Characteristics of Major Chinese Vegetables in Nutrient Uptake and Requirement
LI Shutian1，AI Chao1，HE Ping1，ZHANG Jiajia1，CUI Rongzong2，WEI Jianlin2，CHUAN Limin3，LI Mingyue4，JIN Chongwei5
1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China；2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment，Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Jinan 250100，Shandong，China；3Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences，Beijing 100097，China；4Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment，Tianjin 300192，China；5College of Environmental and Resource Sciences，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058，Zhejiang，China
Abstract：It is of significant importance to study the nutrient requirements of main Chinese vegetables for establishing a new method of recommending vegetables fertilization．Adopting the method of combining information retrieval，field investigation，sampling，measuring；and according to QUEFTS model，this paper analyzed the relation between the yields of open field Chinese cabbage，radish，greenhouse tomato，open field scallion，and their nutrient uptakes；obtained the optimum nutrient uptake curve and estimated the best nutrient requirement amount for producing 1 unit of vegetable yield．Results showed that there were great variations in yield，nutrient uptake amount and nutrient internal efficiency（IE）of 4 kinds vegetables．For Chinese cabbage，the average yield was 84.3 t · hm-2（n = 2 758），above ground N，P and K nutrient accumulation amounts were 176.4，33.6 and 208.4 kg · hm-2，respectively; IE value were 539.32，2 901.6 and 458.23 kg ·kg-1，respectively．The best N，P and K requirements quantities for producing 1 t of Chinese cabbage was 1.96 kg N，0.41 kg P and 2.39 kg K．The average fleshy root yield was 63.5 t · hm-2（n = 2 288）．The N，P and K accumulation quantities were 155.4，30.9 and 217.9 kg · hm-2，respectively．The IE value were 455.0，2 328.7 and 361.9 kg · kg-1，respectively. The best N，P and K requirement quantities for producing 1 t of radish fleshy roots were 2.2 kg N，0.4 kg P and 2.6 kg K，respectively．The average facility tomato yield was 85.0 t ·hm-2（n = 703）．The N，P and K accumulation amount were 213.5，55.1 and 352.1 kg · hm-2，respectively．The IE value were 458.2，1 941.5，287.9 kg · kg-1，respectively．The best N，P and K requirement quantities for producing 1 t of facility tomato fruits were 2.19 kg N，0.56 kg P，3.36 kg K，respectively．The average economic yield of scallion was 60.4 t · hm-2（n = 976）．The N，P and K accumulation quantities were 128.8，18.9 and 117.7 kg · hm-2，respectively．The IE value were 503.7，3 368.7 and 593.3 kg · kg-1，respectively．The best N，P and K requirement quantities for producing 1 t of scallion were 1.92 kg N，0.28 kg P and 1.69 kg K，respectively．
李书田，艾超，何萍，张佳佳，崔荣宗，魏建林，串丽敏，李明悦，金崇伟. 我国主要蔬菜的养分吸收和需求特征[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2022, 1(1): 41-48.
LI Shutian，AI Chao，HE Ping，ZHANG Jiajia，CUI Rongzong，WEI Jianlin，CHUAN Limin，LI Mingyue，JIN Chongwei. Characteristics of Major Chinese Vegetables in Nutrient Uptake and Requirement. China Vegetables, 2022, 1(1): 41-48.
