During‘The Thirteenth Five-year Plan’period，important progress on cabbage genetic
breeding in China was achieved．A number of new and novel germplasm resources was created．Some genes/
QTLs associated with important agronomic traits were mapped or cloned．A batch of new cabbage varieties with
good quality and multiple resistances was developed．This paper summarized the important research progress
in recent 5 years from the aspects of germplasm innovation，mapping/cloning of genes/QTLs with important
agronomic traits，and breeding of new varieties，etc．The paper also analyzed the main problems existing in
present cabbage breeding and the development direction in future．

During‘The Thirteenth Five-year Plan’period，significant progress has been achieved on
genetic breeding of Chinese cabbage〔Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis（Lour）Olsson〕in China．
A number of novel breeding materials with outstanding resistance to new epidemic diseases and composite
resistance has been obtained by widely applying techniques combining conventional breeding，markerassisted
breeding DH and high throughput MAS breeding in cabbage breeding programs．A batch of new
Chinese cabbage varieties with high taste quality and diversified product types has been released and applied
in production．In addition，the basic research for application in China has been in the international leading
level．This paper systematically summarized the important progress obtained on applied basic research，
breeding technique research，germplasm innovation and new variety selective breeding of Chinese cabbage
during 2016-2020．The paper also discussed and analyzed the changes in industry，existing problems and the
development direction in future．

During ‘The Thirteenth Five-year Plan’，the genetic breeding of broccoli in China has
been quickly developed．A batch of broccoli new varieties and breeding resources with excellent traits has
been selected and bred．The bottleneck problem in seed production based on male sterility has been broken
through．So far，the market-share of broccoli new cultivars bred in China has grown up to 15.36% from
insufficient 5% in 2010．At the same time，the applying basic research in China developed rapidly，our genetic
breeding technology of broccoli has reached the international advanced level．This paper reviewed the research
achievement and progress made in China since 2016 from the aspects of broccoli germplasm innovation，new
cultivars selective breeding，breeding technologies，etc．The paper also put forward the existing potential
problems and future development trend for broccoli industry．

Tobamovirus is one of the most important viruses harming pepper production in China．In
recent years，damages by pepper mild mottle virus（PMMoV） has become more and more serious．The L
allelic genes（ L¹，L²，L³，L⁴） are the main resistant genes providing resistance against Tobamovirus．In order
to improve the Tobamovirus and PVY resistance of pepper varieties，this experiment took‘ CM334’（ with
resistance to PVY，containing Pvr4 gene）and imported material ‘200375’（with resistantce to PMMoV，
containing L⁴ gene）as resistant resources，and sweet pepper inbred line‘ 83-163’（ medium resistance
to Phytophthora blight and CMV）as backcross parents，and conducted multi-generation backcross and
selfing．Utilizing molecular marker-assisted selection（MAS）combined with seedling resistance identification
and morphological selection，this experiment at last obtained the early-maturing，large fruit sweet pepper
selfing line ‘PT83-163’，polymerizing 2 resistance genes L⁴ and Pvr4，both resistant to Tobamovirus and
PVY（medium resistant to epidemic disease and CMV，containing resistant gene Pvr4 and L⁴）．By artificial
inoculation identification，line‘ PT83-163’ was resistance to disease and its horticultural traits were comparable
to that of the inbred line‘83-163’．

Taking 2 tomato varieties‘Dongnong 708’（‘DN 708’） sensitive to low temperature and
‘Dongnong 722’（‘DN 722’）tolerant to low temperature as test materials，this paper studied the effects
of 24-epibrassinolide（EBR）on tomato growth and potassium accumulation under sub-low temperature
condition．The results showed that comparing with the suitable temperature，low temperature stress could
inhibit the seedling growth of these 2 tomato varieties，and remarkably reduce the maximum photochemical
efficiency of PSII （F_v/F_m），and K⁺ concentrations in stems and leaves，and significantly increase the
malondialdehyde（MDA）content and electrolyte permeability．Moreover，the effects of sub-low temperature
stress on‘DN 708’was greater than that on‘DN 722’．While，exogenous EBR effectively alleviated
the inhibition of sub-low temperature stress on tomato seedling growth，significantly improved F_v/F_m，K⁺
concentrations in roots，stems and leaves of these 2 tomato varieties，and increased relative expression levels of
LKT1，SIHAK5 and SIHAK9 genes in roots and leaves，and significantly reduced MDA content and electrolyte
permeability in seedlings of these 2 tomato varieties．And the variation range in‘DN 708’was greater
than that in‘DN 722’．To sum up，exogenous EBR may increase the K⁺ concentration in various organs of
tomato seedlings by promoting the expression of transport related genes and K+ absorption，reduce the degree
of cell membrane peroxidation，and enhance the adaptability of tomato seedlings to sub-low temperatures
condition．Thus，exogenous EBR has a greater mitigation effect on low temperature sensitive tomato variety‘ DN
708’ under sub-low temperature stress than low temperature tolerant tomato variety‘ DN 722’．

Taking 28 different types germplasm resources of welsh onion as research objects，this paper
selected 9 major traits at bolting and flowering stages of welsh onion as evaluation indexes on bolting nature，
and conducted comprehensive evaluation on welsh onion bolting nature by principal component clustering
analysis，average membership degree and bolting index methods．The results showed that the factors with
bigger contribution to principal component of welsh onion bolting nature were initial bolting date，early
flowering date，number of leaves and bolting speed．Their cumulative contribution rate reached 58.93%．
Specially，initial bolting date had higher correlation with the other indexes，which could be the leading
indicators for bolting nature evaluation．The bolting nature of different welsh onion germplasm resources could
be distinguished effectively by principal component clustering analysis，average membership degree and bolting
index methods．Among them，the average membership degree and bolting index methods could provide more
visual and clear partition on bolting nature of welsh onion germplasm resources．These 2 methods had similar
results．But the former’s merit was comprehensive，and the latter’s merit was simple and convenient．

Ten kinds of full biodegradation films with different specifications were introduced and tested
on stem lettuce production．Their effects on yield were studied．The results showed that except ‘Shanghai
black 6’，the other degradable films had no significant effect on stem lettuce yield comparing with the ordinary
polyethylene film．But there was the tendency of yield decreasing along with the decrease of film thickness．
The thinner the film thickness was，the faster the degradation rate was．The time duration for black degradation
film entering into induction period was generally earlier than that of the white one．Comprehensively seen from
film degradation status and stem lettuce yield，full biodegradation film‘ Yunnan white 10’ was the most suitable
film mulching for stem lettuce cultivation in early spring．

Taking phosphate-solubilizing circle method and soluble phosphorus content determination
method，this experiment screened out PSM-5 strain with stronger phosphate-solubilizing ability from Arctium
lappa L. rhizosphere soil and optimized the phosphate-solubilizing conditions on screened strains．The results
indicated that the strain PSM-5 was tentatively identified as Bacillus subtilis，and after optimization the optimal
conditions for phosphate solubilization were initial 3.79 pH value，28.46 ℃ fermentation temperature and 10.46
g · L^-1 salinity．These results have provided phosphate-solubilizing bactericide for next step development of
bio-organic fertilizer dedicated for Arctium lappa L．

Taking 3 types of pakchoi〔Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis（L.）Makino var. communis
Tsen et Lee〕with different bolting ability as test material，this experiment adopted different low temperature
and illumination to induce vernalization on seedlings，and studied the effects of 9 vernalization combinations
on vegetative mass，bolting，blooming and seed quality of pakchoi．The results showed that the maximum
differences in plant open width degree among different vernalization combinations in early，medium and late
bolting types were 17.1，6.3 and 6.5 times．And the maximum differences in single plant weight were 5.6，
2.8 and 2.9 times，respectively．The flowering date of each bolting type were significantly ahead of schedule，
along with the increase of vernalization days number．For the early bolting，medium bolting and late bolting
types，the maximum differences of flowering date between the different vernalization combinations of early
bolting and medium bolting types were 54，39 and 36 days．For the early bolting and medium bolting types，
the average single plant seed weight and germination rates were the best，when the vernalization treatments
were happened on 20-20，20-25，respectively．By adjusting bolting anthesis and seed collecting stage，
breeding generation-adding link and normal breeding cycle were complete articulation，thus realizing the
breeding target of 2 generations one year for pakchoi in southern Zhejiang areas．

This paper developed an analytical method for detection of cyantraniliprole and pymetrozine
residues in pumpkin，and studied the digestion dynamic rule and final residues of cyantraniliprole·pymetrozine
water dispersible granules in pumpkin from Hebei and Zhejiang Provinces．The samples were extracted
with acetonitrile，purified by N-propyl ethylenediamine（PSA）and determined by liquid chromatography
tandem mass spectrometry．The results showed that the limit of quantification（ LOQ） of cyantraniliprole
and pymetrozine in pumpkin samples were 0.01 mg · kg^-1 and 0.005 mg · kg^-1．The addition recovery
rate of cyantraniliprole in the range of 0.01-1.0 mg · kg^-1 was 100%-104%．The addition recovery rate of
pymetrozine in the range of 0.005-0.5 mg·kg^-1 was 96%-107%．The residue digestion rules of cyantraniliprole
and pymetrozine in pumpkin were all conformed to the first-order kinetics process．The final residue of
cyantraniliprole in pumpkin was ≤ 0.031 mg · kg^-1，and the final residue of pymetrozine was ≤ 0.023 mg ·
kg^-1．The recommended dosage by enterprise was 450 and 675 g·hm^-2，and the safe interval was 14 days．
Pumpkin fruits during harvesting period were safe to eat．

Grey mold is an important disease for leek cultivation in protected fields．Five Trichoderma
strains were selected and sprayed on leek seedling and field control experiment was carried out on leek gray
mold．The results showed that the control effects of Trichoderma atroviride 20111，T. harzianum C61，T.
harzianum LTR-2，T. harzianum 21990 and T. atroviride 23617 were 13.62%，68.93%，64.00%，91.72%
and 87.23%，respectively．Among them，T. harzianum 21990 had the best control effect．On this basis，
a cooperative control test on Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus subtilis was carried out．The results indicated that
spraying T. harzianum 21990 mixed with water before covering the leek planted shelter，then spraying Bacillus
subtilis when the leek grew up to about 5 cm in height，the field control effect could reach 74.07%．

‘Guiguan No.5’is a F1 hybrid of Luffa angustifolia developed by crossing inbred line‘B05-
13-2’as female parent and inbred line‘A10-12-3-7’as male parent．The plant has strong growth vigor and
strong branching ability．Both its main and lateral vines can bear melon．It is of early maturity．The first
female flower sets on the 12-13th node in spring，but on 16-18th node in autumn．It takes 65-68 days from
sowing to first harvest in spring and 45-47 days in autumn．The commercial melon is of short stick shape．Its
rind is green with spots on the surface．The melon is 35-38 cm in length，5.0-5.2 cm in diameter．The single
fruit weight is 310-350 g．Its flesh is white in color and tastes tender and sweet．The yield is 52.5-58.5 t · hm^-2．
Its resistances to downy mildew，powdery mildew and bacterial angular spot in fields are stronger than that of
the contrast‘Guilinbalingua’ ．It is suitable for planting in spring，summer and autumn in Southern China．

‘Qianla No.10’is a new pickled pepper F₁ hybrid developed by crossing cytoplasm male sterile
line‘8719A’as female parent and inbred line‘87-22-3C’as male parent．It is of early maturity，and
takes about 170 days for whole growth period．The plant has strong growth vigor and continuous fruit setting
ability．Its fruit grows upward，and is of orbicular．The fruit is about 2.0 cm in length，and about 2.9 cm in
width．The average single fruit weight is 11.2 g．Its VC content is 1 505 mg · kg^-1．The capsaicin content is
114 mg · kg^-1．In fields，its resistance to anthracnose is stronger than that of the contrast‘Meijiangmingzhu’．
This variety can yield about 22.5 t · hm^-2 fresh pepper．It is suitable to be planted in Zunyi，Bijie，Anshun，
Guiyang，and states of Qiannan，Qianxi’nan of Yunnan-Kweichow plateau areas in spring．

‘Jingying’is a new early maturity，high quality，tolerance to cracking and long-time
storage mini-watermelon F₁ hybrid， developed by crossing selfing line‘XM’as female parent and selfing
line‘HX3’as male parent．The plant has strong growth vigor and is easily bearing fruit under low temperature
after grafting．It takes about 90 days for whole growth period and 30-35 days for fruit development stage．
Its fruit is of elliptical shape with dark green rind，narrow stripes on the green peel．The single fruit weight
is about 2.0 kg．Its flesh is even red in color．The central sugar content is 12%-13%，the highest one can
reach 15.7%．The pericarp is thin and tenacious．The flesh is anti-cracking and anti-dehydration，crisp with
good taste and long-time storage tolerance．Its shelf life can reach 15 days．The yield is about 52.5 t · hm^-2．
It is suitable for high-quality cultivation in protected fields all over China and for long-distance transportation．

‘Jinnuo No.20’is a new black waxy corn F₁ hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘Tian
BN’as female parent and inbred line‘chN1’as male parent．Its ear is of cylindrical shape．The maize
cob and kernels are purple black in color．In northern production areas，its growth period is about 91 days．
The plant height is 279 cm，ear position height is 127 cm．Its ear is 20.5 cm in length，4.8 cm in thickness．
There are 16 head progeny rows．The amylopectin holds 99.09% of the total starch content．The fresh ear yield
is about 14.1 t · hm^-2．It is medium resistant to leaf blight and gall smut．In the southern production areas，
its growth period is about 76 days．The plant height is 225 cm and ear position height is 86 cm．Its ear is
17.2 cm in length，4.9 cm in thickness．There are 14-16 head progeny rows．The amylopectin holds 98.30%
of the total starch content．The fresh ear yield is about 12.0 t · hm^-2．It is medium resistant to corn sheath
blight．It is suitable for planting in the northern regions of Jilin，Inner Mongolia，Hebei，Shanxi，etc.，and
in the southern regions of Zhejiang，Jiangxi，Fujian，Hainan，etc．

During‘The Thirteenth Five-year Plan’period（2016-2020），greenhouse vegetable
production has maintained a good development trend in China．The production areas were stable，equipment
and technology levels were remarkably upgraded．The products output，quality and benefit were continually
improved．This paper analyzed the development status of greenhouse vegetable industry and technology
during the past 5 years in China；and summarized the key science and technology accomplishments in growth
and development of greenhouse vegetables，regulation technology and stress resistance mechanism，plant
diseases and insect pests resistance mechanism，safety production technology，efficient utilization of water
and nutrients，quality formation and superior quality control and regulation，facility types and equipment，
etc. Finally，on the basis of analyzing the protruding problems existed in greenhouse vegetable production
and scientific research，this paper explored the development direction for greenhouse vegetable industry and
scientific research in China：insist on taking market as orientation，science and technology as support，
establishing a perfect，meet the needs of the ages，morden greenhouse vegetable industry system．

In recent years，Chinese protected vegetable（CPV）soils have degenerated widespreadly．
The soil is firm and compacted，with secondary salinization，imbalanced nutrient，heavy metals pollution and
increased soil borne diseases，etc．At present，although studies on soil CPV properties of protected vegetable
fields in China have made significant progress，most studies primarily focused on the single index in terms
of soil physical，chemical and biological properties，and microorganism characters，etc．While，studies
on comprehensive evaluation of soil quality is lacking．This paper reviewed the internal and external studies
related to soil quality of protectes vegetable fields；and comprehensively analyzed the soil quality of protected
vegetable fields on the basis of combining soil physical，chemical and biological properties．Besides，the
paper also briefly introduced the soil over all quality evaluation methods，hoping to provide references for indepth
evaluation on soil quality of protected vegetable fields．

TCP is a class of transcription factors unique to plants and plays an important role in plant
growth and development．Selecting 18 TCP members highly expressed in tomato leaf tissue，this study detected
their expression levels at different development stages；and screened out 10 TCP family members related to
leaf blades development process，including SlTCP2，SlTCP4，SlTCP8，SlTCP11，SlTCP14，SlTCP15，
SlTCP19，SlTCP22，SlTCP24，SlTCP25，etc.．Then bioinformatic analysis was performed on them．The
results indicated that these 10 SlTCPs members were distributed in 8 different chromosomal locations．There
were relatively larger differences in their length of basic group，amino acid and molecular weight．And all
of the TCPs were unstable hydrophilic proteins．Analysis of SITCPs protein structure and element indicated
that in center about 50aa length amino acid sequences were relatively well conserved．Moreover，serine took
relatively larger proportion．The site prediction of SlTCPs protein subcellular fraction were all localized on the
nucleus．The above mentioned SlTCPs protein all contained the conserved domains of typical TCP family．
Its classification of conserved motif was consistent with the branching of phylogenetic tree．Results of tissue
expression analysis showed that SlTCP11，SlTCP15 and SlTCP24 all had relatively higher expression levels
in different tissues and organs at each stage．Using typical tomato leaf shape mutant materials LA2922 and
LA2532 and their corresponding wild types，this experiment conducted qRT-PCR．The results indicated that
the expression levels of SlTCP2，SlTCP11，SlTCP14，SlTCP15，SlTCP19 and SlTCP24 in leaf blades of
LA2922 and LA2532 were in the opposit direction．Combining with the results of bioinformation analysis，it
was specified that SlTCP2，SlTCP11，SlTCP14，SlTCP15，SlTCP19，and SlTCP24 might play a key role in
the development of tomato leaf shape．This has laid foundation for further explorating the molecular mechanism
of tomato leaf blades growth and development．

Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will reduce crop quality and harm environment．
How to reduce the nitrogen fertilizer applying dosage without reduction of output has become an issue urgently
to be solved for agriculture development．Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi（AMF） plays a positive role in
promoting plant nutrient absorption，growth and development，and yet has the potential of replacing nitrogen
fertilizer．Taking lettuce（Lactuca sativa L. var. ramose Hort.） and spinach（ Spinacia oleracea L.） as research
objects，this experiment set up 8 treatments with different nitrogen fertilizer dosage and 5 treatments with
different AMF use level，respectively．This experiment screened out the best dosages of pure nitrogen fertilizer
for lettuce and spinach growth being 6.0 kg · hm^-2 and 8.0 kg · hm^-2，respectively and the best use level of
AMF were 200 g · kg^-1 and 175 g · kg^-1，respectively．Then AMF was used to replace the nitrogen fertilizer in
different proportions．Afterwards，the paper studied the effect of AMF on reducing nitrogen fertilizer dosage
in lettuce and spinach．The results showed that under the condition of substrate cultivation and on the premise
of not reducing lettuce and spinach fresh weight，adding 200 g · kg^-1 and 175 g · kg^-1 AMF，respectively could
reduce 40% and 60% nitrogen fertilizer dosage in lettuce and spinach production，respectively．That is，the
nitrogen fertilizer dosages were 3.6 kg · hm^-2 for lettuce and 3.2 kg · hm^-2 for spinach，their plant growth were
unaffected．The experiment result provided a new way for reducing nitrogen fertilizer application in lettuce and
spinach and for high-quality cultivation as well．

Under the condition of root restriction cultivation，taking normal drainage （20-EC1.6
treatment）as the contrast，this paper measured tomato growth indexes,leaf photosynthetic parameters，
fruit commodity characters，related metabolic enzymes and primary metabolites，etc. under the conditions of
minimal drainage（0-EC1.6 treatment） and increasing nutrient solution concentration（0-EC1.6-2.4 treatment）
or adding NaCl（0-EC1.6-2.4Na treatment） and studied the effect of extremely low drainage rate（ELDR）
and nutrient concentration regulating on tomato fruit quality．The results showed that ELDR could significantly
inhibit tomato plant stem thickening，leaf extension and fruit expanding，decreased leaf net photosynthetic
rate（Pn），stomatal conductance（Gs），intercellular CO₂ concentration（Ci），transpiration rate（Tr），
single fruit weight and yield per plant．However，the contents of soluble solid matter，VC，lycopene，
polyphenols，free amino acid and glucose/malic acid，fructose/citric acid in fruit were significantly increased，
while the percentage of non-commercial fruit was decreased．ELDR combined with increasing nutrient solution
concentration could further increase the contents of soluble solid matter, amino acid and its ramification
（5-L-glutamyl-L-alanine），phenolic acid（coumaric aldehyde）and glucose/malic acid；and reduced noncommercial
fruit rate．ELDR could significantly increase the activities of invertin and sucrose synthase，which
were further remarkably increased by increasing nutrient solution concentration．Thus，catalytic decomposition
of sucrose was made to produce glucose and fructose．Comprehensively considering various indexes，0-EC1.6-2.4
was the optimum treatment for improving tomato fruit quality under root restriction cultivation condition．

In order to establish a precise water and fertilizer management mode for pepper bag culture in
solar greenhouse in Northern Shaanxi region，this experiment took‘Lafei 78-9’as test material；adopted
matrix bag culture method，and took water demand of single plant as standard；set up 5 nutrient solution supply
frequencies as once in one day，once in 2 days，once in 3 days，6 times in 3 days，and 4 times in 3 days；and
studied the effects of different nutrient solution supply frequency on yield，fruit quality and water use efficiency
of pouched overwinter pepper in solar greenhouse．The results showed that the treatment of supplying nutrient
solution for 6 times in 3 days and suplying nutrient solution once a day had obtained higher pepper yield．
Which were 10 161.66 kg · hm^-2 and 10 062.98 kg · hm^-2 ，respectively．The contents of reducing sugar，
VC and free amino acids in fruit treated with nutrient solution once a day were higher than those by the other
treatments．Besides，the water use efficiency by this treatment was also the highest（77.99 kg · m^-3）．The
yield，fruit quality and water use efficiency of pepper were evaluated by Topsis comprehensive method．The
results showed that the fitting degree was the highest when the nutrient solution was supplied once a day，
reaching 0.858．In conclusion，the comprehensive effect of supplying nutrient solution once a day is the best
for pepper bag culture in solar greenhouse Northern Shaanxi region．

In order to investigate the relationship between nutrient solution concentration and tomato fruit
comprehensive qualty under substrate cultivation condition in solar greenhouse，this paper took‘Fentailang’as test
material；set up 4 treatments including conventional nutrient solution concentration（CK），130% of the nutrient solution
concentration of the CK（T1），150% of the nutrient solution concentration of the CK（T2）and 200% nutrient solution
concentration of the CK（T3）；and studied the effects of different nutrient solution concentrations on 12 quality indexes
of tomato fruit．The results showed that along with the increase of nutrient solution concentration，the single tomato fresh
fruit weight and dry weight，fruit shape index，fruit hardness，sugar-acid ratio，soluble solids content，VC content and
soluble protein content of tomato fruits showed a changing tendency of first increasing then decreasing．The soluble sugar
content and nitrate content showed a linear increasing tendency．The paper carried out comprehensive evaluation using
principal component analysis and obtained the synthesis score as T2 ＞ T1 ＞ T3 ＞ CK．The comprehensive quality of
tomato fruit was the best when treated with 150% of the conventional nutrient solution concentration．

Taking cucumber varieties ‘Daiduoxing’ and ‘Chunqiuwang’ as test materials，this paper
carried out seedling and cultivation experiment using commercial rock wool strip and coco coir strip，
respectively；and studied the effects of different cultivation substrates on cucumber growth，photosynthesis，
yield and fruit quality．The results showed that after the first true leaf unfolded 26 days the stem diameter and
the 2nd to 4th leaf area of cucumber seedlings cultured in coco coir substrate were all higher than that of cucumber
seedlings cultured in rock wool substrate．Cucumber plants grown in coco coir substrate had significantly higher
net photosynthetic rate（Pn），stomatal conductance（Gs） and yield of signal plant（ 25 days after harvest） than
that of the plant cultured in rock wool substrate．And also the ratio of cucumber fruit dry matter weight in total
dry matter was higher．The contents of soluble sugar and VC in cucumber cultivated in coco coir substrate were
higher than that of the cucumber cultivated in rock wool substrate. In conclusion，coco coir substrate could
promote the growth of cucumber by certain degree and obtain higher fruit quality．Commercial coco coir was
suitable in its popularization and application in greenhouse for cucumber seedling and production．

Aiming at the problems existed in current design and construction of solar greenhouses，
including poor thermal accumulation capacity in wall，low land utilization rate，shortage of soil resources
and slow construction speed，etc.，this paper innovatively designed a prefabricated solar greenhouse actively
accumulating thermal by water module（GH1）．The paper also conducted measurement and comparetive
analysis on the indoor temperature，ground temperature and relative humidity between GH1 and ordinary solar
greenhouse（GH2）．The results showed that during the consecutive sunny days，the highest temperature at
day time and lowest temperature of GH1 were 1.2 ℃ and 1.8 ℃ higher than that of GH2，respectively．And the
average temperature at night was 1.2 ℃ higher，and average ground temperature of GH1 was 1.5 ℃ higher than
that of GH2．During consecutive cloudy days，the average day time temperature of GH1 was 5.3 ℃ higher
than that of GH2，4.0 ℃ higher at night，and average ground temperature was 2.0 ℃ higher．During extreme
weather，the average temperature of GH1was 4.8 ℃ higher than that of GH2，and average ground temperature
was 1.8 ℃ higher than that of GH2．The test results for 31 consecutive days showed that the average minimum
temperature of GH1was 1.1 ℃ higher than that of GH2，and average night temperature was 3.8℃ higher than
that of GH2．When it is sunny，the average relative humidity of GH1 was 14.7 percentage point lower than
that of GH2．And when it was cloudy，it was 4.1 percentage point lower than that of GH2．In summary，the
technical scheme for solar greenhouse actively accumulating thermal by water module is feasible, and its overall
thermal accumulation performance is obviously better than that of the ordinary solar greenhouses．Especially
under consecutive cloudy and extreme rain and snow conditions，it can maintain a higher indoor temperature
and ground temperature．

‘Longlyu No.2’is a new North China-type cucumber F₁ hybrid developed by crossing inbred
line‘332-5’as female parent and inbred line‘1061’as male parent．It is of early maturity．The plant is of
medium growth vigor．Its fruits are mainly setting on the main vine．The first female flower sets on around the
4th section of the main vine．The female flower producing rate is high．Its fruit is of rodlike shape，about 33-
35 cm in length．The peel is dark green in color and covered by denser white spines．Its flesh is light green in
color．The commercial fruit rate is high．It is highly resistant to powdery mildew，downy mildew and resistant
to Fusarium wilt．Its VC content is 129.0 mg · kg^-1．It can yield about 27 t · hm^-2 in earlier stage，and about
75 t · hm^-2 in total output．It is suitable for cultivation in open and protected fields in Northeast China and Inner
Mogolia region．

‘Mingjiao No.13’is a new early maturing thin-skinned pepper F₁ hybrid developed by crossing
inbred line‘m124-2-4-3-3’as female parent and inbred line‘f23-4-5-2-1’as male parent．The plant has
strong growth vigor．Its plant height is about 65 cm．The first flower sets on the 6-8th node．It takes about 45
days from fix planting to first harvesting．The fruit is of linear shape，straight and bright．Its fruit is 26-30 cm
in length，1.2-1.5 cm in width，and about 0.15 cm in thickness．The single fruit weight is 26-32 g．Its unripe
fruit is green in color，and ripe one is red in color．The VC content is 1 680 mg · kg^-1，capsaicin content is
3 721 SHU，and crude fiber content is 0.08%．In fields，its resistances to viral disease，bacterial wilt and
anthracnose are stronger than that of the contrast‘Lafeng No.3’．It can yield about 37.5 t · hm^-2．It is suitable
for spring and autumn cultivation in protected fields of Fujian Province．

‘Ningjiao No.3’is a new mid-early maturity pepper F₁ hybrid developed by crossing inbred
line‘9970’as female parent and inbred line‘9861’as male parent．Its growing perid is about 186 days．
The plant has strong growth vigor．The plant is about 72 cm in height．The first flower sets on the 8-9th nodes．
Its fruit is of long sheephorn shape with even fold surface．The fruit is 25-29 cm in length，about 3.2 cm in
width，and about 0.25 cm in thickness．The average single fruit weight is about 66．The unmatured fruit is
dark green in color and matured one is red in color．The VC content is 1 792.4 mg · kg^-1，dry matter content
is 11.6%，and the total capsaicin content is 0.052 g · kg^-1．Its resistances in field to epidemic disease，virus
disease and powdery mildew are stronger than that of the contrast‘Longjiao No.3’．It can yield about 69 t ·
hm^-2．It is suitable for planting in open field and protected field in Ningxia and areas with similar environmental
conditions．

‘Tangqin No.1’is a new celery cultivar for protected cultivation，developed by sexual
hybridization between inbred line‘J01-1-2’as female parent and inbred line‘F10-2’as male parent，
through continuous directional selection of 5 generations．The plant has strong growth vigor with compact and
upright plant type．The average plant height is 78.6 cm．The first petiole is yellow-green in color with 38.5
cm in length，and 2.3 cm in width．In fields，its resistances to spot blight and leaf spot are stronger than that
of the contrast‘Rifeng No.1’．The VC content is 65.5 mg · kg^-1，soluble sugar content is 3.49%，and coarse
fiber content is 0.67%．The single plant weight is about 0.6 kg．It can yield about 120 t · hm^-2．It is suitable
for protected cultivation in autumn and winter in North and Northeast region of China．