Effects of Balanced Fertilization of Nitrogen， Phosphorus and Potassium on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Spring Cucumber Cultivated in Greenhouse Organic Substrates
LI Guo-long1，2， TANG Ji-wei1， HUANG Shao-wen1*， LI Chun-hua1， YUAN Shuo1， YIN Xue-yun3，ZHAO Wen-huai3
1Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer， Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081， China；2FARMERS’ DAILY， Beijing 100029，China； 3Vegetable Technical Service Center of Suzhou District， Jiuquan 735000， Gansu，China
Abstract：By field plot experiment， this paper studied the effects of balanced fertilization of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium on yield and nutrient uptake of spring cucumber cultivated in greenhouse organic substrates in Gobi desert regions. The results showed that ① The major nutrients limiting factor in substrates were nitrogen and potassium， and phosphorus application had certain effect in yield increase for spring cucumber cultivated in greenhouse. The average yield increase from nitrogen， potassium and phosphorus application were 51.2%， 45.2% and 10.0%， respectively. ② Compared with the conventional fertilization， the yield and economic benefit with balanced fertilization of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium treatment were significantly increased by 35.7% and 40.7%， respectively； and compared with high N and high K treatments， the yield increase were 4.3% and 3.8%， respectively， and economic benefit increase were 4.4% and 3.9%， respectively. ③ Balanced fertilization of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium could siginicantly improve the nutrient uptake of spring cucumber， accordingly， increase the recovery rate of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium fertilizer by 31.7%，34.1% and 78.9%， respectively. Whereas the recovery rate of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium fertilizer under conventional fertilization were only 4.6%， 0.9% and 11.7%， respectively. ④ Under this experimental condition，proper N， P2O5 and K2O application rates for spring cucumber in greenhouse organic substrate cultivation were 350-430， 135-160， 370-430 g·m-3（ substrates）， respectively. N， P2O5 and K2O recommendation rates for producing 1 000 kg spring cucumber were 2.0-2.4，0.8-0.9，2.1-2.3 kg， respectively.
