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Current Issue
2010 Vol.1 Issue.08,
Published 2010-04-15
1
Research Progress on Color Change during Tomato Fruit Ripening
YAO Jian-gang;ZHANG He;XU Xiang-yang;LI Jing-fu*
Abstract：The paper expounds the mechanism of color change，the effect of environment condition and plant hormones on color change during tomato（
Lycopersicon esculentum
Mill.）fruit ripening．It also prospects the research emphasis and direction in the near future.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 1-6 [
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1750
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7
Research Progress on
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Mediated Genetic Transformation of Watermelon
LI Juan;LI Wan-ning;TANG Yi;LI Huan-xiu*
The paper introduces the present status of studies on Agrobacterium tumefaciens- mediated genetic transformation of watermelon〔
Citrullus lanatus
（Thunb.）Matsum. et Nakai〕，summarizes the major influencing factors in establishing efficient regeneration system of watermelon and genetic transformation process．The best selection of explants，the optimal medium preparation，and antibiotics，types of
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
，concentration of bacteria，infecting time，pre-culture time，culture time and add acetyl clove ketone，etc are summed up．The paper also discusses issues existing in watermelon genetic transformation and prospects the future development of this system.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 7-13 [
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1413
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14
Effects of Double-stock Grafting on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Cucumber in Greenhouse
CHU Zhao-sheng;CHEN Hai-li;WU Zhen;LUI Ming-chi*
This paper uses quality improved pumpkin‘Jingxinzhen No.5’and stress resistance enhanced
Cucurbita ficifolia
as rootstock,and cucumber(
Cucumis sativus
L.)cultivar‘Jinyou No.35’as scion.Under single-stock and double-stock conditions in greenhouse,the plant growth,water and fertilizer utilization efficiency,yield and quality of these 2 different grafted cucumbers were analyzed and compared.The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter,leaf numbers,the largest leaf areas,chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of double-stocked plants were significantly increased;the water use efficiency and contents of uptake N，P，K，Ca,Mg of grafted plants were remarkably higher than those of own-root plants.The yield and fruit number per plant,the single fruit quality of double-stock were significantly higher than‘Jingxin No.5’and own-root treatments.The single-stock increased the fruit stalk length,while double-stock relieved this tendency.Double-stock could significantly increase solution sugar content.The VC contents and sugar-acid ratio were also higher than that of
C.ficifolia
and own-root treatments.In term of the first female flower node,root activity,fruit length,fruit width,L/D index,and moisture content,graft treatment exerted no effect on them.The above results demonstrated that double-stock possessed characteristics of‘Jingxin No.5’and
C.ficifolia
,promoted water and fertilizer absorption,and could improve plant growth vigor,yield and quality.So double-stock was the best grafting combination.
Guide:
null
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 14-20 [
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1482
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692
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试验研究
21
Using Seed Protein SDS-PAGE to Identify Heat-resistant Radish Germplasm
ZHU Chang-zhi;LAI De-qiang;WU Bin;ZHANG Yan-yu;LIU Li-wang*
Seed proteins of 32 heat-resistant radish（
Raphanus sativus
L.）accessions were analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（SDS-PAGE）to estimate their polymorphism．A total of 41 protein bands were detected，of which 25（61 %）were polymorphic．Each accession could produce 28 to 39 protein bands，their profiles were different with each other and all accessions could be distinguished．These accessions could be clustered into two major groups of white and red roots at similarity index of 0.76 with UPGMA．The protein band similarity coefficient ranges from 0.64 to 0.98 and the average is 0.79．The results revealed that cluster analysis of seed protein was highly in accordance with radish root color，and low genetic diversity and narrow genetic basis existed in these heat-resistant radish accessions．
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 21-25 [
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1307
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651KB] (
839
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26
Promoting Effect of Salicylic Acid and Chitosan on Germination of Cucumber Seeds under NaCl Stress
ZHANG Zhi-gang;SHANG Qing-mao*
Cucumber（
Cucumis sativas
L.）'Jinyou No.1’was taken as experimental material and soaked in the liquor of 0.1 mmol
·
L
-1
SA and 50 mg
·
L
-1
CTS．The germination rate and activities of α-amylase，dehydrogenase，phosphatase were tested under NaCl stress．The germination rate and germination energy of cucumber seed were inhibited remarkably and decreased by 31.3 and 25.6 percentage point，respectively under NaCl stress compared with normal control．Single or mixture treatments of SA，CTS increased germination rate and enzymes activity under NaCl stress，while the effect of mixture treatment with SA，CTS was better than that of single SA，CTS．Its germination rate，activities of α-amylase，dehydrogenase，and phosphatase were increased by 19.2 percentage point，24.7 %，16.2 %，24.1 % compared with NaCl stress treatment．This indicated that SA and CTS could promote germination of cucumber seed under NaCl stress and have teamwork effect.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 26-29 [
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1433
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30
Alleviative Effect of Salicylic Acid on Growth Inhibition of Lettuce Seedling under Salt Stress
HE Jun-yu;REN Yan-fang
Taking lettuce（
Lactuca sativa
L.）as experimental material，this paper studies the alleviative effect of salicylic acid on growth inhibition of lettuce seedlings under stress with different salt concentrations．The results showed that SA pretreatment could increase the plant height，leaf area，root length and root surface area of lettuce seedlings under salt stress．Moreover，SA could enhance the CAT and APX activities in root obviously，reduce MDA content and relative electric conductivity significantly，and improve membrane stability．
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 30-35 [
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2967
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428KB] (
1144
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36
Relationship between Sensory Quality of Oriental Sweet Melon and Its Tissue Structure，Contents of Cellulose and Pulp Pectin
QI Hong-yan;LIU Yong;YI Ning-ning;ZHANG Jian-hong
Five oriental sweet melon（
Cucumis melo
var.
makuwa
Makino）cultivars of‘Yumeiren’，‘Longtian No.3’，‘Gaotianhuangjindao’，‘Japanese Tianbao’，‘Xiangshami’were used in the experiment．We identified fruit sensory qualities，observed paraffin section and measured cellulose and water-soluble pectin content in ripe fruits．The results indicate that fruits will have good sensory qualities with smaller section and bigger superficial area in epidermal cells，their parenchyma cells transit faster，and they are of more uniform round or nearly-round shape．Moreover，the cellulose contents are between 0.24 % to 0.28 % in ripe melon fruits，and they have lower soluble pectin，which contributes to good fruit sensory quality．In conclusion，the sensory qualities of oriental sweet melon have close relationship with tissue structure，cellulose and pectin content in ripe fruits，
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 36-40 [
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1551
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655KB] (
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41
Status of Soil Nutrients and Fertilization Suggestions Vegetable Fields in Guangdong
GUO Ju-xian;CHEN Qiong-xian*;CAO Jian;HE Xin-zhou;LI Qiang;LI Miao-han;GAO Hui-nan
The soils from the vegetable fields in Guangdong were sampled and analyzed in this study．The results indicated that the pH values of soil from different vegetable bases varied from 3.15 to 8.45，the average value was 5.71，and 77.09 percent of the analyzed soil were weakly acid．The contents of alkali dispelled nitrogen in all analyzed soil varied from 9 to 554 mg
·
kg
-1
，averaged 96.59 mg
·
kg
-1
，and 84.6 percent of them were lower than the medium level，which indicated that these soil need supplement of nitrogen．The contents of available phosphorus in soil varied from 1.03 to 1 075 mg
·
kg
-1
and averaged 63.59 mg
·
kg
-1
，which were at medium and high level．The contents of available potassium varied from 12.4 to 1 275 mg
·
kg
-1
and averaged 138.67 mg
·
kg
-1
，and 65.98 percent of the vegetable fields required to apply potassium fertilizer．The contents of commutative calcium in soil varied from 0.012 to 28.210 cmol
·
kg
-1
and averaged 8.96 cmol
·
kg
-1
．82.0 percent of the soil were abundant in calcium．There is no need to supply calcium．The contents of commutative magnesium varied from 0.23 to 8.58 cmol
·
kg
-1
and averaged 1.34 cmol
·
kg
-1
．77.58 percent of the vegetable fields were deficient in magnesium，thus magnesium fertilizer should be applied．In conclusion，the soil nutrients，such as nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，calcium，magnesium，in the different vegetable planting soils were imbalanced in Guangdong，and most vegetable fields were lack of nitrogen，potassium，and magnesium，but were rich in calcium contents．
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 41-45 [
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292KB] (
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46
Relationship between Root Rot Resistance and Phenylaprapanoid Metabolism in Graft Capsicum
JIANG Fei;LIU Ye-xia;LIU Wei;ZHENG Nan;WANG Hong-tao;AI Xi-zhen*
Changes of disease incidence and disease index of root rot in different rootstock varieties of capsicum（
Capsicum annuum
L.）were investigated by manual inoculation，with ‘Chifengtexuan’（
Capsicum annuum
L. var.
grossum
Bailey）as control．The result showed that‘Weishi’was taken sick later，and had the lowest disease incidence and disease index．This indicated it possessed strong disease resistance among the four rootstock varieties and the control．Effect of grafting on root rot resistance and phenylaprapanoid metabolism of capsicum were investigated with‘Chifengtexuan’scion grafted onto‘Weishi’rootstock．The own-root plant was acting as control．The results showed that the disease incidence and disease index of grafted plants were lower than those of CK，but higher than those of rootstock plants．Before inoculation，rootstock and grafted plants showed higher soluble sugar content and PAL activity in roots，but lower soluble sugar content and PAL activity in leaves，compared with the control．Similar phenolic compounds and lignin contents were found in roots and leaves of rootstock，grafted and control plants before inoculation．The soluble sugar content in roots of rootstock，grafted and control plants decreased gradually after inoculation，PAL activity，contents of phenolic compounds and lignin increased at earlier stage，but trended to stabilize or decrease 10 days later．Rootstock and grafted plants showed significantly higher PAL activity and contents of phenolic compounds and lignin in roots and leaves than the control plants．Soluble sugar content in roots of rootstock and grafted plants were also higher than that of the control plants，but in leaves were lower than the control plants．These data indicated that grafting could significantly increase the root rot resistance in capsicum，and its disease resistant mechanism is closely related to the increase of phenylaprapanoid metabolism.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 46-52 [
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1212
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398KB] (
817
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53
Evaluation of
Lycopersicon hirdutum
LYC4 for Resistance to Tomato Gray Mold
ZOU Qing-dao;ZHANG Zi-jun;LI Hai-tao*;ZHU Hua;LV Shu-wen;YANG Guo-dong;XU Ming
The resistance of
Lycopersicon hidutum
LYC4 to
Botrytis cinerea
was evaluated by inoculating spore suspension to seedlings，and leaf，stem，fruit segments．The results showed that the disease index was 0 in both seedlings and detached-leaves，the relative stem infection rate and fruit rot expansion rate were 0 and 5.7 %，respectively．For this reason，the
L. hirdutum
LYC4 is considered to be highly resistant to tomato gray mold.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 53-55 [
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1085
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315KB] (
834
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56
Antagonistic Effects of Endophytic Bacteria Strain Mg15 on
Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
niveum
in Watermelon
DU Li-li;MA Hong-yan;WANG Xue-zheng;LUAN Fei-shi*
17 strains of Endophytic bacteria were isolated from roots of healthy melon（MR-1）and 4 strains（Mg2，Mg9，Mg15，Mg16）of bacteria demonstrated antagonistic to Fusarium wilt by confrontation culture．According to the test on hyphae growing speed，Mg15 was found to have better inhibitation（77.09 %）to Fusarium wilt and even could cause deformation of Fusarium wilt．Besides，the bacteria fermentation broth with different concentration could also bring inhibition to germination of Fusarium wilt spores．There was only 7.86 % spore germination using the original fermentation broth，with little effect on budding of watermelon seeds.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 56-60 [
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690KB] (
809
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61
Initial Report about Prevention and Controlling of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus with 50 Mesh Insect Nets throughout Whole Growing Season
XU Fang-cheng;LIN Hui;LUO Li-min;LI Fang-fang;CHEN Wen-hua;LIN Ding-peng;
Tomato（
Lycopersicon esculentum
Mill.）seedlings were cultured by using 50 mesh insect nets covering + yellow board warming in advance + spraying insecticide timely．The results showed that the tomato seedlings grew neat and normally．It could isolate whitefly（
Bemisia tabaci
）effectively with average 12 per 100 plants whitefly adults．While in conventional land-based breeding，the whitefly adults could averaged 410 per 100 plants．The seedling spraying times were reduced by 4-5 times．The incidence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus（TYLCV）were 0.9 %-2.8 % with full coverage of 50 mesh insect nets，and the prevention and control effect were over 90 %．It can avoid economic losses of 6 329.5 Yuan per 667 m
2
．This technology was applied in Cangnan，Ryan，Ouhai of Wenzhou region in 2007-2009．It can prevent TYLCV successfully and the applied areas have reached more than 330 hm
2
.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 61-64 [
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65
Studies on
Liriomyza
sativae
Blanchard Selectivity to Plateau Summer Vegetables
LI Ya-li;YANG Yong-gang*;ZHANG Hua-sheng
Five point methods were used to investigate the number of feeding tunnels，rate of harmed leaves and insect index of
Liriomyza sativae
Blanchard damaging 29 varieties of plateau summer vegetables．The results indicated that there were significant differences in
Liriomyza sativae
Blanchard selectivity to their varieties．The most favourite vegetables of
Liriomyza sativae
Blanchard were
Trsum satrcum
and
Pisum sativum
，the next favorite were
Beassica pekinensis
and
Brassica oleracea
．Except few varieties，
Liriomyza sativae
Blanchard selectivity to
Trsum satrcum
was stronger than to
Pisum sativum
，and its selectivity to
Beassica pekinensis
was stronger than to
Brassica oleracea
．According to the number of feeding tunnels，rate of harmed leaves and insect index of
Liriomyza sativae
Blanchard，the varieties of plateau summer vegetables were divided into the most favorite，the next favorite and the least favorite 3 types.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 65-69 [
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1193
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295KB] (
791
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70
Primary Studies on Relationship between Environmental Factors and Watermelon Flesh Degeneration
YUAN Tian-cheng;NIE Lan-chun*;CAO Wen-long;ZHANG Jia-jun;MENG Run-fei
Primary studies on relationship between high temperature and humidity and soil water with watermelon〔
Citrullus lanatus
（Thunb.）Matsum.et Nakai〕flesh degeneration were conducted by covering plastic tunnel and different irrigation treatments．The results showed that under high temperature，both soil drought and high soil humidity could cause the increase of watermelon flesh degeneration index，and the flesh degeneration index under soil drought condition was the highest．The flesh degeneration index of the plants irrigated at the noon was 4-12 times of that irrigated in the morning．These results indicated that soil water was an important environmental cause for watermelon flesh degeneration．Soil drought or high soil humidity and irrigating at noon were causes for watermelon flesh degeneration．Besides，exposure under sun could also lead to watermelon flesh degeneration.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 70-72 [
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1057
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271KB] (
841
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73
Preliminary Studies on Undergrowth Defoliation as Soilless Seedling Substrate in Linzhi Region
WANG Zhong-hong;GUAN Zhi-hua;ZANG Jian-Cheng;LI Dan
Taking‘Beinong No.1’tomato（
Lylopersicon esculentum
Mill.）as material，the effects of different substrates as mushroom dregs，potent humus，former defoliation，fresh defoliation and nature soil on tomato seedling growth were studied．The results showed that the potent humus and mushroom dregs and former defoliation had significantly better effects on tomato seedling rate，plant height，stem diameter，root length，single dry and fresh stem weight，root/shoot ratio，stem/leaf ratio，fresh weight/dry weight ratio and leaves growth than the fresh defoliation and nature soil．Nature soil had better effect on plant height，stem diameter and leaves growth than the fresh defoliation．While the former defoliation had the characteristics of fine substrate for seedling.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 73-76 [
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1106
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293KB] (
751
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77
Effects of Grafting on Different Rootstocks on Wax Characteristics of Cucumber
WANG Tie-chen;WANG Hai-rong;LI Hong-ling;ZHAO Shi-chun;WANG Shi-kai
The effects of 17 different rootstocks on cucumber（
Cucumis sativus
L.）wax and yield were evaluated under winter greenhouse cultivation condition，using
Cucurbita ficifolia
Bouche. as the contrast．The results indicated that the 5 rootstocks，‘Jingxinzhen No.5 F1’，‘Guben’，‘Zhenguawang’，‘Huangguadadang’and‘Jintailang’had stronger dewaxing capability． The wax rate of these 5 rootstocks was below 10 %，and their yields were almost the same as
C. ficifolia
Bouche.，while the wax rate of using
C. ficifolia
Bouche. as rootstock was over 90 %.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 77-79 [
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1117
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260KB] (
1047
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品种选育
80
A New Tomato F
1
Hybrid with Resistance to TYLCV —‘Hangza No.301’
ZHENG Ji-rong;WANG Hui-li;WANG Jia-ming
‘Hangza No.301’is a new middle early maturity tomato F
1
hybrid，developed by crossing 9905-3-4-3-2-1-4-1-0 as female parent with 161-2-3-3-5-2-2-10-0 as male parent. It is a variety with indeterminate growth．Its first inflorescence is setting in 7-8 leaf nods．The matured fruit is red in color without shoulder．Its average single fruit weight is 170.92 g．Its fruit hardness is 1.05 kg
·
cm
-2
．It is good for storage and transportation．It has excellent quality．Its VC content is 198.0 mg
·
kg
-1
and licopene content is 53.4 mg
·
kg
-1
．The soluble solid content is 5.07 %．It is highly resistant to TYLCV．Its yield is 90 t
·
hm
-2
in spring greenhouse and 72 t
·
hm
-2
in autumn greenhouse．It can be cultivated in areas suffering seriously from TYLCV.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 80-82 [
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1151
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246KB] (
843
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83
New Tillering Onion F1 Hybrid —‘Zhucong No.1’
MA You-hui;CUI Cheng-ri*;JIA Tie-jin;XU Qi-jiang;CUI Lian-wei
‘Zhucong No.1’is a new tillered-onion hybrid bred by crossing male sterile line MB01-79A with inbred line WMF01-06C．It is suitable for growing under middle-short day light and lower temperature．Its maturity requires 130-140 days．Its leaves keep green color about 10 days longer than the conventional cultivar．It has stronger resistance to rot disease．Its skin is purple red in color and it has hard texture．A plant has 2-4 bulbs and the single bulb is 3.5 cm in diameter，3.8 cm in height and 15 g in weight．Its average yield is about 36 t
·
hm
-2
．It is suitable for spring planting in provinces of Heilongjiang，Jilin and Inner Mongolia.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 83-85 [
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1699
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318KB] (
889
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86
A New Hami Melon F
1
Hybrid —‘Xinmi No.42’
DENG Zhi-bin;WANG Jian-yu;DU Zhen-zhi
‘Xinmi No.42’is a new F
1
hybrid Hami melon variety bred by taking inbred line 2001-7-5 as female parent and inbred line 2001-30-3 as male parent．It is a mid maturing variety．The growing period is about 90 days．The fruit is long oval-shaped，and the shape index is 1.6．Its center soluble solid is above 14 %．The average fruit weight is about 3.5 kg．In open fields，its average yield is about 42 t
·
hm
-2
．It has strong resistance to powdery mildew in the field．It is suitable for cultivation in open fields in Hami melon production areas in China．
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 86-87 [
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1181
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225KB] (
717
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88
A New Cucumber F
1
Hybrid —‘Xinhuanggua No.3’
CHEN Yuan-liang;LIU Xin-yu;LI Shu-xian;ZHANG Yang
‘Xinhuanggua No.3’is a new hybrid cucumber variety bred by crossing Y99-2-58-6 inbred line as female parent and Y99-5-61-8 inbred line as male parent．It grows vigorously and matures early．It takes sixty to 60-65 days from sowing to mature．Most of the fruits set on main stem．The first female flower is setting on the fifth node．Later on，there is a female flower setting on every 2 to 3 node．Its fruits develop very fast．The fruits are dark green in color with many white thorn on their surfaces．The stem of the fruits is very short．The whole fruit is about 32 cm in length and 3.5 cm in width．The average single fruit weight is about 200 g and the yield is over 105 t
·
hm
-2
．This variety is resistant to Fuasarium wilt，downy mildew and powdery mildew than‘Dongguanxianfeng’in the field．It is suitable for growing in greenhouses，big or small plastic shed，etc. protected fields．It has been extended to Xinjiang with total area about 50 hm
2
.
2010 Vol. 1 (08): 88-89 [
Abstract
] (
1021
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0KB] [
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218KB] (
784
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