine the control effects of different pesticides to the Tetranychus urticae and T.truncatus，12 different types of pesticides were selected to conduct field control tests on the two types of spider mite．The results showed that the efficacy of different pesticides against the T.urticae varied greatly at 3 days．The efficacy of 0.5% ivermectin emulsifiable concentrate，43% bifenazate suspension concentrate，30% cyenopyrafen suspension concentrate，and 20% cyflumetofen suspension concentrate was more than 90%，and the lowest efficacy of 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate was 58.17%．The efficacy of the other pesticides against the T.truncatus was more than 90%，except for ivermectin．The preventive efficacy of different pesticides on T.urticae ranged from 40.30% to 97.70% at 7 days after treatment，and against the T.truncatus at 87.55% to 99.45%，indicating that the 12 pesticides were more effective against the T.truncatus than against the T. urticae at 3 days and 7 days post-dose．Taking the results of different time points together，all 12 pesticides can be used for the control of the T.truncatus，besides，the ivermectin，bifenazate，cyflumetofen，30% cyetpyrafen suspension concentrate and 45% bifenazate-ethoxyfenozide compounds suspension concentrate can be used applied by rotation for T.urticae．

In order to screen out high-quality and multi-resistant pepper germplasms，this paper took 109 domestic and foreign pepper germplasms as test material；measured 6 traits of fruit quality；and identified whether they carried TMV resistant gene L4，Phytophthora capsici resistant gene CaPhyto，TSWV resistant gene Tsw and PVY resistant gene Pvr4. Then，the paper carried out comprehensive evaluation through genetic diversity analysis，correlation analysis，principal component analysis，cluster analysis and aggregated boosted tree（ABT）analysis. Results showed that the genetic diversities of 109 pepper germplasms were abundant，and coefficient of variation ranged from 24.51%-123.52%. Among them β-carotene content showed maximum variation degree. ABT analysis also indicated that capsanthin had the greatest influence on indexes determined by colorimeter，followed by lutein and that of β-carotene was minimum. The resistance molecular markers had identified 8 accessions carrying L4 gene，23 carrying CaPhyto gene and 1 carrying Pvr4 gene. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that 109 pepper germplasms could be divided into 3 groups.The quality indexes of group I and group II were all relatively excellent. Finally，9 germplasms with both good quality and resistance were screened out.

In order to further improve the light and temperature performance of Chinese solar greenhouse，and enable the over winter vegetable production in areas north of 50° N with extreme temperature below -40 ℃，yet having no auxiliary heating，this paper proposed a ‘double film-double blanket-double chamber’（D-FBC）high insulation greenhouse after reserch innovation．The lighting roof angle of the greenhouse reached 53.82°，and horizontal projection ratio of front and rear roofs was less than 1∶1．The overall lighting and insulation capacity of the greenhouse were significantly improved．At the same time，the supporting greenhouse basic insulation + lighting surface ‘double film-double blanket-double chamber’thermal insulation + back wall water column passive heat storage + gas water heat exchange ground soil active heat storage and release system all had helped maintaining the greenhouse indoor temperature above 9 ℃，even when the outdoor extreme temperatures was below -48 ℃．Thus，safe over winter vegetable production in Tahe County，Heilongjiang Province，at 52° north latitude was successfully realized．

Taking the new variety of‘eggplant 1055’ as test material，this paper explored the effects of paclobutrazol spraying concentrations and times of application on eggplant plant height，internode length and fruit characters under different cultivation modes.In spring at open fields，this experiment set up 6 spray concentrations（0 as CK，25，50，100，200，300 mg·L-1）and one spray frequency（3 times）altogether 6 treatments. In autumn at solar greenhouse，5 spray concentrations（0 as CK，25，50，100，150 mg·L-1）and 3 spray frequency（1，2，3 times）were set altogether 11 treatments. The results showed that under different environments paclobutrazol could all hold up the growth of eggplant plant.Along with the increase of paclobutrazol concentration and number of application times，plant height and internode length would gradually decrease. At the same time，paclobutrazol spraying would affect the development of eggplant fruit，increase fruit transverse diameter and decrease fruit longitudinal diameter. Along with time extension after spraying，the effect of paclobutrazol would gradually weaken. Comprehensive analysis about effects of paclobutrazol on eggplant plant architecture and fruit characters showed that 15 days after field planting，spraying paclobutrazol 50 mg·L-1 3 times in open field cultivation in spring，and spraying 25 mg · L-1 3 times in solar greenhouse cultivation in autumn with 7 days interval could effectively reduce eggplant plant height and internode length，maintain its fine fruit type and increase its single fruit weight.

Abstract：‘Yongshi No.3’is a new tomato rootstock F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘4’as female parent and inbred line‘1’as male parent．It is infinite growth type，medium maturity．The plant has strong growth potential and developed roots．Its stem diameter is 2.3-3.3 cm，and the first inflorescence is on the 7-9th node．The fruit is oblate，and mature fruit is orange．The single fruit weight is about 60 g，and the yield is about 60 t · hm-2．The seeds are flat and short ovate，with fuzz on the surface，and the thousand seed weight is about 1.9 g．It has good grafting affinity，high survival rate and high resistance to bacterial wilt．It is suitable for southern Guangxi as tomato grafting rootstock．