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| Effect of Wheat Straw Returning to Fields on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Yield of Zizania latifolia |
| SHANG Xiaolan1，ZHU Weijing2，WEI Jiqian1，YAO Yanlai2，HONG Chunlai2，HONG Leidong2，ZHU Fengxiang2，WANG Weiping2* |
| （1Hangzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center，Hangzhou 310019，Zhejiang，China；2Institute of Environmental Resources，Soil and Fertilizer，Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Hangzhou 310021，Zhejiang，China） |
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Abstract In order to explore the effects of different treatments of returning wheat straw to fields on soil physical and chemical properties，water quality changes in surface water，water bamboo yield and quality under water-dry rotation mode of wheat and Zizania latifolia，this study took conventional base fertilizer as
the contrast and set up 5 fertilizer treatments，including base fertilizer and full straw returning to fields，base fertilizer plus straw manure（straw compost）returning to fields，straw compost returning to fields and slowrelease fertilizer replacing conventional fertilizer application，and routine chemical fertilizer application reduced by 20%．The results showed that different treatments of returning wheat straw to fields had little influence on soil pH and total nitrogen content after Z. latifolia harvest．Soil EC value，alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium contents after full amount of straw returning to fields were the highest．Compared with the contrast，the straw manure returning to fields could significantly increase soil organic matter content and increase Z. latifolia yield，but the quality of Z. latifolia were not significantly different．Soil contents of alkalihydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium treated with straw compost and slow-release fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer were significantly lower than that of the contrast，but the yield of Z. latifolia was the highest．The content of soil available phosphorus in the treatment of reduction of base fertilizer application was significantly higher than that in the contrast．And there were also no remarkable influence on yield and quality of Z. latifolia．The result of sampling and testing the surface water of Z. latifolia fields showed that at different growth stages the changing trend of pH，COD，total phosphorus and total potassium in surface water of each treatment was basically the same，and the content of nitrate nitrogen was lower than the detection limit（0.5 mg · L-1）．Wheat straw returning to fields had no effect on surface water pollution in Z. latifolia fields．To sum up，wheat straw returning to fields，bamboo and rice field-upland field rotation can be used for improving soil fertility，increasing yield and controlling pollution from non-point sources．
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Received: 15 August 2022
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