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01 November 2020, Volume 1 Issue 11
    

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  • Identification and Bioinformatics Analysis of Heat Shock Transcription Factor （Hsf）Gene Family in Melon
    SI Xiuyang，LIANG Wenjie，LUO Lan，WANG Yuxin，LIU Dawei
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 23-32.
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    As an important regulatory factor，heat shock transcription factor（Hsf） plays a key role in plant stress response and regulation of growth and development． Based on melon（Cucumis melo L.） genomic data，this paper carried out identification on CmHsf using bioinformatics，and analyzed chromosomal location，gene structure，phylogeny，colinearity and promoter，etc．The results showed that 22 Hsf were identified in the melon genome data．These genes were unevenly distributed on 11 chromosomes．All genes contained introns，and the intron numbers were mostly 1-2．According to protein structure and phylogeny analysis，CmHsf could be divided into 3 groups，and the numbers of different groups were different．It had certain similitude to the Hsf gene of the other plants in taxonomic classification．In phylogenetic analysis with the model plant Arabidopsis，the phylogenetic tree aggregated all CmHsf gene families into 3 classes．In colinear analysis，there were 19 genes in melon existing colinearity relation with watermelon and cucumber．In promoter analysis，abscisic acid，jasmonic acid，auxin，gibberellin and homeopathic elements respond to signals as drought，low temperature and mechanical damage，etc. were authenticated．
  • Exploitation of Freezing-tolerant Genes in Pea（Pisum sativum L.）Based on Selective Sweeping Analysis
    JI Yishan， WANG Chenyu,LIU Rong，LI Guan，WANG Dong，HUANG Yuning，YAN Xin，LI Mengwei,YANG Tao，ZONG Xuxiao
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 33-42.
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    In recent years，low temperature in winter has caused severe loss for pea production．Comparing the whole genome resequencing data from 16 extremely freezing-tolerant pea genotypes and 14 extremely cold-sensitive pea genotypes was compared with the reference genome to select polymorphic SNPs．Based on the clean data of SNPs，phylogenetic tree construction，principal component analysis （PCA），linkage disequilibrium analysis（LD）and selective sweeping analysis were carried out for all involved genotypes．According to the results of selective sweeping analysis，population diversity（θπ），heterozygous rate（Hp）and population differentiation（Fst）were summarized．The top 5% candidate regions of the intersection results were screened，and obtained 34 candidate genes related to freezingtolerant pea．Results of this study has provided theoretical support for selection and breading of freezingtolerant pea，and also for cultivation pattern of“winter pea northward shifting”.
  • Effect of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics，Yield and Quality of Potato
    LI Ming’an，MA Li，HAO Qi，AN Yuyan，WANG Liangju
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 43-52.
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    Application of 50 mg · L-1 5-aminolevulinic acid（ALA）solution to potato（Solanum tuberosum L.cv. Netherlands 806）seedlings at different stages of plant growth，this paper studied the effects of ALA on potato leaves photosynthetic characteristics，and potato yield and quality．The results indicated that ALA could increase the relative chlorophyll content of potato leaves，and especially improve photosynthetic ability at the noon and in the afternoon，and reduce photosynthetic noon break level．Results of the test analysis showed that ALA treatment had increased the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ and PSⅠ reaction centers of potato leaves（φPo and φRo）；reduced the maximum close rate of PSⅡ reaction center（Mo）；maintained the higher photosynthetic electron transfer quantum yield （φEo） and lower energy dissipation through heat （φDo）．So as to improve the photosynthetic capacity index based on absorption（PIabs）and the total index including PSⅠ and PSⅡ（PItotal）．ALA treatment could also up-regulate the transcriptional level of Psb A and Psb D，coding gene D1 and D2，the core proteins in PSⅡ reaction center．Additionally，ALA treatment had significantly increased the tuber yield and its soluble sugar and vitamin C contents．However，ALA treatment had no significant effect on starch content of the tubers．Therefore，ALA，as a natural non-protein amino acid，may have wide popularization and application prospect in potato industry．
  • Effects of Water Control on Quality，Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Cherry Tomato in Solar Greenhouse
    LIU Yuxi，WU Longkai，WANG Juanjuan，LI Yansu，HE Chaoxing，YU Xianchang，WANG Jun
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 53-59.
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    In order to figure out the effect of water regulation during fruiting period on cherry tomato yield and quality，this paper took cherry tomato‘Qianxi’and ‘Hongyu’as experimental material and studied the effects of 3 treatments with different relative soil water contents（40%-50%，60%-70%，and 80%-90%）on cherry tomato quality，yield and water use efficiency in winter-spring crop and autumn-winter crop in solar greenhouse．The results showed that the contents of soluble solids，soluble sugar，titratable acid，VC and water use efficiency of cherry tomato were significantly increased along with the increasing of soil relative water content．But，the leaf net photosynthetic rate，stomatal conductance，chlorophyll content，single fruit weight and total yield would show a changing tendency of first increasing then decreasing along with the reducing of soil relative water content．Combining entropy weight method with TOPSIS method，the paper comprehensively analyzed various indexes of cherry tomato including quality，yield and water use efficiency．The optimum relative soil water content was 40%-50% during cherry tomato fruiting period.
  • Effect of Leaf Excision on Sugar Content in Basal Part of Stem and Adventitious Root Formation in Tomato Cutting Seedlings
    ZHANG Xiaorui，XIE Lulu，DONG Chunjuan，SHANG Qingmao
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 60-65.
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    Taking tomato cultivar‘Zhongza 302’as material，this experiment studied the effects of leaf excision on sugar content in basal part stem of tomato cutting seedling and adventitious root formation by water as cutting substrate．The results showed that seedling leaf excision treatment had changed the relative expression and activities of sugar metabolism related to enzymes SUS and CWIN at the basal part of tomato cutting seedlings stem；remarkably decreased the contents of glucose，fructose，sucrose and total soluble sugar at the basal part of stem，and inhibited adventitious root formation，indicating that keeping proper number of leaf blades was very important for stimulating the adventitious root formation of tomato cutting seedlings.
  • Effects of Slow-released Fertilizer Instead of Chemical Fertilizer on Growth，Yield and Quality of Garlic Seedlings
    MAO Zhenyu，XIE Jianming，HE Zhixue，NIU Tianhang，QIN Haijuan，HE Dongxia
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 66-71.
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    Aiming at the issue of excessive chemical fertilizer dosage in garlic seedling production，this paper adopted a field experiment and set up 5 treatments as CK（no fertilization），T1（constant fertilization of local ordinary chemical fertilizer），T2（reduced fertilization of ordinary chemical fertilizer），T3（reduced fertilization of slow-released fertilizer），T4（constant fertilization of slow-released fertilizer） to study the effects of replacing ordinary chemical fertilizer by slow-released fertilizer on the growth，yield and quality of garlic seedling，so as to provide theoretical bases for reducing the dosage of chemical fertilizer．The results showed that comparing with T1 treatment，T3 treatment could significantly increase the stem thickness，leaf width，pseudostem length，root system vigour，photosynthetic pigment content of garlic seedling and remarkably increase the contents of VC，soluble sugar and soluble protein in garlic seedlings．Each index had been increased by 78.2%，84.2% and 12.6%，respectively．T3 treatment could also significantly reduce the nitrate and crude fiber content of garlic seedling and increase the allicin content．Thus，the yield would be increased by 4.1% and net income be increased by 9.7%．In summary，reduced fertilization of slow-released fertilizer（T3） is helpful for the growth of garlic seedlings．It can increase the yield and at the same time significantly improve the quality of garlic seedlings．It has increased the economic benefits．So it is the best treatment in this experiment．
  • Identification of Powdery Mildew Physiological Race in Seed-used Pumpkin Cucurbita pepo L.）and Genetic Analysis of Its Resistance
    LI Shujie，WANG Ping，YANG Yongsheng，ZHANG Lidong，LIU Qi，WANG Jing，WANG iming，YE Yingjie
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 72-79.
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    Identification was carried out on powdery mildew pathogenic species of seed-used pumpkin Cucurbita pepo L.）from different regions of Inner Mongolia by morphology and molecular biology ethods．The physiological race of powdery mildew from different regions were identified by using the nternational common used 13 different identification hosts of powdery mildew and identification system．The resistance of 20 seed-used pumpkin germplasms was evaluated，and statistical analysis on 6 generations rogeny resistance was carried out using artificial inoculation method at the seedling stage．Studies on genetic esistance of powdery mildew was also carried out．The results of morphological identification indicated that he powdery mildew of seed-used pumpkin had bunchy ellipsoidal conidium having corpus fibronsum．The esult of molecular identification showed that the rDNA-ITS sequence of powdery mildew was in a branch with he sequence of Podsphaera xanthii，published in GenBank．The powdery mildew in Inner Mongolia region as identified as P. xanthii，and 4 physiological races of powdery mildew identified in Inner Mongolia region ere race 4，race 2F，race 1，and one unknown race．The test results of germplasm resistance showed that mong the 20 seed-used pumpkin germplasms 7 were disease-resistant，4 with medium-resistance，and 1 with igh-resistance．The powdery mildew resistance genes of seed-used pumpkin in Inner Mongolia region were ontrolled by a pair of major recessive single gene．
  • Identification and Evaluation of New Watermelon Cultivar for Its Resistance to Fusarium Wilt by Artificial Inoculation Method
    KANG Baoshan，WU Huijie，LI Chaohan，BAI Erjun，GU Weihong，GU Qinsheng
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 80-84.
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    Watermelon Fusarium wilt，caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveurn，is one of the severe soil-borne fungal diseases in watermelon industry．Breeding disease resistant cultivars is still an ideal approach for controlling this disease．However，when the newly bred cultivars are introduced into the other areas，their resistances are easily lost．Therefore，understanding the characteristics of resistance is helpful for cultivar popularization and application．In this study，8 watermelon cultivars were evaluated for their resistances against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Race 1 by fungus soil inoculation method，and verified through molecular marker．The results showed that the 6 tested new watermelon cultivars expressed middle resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Race 1，matching with the testing results by molecular marker．Among them，the resistances of‘Shenxuan 958’，‘Shenmi 968’and‘Shenmi No.6’expressed bigger differences in 3 repeated experiments at different times，indicating their resistances were more sensitive to environment factors，especially temperature and humidity．‘Shenxuan 958’and‘Shenkang 988’had the same resistence-parent，their genotype tested by molecular marker was the same．But，under the same environment conditions，their resistances expressed larger differences，indicating that owing to different parents，there might existed different minor gene or gene interaction mode．
  • Bibliometric Analysis of Literature in Chinese Core Journals from 1999 to 2019 with Tomato as Research Topics and Hotspots
    DU Ruopeng，KOU Yuantao，ZHU Liang*
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 85-91.
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    China is a big tomato producing country．Research on tomato occupies an important place in vegetable science research in China．Taking 7 190 tomato papers published in the journals of“Core Journals in Chinese” and “Chinese Science Citation Database，CSCD” from 1999 to 2019 and using Java and python programming languages，this paper carried out quantitative analysis on literatures，hoping to understand the hotspots and changing tendency of tomato research in China since entering the 21th century，so as to provide references for future research topic selection and management．Research results showed that in recent 20 years， the quantities of published papers on tomato maintained a large number and kept a stable status for 10 years following the rapid increase in the first 10 years． The literature cluster analysis obtained 13 research topics，covering：genetic breeding，cultivation physiology and technology，plant protection，storage and processing，etc．We found by analyzing high-frequency keywords that the heat of research activities related with“ gene”“growth and development”“yield”“quality” and“ greenhouse”，etc.，was persistant；and the heat of research related to“tomato yellow leaf curl virus”“chlorophyll”“seedling”“cherry tomato”“soil”，etc.，was remarkably increasing. While，research literatures related to“ physiology”“leaf mold”“preservation and freshness”“bacteria wilt”“ethylene”，etc.，were decreased. During the recent 10 years，there were about 100 core journals publishing over 400 papers on tomato every year.
  • A New Multi-resistant Tomato F1 Hybrid —‘Jingfan 102’
    ZHOU Ming，YUAN Guoliang，DENG Lei，LI Baosi，MA Defeng，LI Changbao
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 92-94.
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    ‘Jingfan 102’is a new multi-resistant，winter-spring cultivated，pink-fruited tomato F1 hybrid，developed by crossing inbred line‘TB0098’as female parent and inbred line‘TB0993’as male parent．It is of early maturity and indeterminate growth type．It takes about 112 days from sowing to harvest．The plant has strong growing vigor．The fruit is of medium to large size and of perfect circle shape．Its fruit is bright-pink in color．The single fruit weight is 220-260 g．There are 3-5 fruits per panicle．The fruits are uniform in size with high commodity rate and strong sustainable fruit ability．‘Jingfan 102’contains tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance genes Ty1 and Ty3，root-knot nematode resistance gene Mi-1，tomato mosaic virus resistance gene Tm2a gene，gray leaf spot resistance gene Sm．It can yield about 135 t · hm-2．It is suitable for winter-spring cultivation in protected fields in northern China，such as Beijing，Tianjin，Hebei，Shandong，Liaoning．
  • A New Hot Pepper F1 Hybrid —‘Honglaluosijiao’
    LIAO Fangfang，HU Mingwen，ZHU Wenchao，SU Da，BAI Liwei，GAO Gang
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 95-98.
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    ‘Honglaluosijiao’is a new screw-type pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing sterile line ‘L-1A’as female parent and inbred line‘h126’as male parent．It is of early maturity．It takes about 45 days from transplanting to first harvesting．Its plant is of compact type．The first flower sets on about the 5th node．It has continuous fruit bearing ability．There are about 44 fruits per single plant．The fruit is of line shape．The immature fruit is light green in color and matured one is bright red in color．There are wrinkles on fruit peel．There are heavy and coarse folds at fruit base．It has good commodity．The average fruit length is 32.3 cm，and fruit width is 3.13 cm．The average single fruit weigh is 25.9 g．Its VC content is 2 364.0 mg ·kg-1，capsaicin content is 1.59%，dry matter content is 12.07%．It tastes medium spicy with good flavor．Its yield is about 30 t · hm-2．It is suitable for planting in greenhouse in early spring，or open fields in spring and summer in Guizhou Province and areas with similar climate conditions．
  • A New Radish F1 Hybrid —‘Fengmanyidai’
    LIU Zhao，WANG Shengwu，WU Lingxuan
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 98-100.
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    ‘Fengmanyidai’is a radish F1 hybrid of medium and late maturity bred by crossing selfincompatible line‘10Y-1-1-6’as female parent and inbred line‘09Y-2-2A’as male parent．Its growth period is about 80 days．The plant type is semi-erect with floral and green leaves．The fleshy root is short of column shape．Its peel out of ground is smooth and green in color．While，that burial part is white in color．The root pulp is light green and tastes crisp．The moisture content is moderate．As table food，it has no spicy taste or is slightly spicy．It has good quality and is suitable both as raw and cooked food．The root is 20-22 cm in length．The burial part is about 7 cm in length．The transverse diameter is 9-11 cm．The single root weight is 1.25-1.50 kg．It can yield about 75 t · hm-2．In fields，its resistance to black rot，virus disease and soft rot is stronger than that of the contrast‘Lyubao’ ．It is suitable for autumn planting in Shanxi Province and surrounding areas．
  • A New Bitter Gourd F1 Hybrid —‘Zaocui’
    CHEN Muxi，CHEN Kunhao，ZHENG Hanfan，CHEN Ruzhu，LIN Wen
    China Vegetables. 2020, 1(11): 101-103.
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    ‘Zaocui’is a bitter gourd F1 hybrid of glossy dark green type developed by crossing inbred line‘Cuilyu’as female parent and inbred line‘Baolai No.2’as male parent．It is of mid-early maturity．It takes 71 days from sowing to first harvesting in spring，and 53 days in autumn．When the harvest is continued，the growing period will take 34 days in spring and 37 days in autumn．The fruit is of long conic shape．Its peel is light green in spring and green in autumn．There are mainly stripe and round prominent tubercles on its peel．The melon is about 28 cm in length．The transverse diameter is about 6 cm．The flesh is 1 cm in thickness．The single melon weight is 370-380 g．The VC content is 364.0 mg · kg-1．The content of soluble solid is 36.0 mg · g-1．The crude fiber content is 8.0 mg · g-1．Its average yield is about 33 t · hm-2．The commodity rate is about 93%．It is suitable for spring and autumn cultivation in southern China．
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