Quality and Safety Status of Vegetables Produced in Protected Facilities in Northern China and Analysis of Existing Problems
LIAN Qing-long，ZHANG Yue-feng*，DING Xiao-ming，LU Shao-wei，TIAN Jing，MA Ning，LI Shao，BAO Shun-shu
（Institute of Facility Agriculture，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering，Key Laboratory of Farm Building in Structure and Construction，Ministry of Agriculture，Beijing 100125，China）
This paper studied the present status of safe facility vegetable production in northern China，and analyzed existing problems and major factors affecting quality and safety of facility vegetable production，by on-spot field investigation of vegetable production site，special interview with experts of fercility，and real-time inspection of environment inside of facility，etc．The results indicated that the farmer households invesgated were mainly planting tomato，cucumber and hot pepper，and harvested 2-3 times annually．In the eastern developed regions at northern China，the average annual application amounts of chemical fertilizer and farm manure were over 6.67 kg·hm-2 and above 1.07 m3·hm-2，respectively，the ratio was high as 65.5% and 72.4%，respectively．Irrigation and fertilizing were mainly flood irrigation and fertilization with water，accounting 58.6% and 93.1%，respectively．As for insecticide application，about 41.7% farm housholds applyied 1.33-2.67 kg·hm-2（drug and water combined）each time．Compared with the eastern region，the western underdeveloped regions in northern China，the average annual application amounts of chemical fertilizer and farm manure were 5.40-6.67 kg·hm-2and 0.40-0.67 m3·hm-2，respectively．The ratio was all 41.4%．Irrigation and fertilizing were mostly drip irrigation and fertilization with water，accounting 75.9% and 96.6%，respectively. About 46.7% of the farmer housholds applied the dosage 1.33-2.67 kg·hm-2（drug and water combined）each time．During harvest season，over 90% farmer households harvested vegetables after the pesticide safety interval．So the overall product pesticide residues were in the safe and controllable range．The greenhouse environment was important factor affecting the occurrence of pest and disease on vegetables．
Soil salinization could affect the quality of vegetable production．Facility vegetable production applied great amount of livestock and poultry dung，thus adding to the soil heavy metal pollution．From now on，we should pay much attention to control greenhouse environment，prevent diseases and pests，improve water and fertilizer management technology，and upgrade energy-saving and mechanization level of greenhouse production.
连青龙，张跃峰，丁小明，鲁少尉，田 婧，马 宁，李 邵，鲍顺淑. 我国北方设施蔬菜质量安全现状与问题分析[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2016, 1(7): 15-21.
LIAN Qing-long，ZHANG Yue-feng*，DING Xiao-ming，LU Shao-wei，TIAN Jing，MA Ning，LI Shao，BAO Shun-shu. Quality and Safety Status of Vegetables Produced in Protected Facilities in Northern China and Analysis of Existing Problems. China Vegetables, 2016, 1(7): 15-21.
