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15 December 2013, Volume 1 Issue 24
    

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  • LI Zong-Yang, QIN Zhi-Wei, ZHOU Xiu-Yan, XIN  Ming
    . 2013, 1(24): 1-9.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Bitterness is one of the important organoleptic qualities of Cucurbitaceae vegetables.
    This paper reviewed the main research achievements in this field at home and abroad.The following
    aspects were reviewed including the bitter substance composition,testing methods for bitterness,
    bitterness formation and variety genetic characteristics,bitterness formation and environmental conditions
    and cultivation management,related molecular markers and fine mapping of function genes.The
    paper also prospected the direction for future research on bitterness of Cucurbitaceae vegetables,so as
    to provide reference for further studies on bitterness of Cucur bitaceae vegetables.
  • ZHANG Xiao-Hong, ZHAO Yi-Jie
    . 2013, 1(24): 10-15.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The continuous cropping of watermelon〔Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Matsum.
    et Nakai〕leads to the accumulation of allelochemicals,and causes the decrease of yield.It is of
    important significance to reveal the obstacle mechanism of allelopathic on watermelon continuous
    cropping,and overcome this obstacle.The paper reviewed the research progress on watermelon allelopathy,
    including the current research status on watermelon allelopathy,the allelochemicals and their
    releasing way,and the function characteristics of allelochemicals,and allelopathy application in production.
    The paper also prospected the future research directions on watermelon allelopathy,aiming at
    providing theoratical references for developing a scientific way to enhance watermelon resistance,and
    improving the yield and quality of watermelon.
  • HAN Cheng-Hua, ZHOU Zeng-Hui, ZHANG Na, JIANG Jie-Zeng
    . 2013, 1(24): 16-21.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the effects of Cd on the growth of watercress(
    Nasturtium officinale R. Br.).The indexes under treatments of different Cd concentration,
    such as agronomic characters,yield,root activity,net photosynthetic rate( Pn),antioxidant enzyme
    activity and the concentration of malondialdehyde( MDA),phytochelatins( PCs) and Cd contents
    changes at different parts of watercress were studied. The results showed that low Cd concentration would
    influence watercress growth,i.e. the accumulation of MDA would rise,while high Cd concentration
    would lead to the decline of root activity and Pn.Antioxidases and PCs played a cooperative role in alleviating
    Cd toxicity. But the alleviation was dominated by PCs chelation under the condition of low Cd
    concentration,while it would be dominated by the antioxygenation of SOD,POD,CAT along with the
    increase of Cd concentration. Cd is easily accumulated in watercress.The Cd concentration in edible
    parts of watercress had exceeded the limit value of national standards,when the concentration of Cd in
    the nutrient solution reached 0.20 mg·L-1.In conclusion,watercress is a vegetable of Cd-sensitive
    type,more attentions should be paid on Cd pollution during its production.
  • FANG Yu-Peng, WANG Li-Ping
    . 2013, 1(24): 22-26.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Taking mini wax gourd( Benincasa hispida Cogn. var. chieh-qua How.)‘Chunfeng’as
    experimental material,the paper studied the influence of different harvest maturity and storage environment
    on the quality and storability of mini wax gourd. The results indicate that although the low harvest
    maturity fruit has high nutritional value,it is not tolerant to storage. Its fruits got shrank after 3 days
    storage.The high harvest maturity fruit is tolerant to storage,and can still maintain good appearance
    after 100 days.Besides,storage under basement environment could delay the quality changed.Fruits
    of all maturity got rotten after 20 days under cold storage condition.The results showed that,for short
    period of storage,it is better to choose the low harvest maturity fruit picked 15 days after flowering;
    while for long period of storage,the high harvest maturity fruit picked 30-45 days after flowering was
    chosen to store under relatively lower temperature in basement environment.
  • LIN Yi, YANG Yu-Bin, WANG Chi, YANG Jing-Hua, ZHANG Ming-Fang
    . 2013, 1(24): 27-30.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The paper studied watermelon〔Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Matsum. et Nakai〕pollen
    cryopreservation methods and pollination technique.The result indicated that pollens of‘ Zaojia’ watermelon
    can be stored at -18 ℃ or -25 ℃ under vacuum condition for 186 to 223 days with over 50% activity.
    Pollen activity can be varied under different storage conditions,of which -25 ℃ can have longer
    storage time than -18 ℃,and the pollen vitality is higher.The stored pollens should be activated at 25
    ℃ for 30 min before usage,so as to achieve higher fruit setting rate.The application of stored pollen
    will not influence the quality of watermelon.
  • LIU Tong-Jin, CHENG Zhi-Hui, MENG Huan-Wen, Sikandar Hayat, ZHAO Hui-Ling
    . 2013, 1(24): 31-36.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In order to understand the differences in garlic(Allium sativum L.) growth and yield
    in substrate plastic tunnel between under single and intercropping conditions,the paper set up 3
    cultivation treatments of tomato monoculture,tomato/garlic intercropping and garlic monoculture to test
    garlic mass growth,yield,and substrate physicochemical properties.The results indicated that the
    morphological index of intercropped garlic bulb was significantly lower than that of garlic monoculture,
    but the ratio and yield of single-clove bulb was significantly increased.The land equivalent ratio of
    tomato/garlic intercropping was high as 1.56 with obvious advantages.The single-clove bulb ratio of
    intercropped garlic was 58.1%. Available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents were high both
    in monoculture and intercropping substrate.There were no significant differences observed in sucrase,
    urease activity,bacteria and actinomycetes number.The major limitation for intercropped garlic growth
    was light.
  • ZHANG Ming-Zhong, HAN Gui-Qi, XU Wei-Hong, LIU Jun, WANG Chong-Li, YANG Yun, ZHANG Jin-Zhong, WANG Zheng-Yin, XIE De-Ti
    . 2013, 1(24): 37-45.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The experiment of‘ venting method’ in laboratory and pot experiments were carried out
    to investigate the characteristics of ammonia volatilization of special slow-release fertilizer in soil,and
    its effect of special slow-release fertilizer on yield and quality of eggplant(Solanum melongena L.),
    uptake of N,P and K,fertilizer use efficiency.The results showed that the special slow-release fertilizer(
    QSRF) for vegetables could significantly reduce the volatilization rate of ammonia and accumulation
    of ammonia volatilization in the experiment of‘venting method’in laboratory.At the beginning of
    laboratory experiments,the highest average rate of ammonia volatilization was observed in large particle
    urea(PUR)treatment.However,28 days later,the volatilization rate of special fertilizer(QCCF)
    was the highest.Accumulations of ammonia apparent volatilization by QSRF had reduced by 62.17%
    and 56.76%,compared with PUR and QCCF.Obviously in pot experiment,QSRF significantly improved eggplant yield. Yield of the 2 eggplant varieties under QSRF treatment had increased by 37.1%
    and 37.8% than under the common compound fertilizer( OCCF),and increased by 1.4% and 27.6%
    than the commercial slow-release fertilizer( MSRF).Contents of VC and amino acid in fruit were increased
    by QSRF treatment. Content of nitrate was evidently lower than that treated by OCCF.The apparent
    fertilizer utilization rate of N and K was increased by QSRF treatment,while no obviously effect
    was found on apparent fertilizer utilization rate of P.
  • WU Wen-Qiang, LIU Yu, LI Ping, ZHAO Yi, MOU Guo-Xing
    . 2013, 1(24): 46-48.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The field experiment was carried out to study the effects of sugar alcohol complex
    calcium on eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)growth,yield and quality.The results showed that the
    height and stem diameter increased by 4.60% and 18.18%,compared with the conventional fertilization
    treatment by applying sugar alcohol complex calcium treatment. Beside the yield with sugar alcohol
    complex calcium was increased by 9.11% and 2.24% as compared with conventional fertilization and
    calcium nitrate treatments.Thus,the economic efficiency was obviously increased.At the same
    time,eggplant quality was also improved.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,VC
    content,soluble solid content and sugar-acid ratio was increased by 85.38%,34.55% and 49.51%,
    respectively.Compared with the calcium nitrate treatment,VC content,soluble solid content and
    sugar-acid ratio was increased by 37.23%,3.60% and 26.64%,respectively.
  • LI Ning, WANG Long-Chang, GUO Wen-Zhong, ZHANG Fang, CHEN Fei, XUE Xu-Zhang
    . 2013, 1(24): 49-52.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Adopting substrate cultivation and brick cultivation,by setting different brick hole
    densities( 0,6,12 and 18 holes) in bricks,the paper studied their effect on tomato(Lycopersicon
    esculentum
    Mill.) growth. The results showed that the tomato yield under brick cultivation with 18,12,
    6 brick holes and without brick holes compared with substrate cultivation increased 27.63%,30.84%,
    23.38% and 24.65%,respectively.Meanwhile,the production input was low.Compared to the substrate
    cultivation,brick cultivation could improve tomato plant height,stem diameter,leaf blade num -
    bers,leaf dry weight,stem dry weight,root dry weight,fruit yield,and nutrient solution utilization
    efficiency.Applying brick cultivation into modernized agricultu ral production is quite feasible.
  • LIN Tao, LI Jin-Quan, HUANG Qing-Feng, CHEN Chao-Wen, LIN Jin-Xiu
    . 2013, 1(24): 53-56.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Hybrid combinations of cherry tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. var. cerasiforme
    Alef.)were made by round black brown inbred line Z1,prolate pear-shaped reddish black inbred
    line Z2,the round red,oblate pale pinkish red,oval orange yellow and round yellow inbred lines.
    These inbred lines were taken as experimental material and formed incomplete diallel cross formulated
    combinations.Through studying the agronomic characters of F1,the quality characteristics and disease
    resistance,we explored the quality improvement of black cherry tomato germplasm,and the utilization of
    prolate pear-shaped fruit,in order to provide references for the innovative usage of special fruit color or
    shape of tomato germplasm in the future.The results showed that the black color of cherry tomato fruit is
    recessive trait.Parental relative traits( round fruit or oblate fruit×prolate pear-shaped fruit,long oval
    fruit×prolate pear-shaped fruit),their F1 fruit shape are elliptic and long finger shape,respectively.
  • TIAN Fang, NI Sui, SUN Zhi-Dong, SHI Ting-Ting
    . 2013, 1(24): 57-64.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Taro(Steudnera henryana),dry flower and rice were used as main raw materials to
    determine the best formula of compound beverage with fragrant taro.The final product was obtained by
    mashing,heating and grinding,plus the later-stage mixing.The best formula was achieved by sensory
    evaluation,orthogonal experiments of beverage,and physico-chemical analysis:When the addition
    quality of taro was 100 g and that of water was 1 100 mL,the addition quality of honey was 9% and
    lemonade was 0.07%;the addition amount of rice(‘Wanjingning 88’)was 10 g,the addition quality
    of jasmine,milk and wolfberry were 2 g,5 mL and 1 g respectively.The product is light-yellow liquid
    with the fragrance of jasmine flower and frankincense of milk. It tastes delicate with nutrition health care
    efficacy.
  • TANG Lin, ZHAO Hui
    . 2013, 1(24): 65-69.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Morphological observation and sequence analysis of EF-1α of tested Fusarium strains
    collected from the Solanaceae crops soil in western Henan Province were carried out to clarify the species
    diversity and phylogenetic relationships among Fusarium strains.The results showed that 5 branches
    of Fusarium were identified in the phylogenetic tree,namely F. oxysporumF. fujikuroiF. verticillioide
    F. incarnatum and F.incarnatum-equiseti species complex. Among them,F. oxysporum had the
    highest separation frequency of 45.83%,and was distributed in all investigated 4 kinds of Solanaceae
    crops soil.While,the separation frequency of F.incarnatum-equiseti species complex was the lowest,
    it only existed in potato and tomato soils.In addition,species diversity existed in Fusarium strains
    from different regions and different Solanaceae crops soil.
  • ZHAO Xiu-Yun, ZHANG Feng-Lan, XU Jia-Bing, YU Yang-Jun, ZHANG De-Shuang, YU Shuan-Cang, LU Gui-Xiang, WANG Wei-Hong
    . 2013, 1(24): 70-72.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Chunyou No.1’ is a high quality pakchoi F1 hybrid with late-bolting,vase shape and
    high stable yield.It is developed by crossing 2 self-incompatibility lines 2006-29 and 2005-113.The
    plant is 17 cm in height and 25 cm in width.It has green flat and glossy leaves.The petiole is green
    with 5.3 cm in width and 0.9 cm in thickness.The average single plant weight is about 0.24 kg and its
    yield is about 37.5 t·hm-2.It is suitable for winter and spring cultivation and has been extended to
    Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei,Jiangsu,Shanghai,Zhejiang,Fujian Provinces with total area of about
    20 000 hm 2.
  • ZHOU Xiu-Yan- Qin-Zhi-Wei, XIN Ming, ZHANG Yan-Ju, WU Tao, WANG Xin-Guo
    . 2013, 1(24): 73-75.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Dongnong 810’ is a new cucumber F1 hybrid developed by crossing D0420 as female
    parent and 649 as male parent.The plant grows vigorously,and it bears fruits mainly in its main stem.
    The first female flower is setting on the 4th or 5th node. It is a sub-gynoecious cultivar with female flower
    ratio of 73.9%.The fruit is cylindrical in shape with matt dark green skin and a few tumors.Its fruit is
    16.0 cm in length,3.15 cm in diameter,about 140 g in weight.It has light green flesh.It is resistant
    to bacterial augular leaf spot,Fusarium wilt and downy mildew,and medium resistant to powdery mildew.
    The average yield is about 69 t·hm-2.It is suitable for protected cultivation in northeastern and
    northern China.
  • ZHAN Yuan-Feng, DANG Xuan-Min, ZHANG Xiu-Ming
    . 2013, 1(24): 76-78.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘ Qiongli’ is a new mini-watermelon F1 hybrid bred by crossing inbred line MN-123 as
    female parent and FR-59-1 as male parent.It is of early maturity.Its fruit development period is 28
    days.The whole growing period is 72-78 days in winter sowing and 60-63 days in summer sowing at
    Hainan island.This variety is easy to set fruit.Its fruit is of oval shape,and the fruit index is 1.27.
    The fruit has green rind with dark green stripes.The fruit rind is thin with 0.5 cm thickness and rather
    tough.Its flesh is yellow in color,crispy and scent with excellent flavour.The soluble solid content is
    12.0%-12.5% in flesh core area,and 9%-10% in edge area.The single fruit weight is 2.0-2.5 kg.Its
    average yield is about 45.0 t·hm -2.It can be cultivated in protected or open fields.
  • CHEN Man-Ying, LIU Jing, AN Long-Hui, LI Shao-Ni, DANG Wen-Feng
    . 2013, 1(24): 79-81.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Lijing T2’ is a new cherry tomato F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line PHM12-
    11 as female parent and PDM12-3C2-9 as male parent.It is of unlimited growth type,with mid-early
    maturity and high resistance to tomato mosaic virus( ToMV).It is resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl
    virus( TYLCV).Its fruit is with upper medium hardness,and resistant to crack.The soluble solid
    content is about 8.5%.The single fruit weight is about 20 g.Its yield is approximately 102 t·hm-2.It
    is suitable to be grown in protected fields in autumn and overw inter in northern China.
  • ZHANG Zhan-Hong, BAI Zhan-Bing
    . 2013, 1(24): 82-84.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Xiaokeai’ is a new cherry tomato F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred lines A58-5-
    12-3 as female parent and B49-5-3-1 as male parent.This variety belongs to unlimited growth type.
    The plant has dark green leaf and red fruit.The fruit is of round shape.The single fruit weight is 18-20
    g with good taste.Its resistances to bacterial wilt,late blight and leaf mold are higher than that of the
    contrast‘Xiaolongnyu’.The average yield is about 45 t·hm-2 in open field,and about 90 t·hm-2 in
    protected field. It is suitable for cultivation in southern Chi na,where bacterial wilt occurred frequently.
  • YANG Lei, WANG Chao-Lian, DING Hai-Feng
    . 2013, 1(24): 85-87.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Jingxian No.1’ is a new hot pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing 07-133 as female
    parent,and 07-401 as male parent.This variety can sustainably set fruit.Its fruit is of string type.
    The single fruit is 25-30 g in weight,25-30 cm in length and 1.3-1.6 cm in diameter.Its fruit is bright
    and shining.The fruit is light green when immature,it turns scarlet red when ripen.It is hot in rich
    flavor and its quality is good.It is suitable for transportation and has good commercial value.It is tolerant
    to heat and humidity,resistant to TMV,medium resistant to CMV and Phytophthora capsici.
    The sustainable harvesting period can last long.It is suitable for various methods of processing.It
    can eat as table fruit or make sauce.It can yield about 48 t·hm-2 of fresh fruit.It can be planted in
    protected and open fields in southern and northern China.
  • HE Tie-Guang, ZHAO Kun, DONG Wen-Bin, TANG Sheng, GONG Ming-Xia, CHENG Liang, WANG Ri-Sheng
    . 2013, 1(24): 88-91.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Guijiao No.7’ is a high-yield and heat-tolerant hot pepper F1 hybrid bred by crossing
    inbred line Ca1-6-8 as female parent with inbred line Ca3-1-6 as male parent.The plant grows
    vigorously.Its fruit is of long-linear shape with good commodification and excellent storage capacity.
    Its fruit is 17.8-20.0 cm in length, 1.62-1.97 cm in shoulder diameter,0.21-0.26 cm in flesh thickness
    and 17.5-25.2 g in average single fruit weight.Its yield is over 45 t·hm-2.The contents of capsaicin,
    VC,protein,reducing sugar and dry matter were 127.0 mg·kg-1,1 840 mg· kg-1,2.67%,1.92%,
    15.2%,respectively.The green mature fruit is dark green in color and the ripen fruit is bright red in
    color.It can be planted in hot pepper production areas all over the country.
  • LI Jian-Hua, JI Wen-Long, ZHU Yan-Bing
    . 2013, 1(24): 92-94.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    ‘Tianjiao No.11’is a new screw pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing 98L-3-9-7 as
    female parent and 97L-9-5-2 as male parent.It grows with medium vigor. Its average plant height is
    68 cm.The plant has 0-3 branches.Its folium is green in color. The first flower is setting on the 7-8th
    node of the main stem.The plant can bear 7-8 fruits in succession.The fruit is of long screw shape,
    23-33 cm in length,and 4.2-5.0 cm in width,and 0.35 cm in flesh thickness.The single fruit weight
    is 75 g.The fruit is green in color when immature and it turns dark red in color when ripen.The fruit
    has spicy flavor,and is of early maturity.It is tolerant to low temperature,and high temperature.In
    the fields,its resistances to virus disease and anthracnose are stronger t han the contrast‘Zhudachang’.
    Its yield in early period is above 24 t·hm-2,the total yield is over 73.5 t·hm-2.It is suitable to storage
    and transportation.It is suitable to grow in protected and open fields.