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2010 Vol.1 Issue.24,Published 2010-12-15
1 Research Progress on Pepper Genetic Breeding during China’s ‘Eleventh Five-year Plan’
ZHANG Bao-xi;WANG Li-hao;MAO Sheng-li;ZHANG Zheng-hai
Research on pepper（Capsicum spp.）genetics and breeding were supported by the programs of national, ministries, and provincial governments during the‘Eleventh Five-year Plan’period. Great progress has been made on the identification and evaluation of germplasm resources, breeding technology, innovation of breeding material, and new variety selection, especially on applying molecular marker technology in germplasm diversity, genetic analysis, assistant selection, etc. areas. Male sterile peeper research has also made great progress. Processing breeding was paid much attention. A group of new varieties has been developed and performance the diversity of types. At present, the major existing problems are the relatively narrow genetic resources, insufficient creative strength, and repeated research activities. This paper prospects the research focus of pepper genetic breeding.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 1-9 [Abstract] ( 1334 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 328KB] ( 973 )
10 Progress in Molecular Biology Research on Cucumber Downy Mildew
WANG Li-juan;SUN Cai-yu;NIU De;QIN Zhi-wei*
Cucumber downy mildew is a worldwide disease caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis. It is known around the world that more than 70 cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）producing countries were under its hazards. This paper expounds the research progress made in the field of molecular biology in resistance to cucumber downy mildew from resistance genetics, construction of molecular marker and linkage map, separation related to resistance to downy mildew genes. The paper also discusses about the existing problems in molecular level research, and outlooks the future research orientation.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 10-13 [Abstract] ( 1347 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 190KB] ( 1096 )
14 Review and Prospect of Space Mutation Application in Pepper Breeding
HU Xin-min;LI Ya-li*;GAO Yan-hui;LUO Ai-yu;ZHAO Dan;HU Xiao-ming
Space mutation breeding technology, also named space- flight mutation breeding, is a new breeding technology, combining spaceflight technology with modern biotechnology and traditional breeding technology. From present status and research method of pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）spaceflight mutation breeding, this paper expounds the research progress and achievements gained at home and abroad; discusses about the problems existing in present space mutation breeding in China; and prospects the future for its application in future pepper breeding.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 14-18 [Abstract] ( 1178 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 243KB] ( 1191 )
19 In silico Cloning of Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylase（ XET） GeneRelated to Fertility Changeover in the Thermo-sensitive ChineseCabbage（Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis）
ZHANG Shao-li;;ZHANG Lu-gang*;ZHANG Ming-ke;HUI Mai-xia
The EST-58 related to the fertility changeover in the thermo-sensitive CMS
（TsCMS7311）of Chinese cabbage（Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis）was amplified by in silico cloning. And the cDNA sequence had been confirmed by RT-PCR. The result indicated that a new sequence with 1 197 bp length was cloned，which contained an integrated ORF, encoding 292 amino acids.
The trend of EST-58 expression by RT-PCR was very identity to the expression by cDNA-AFLP, and their sequences have 98 % consistency. As showed that the result of in silico cloning was right. The amino acid sequence showed highly comparability with xyloglucan endotransglycosylase（XET）from GenBank. It
indicated that the new sequence was XET gene（GenBank accession,EU579461）of Chinese cabbage.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 19-24 [Abstract] ( 1135 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 669KB] ( 703 )
25 Studies on ISSR Marker of Artificial Aging Mustard Seed Genomic DNA
SONG Ming;WANG He-bing;SUN Zi-jian;WANG Zhi-min;TANG Qing-lin;ZHANG Sheng
ISSR molecular marker was applied to analyze the DNA damaging degree of artificial aging muster seed. Six primers suitable for studying aging mustard（Brassica juncea Coss.）seeds were selected from 18 primers. We found that along with the prolongation of aging time of muster seed with artificial aging treatment, the numbers of ISSR amplified bands were decreased and their color became light and even faded away. This indicated that during the seed storage, along with the intensification of aging, DNA damages was one of the factors influencing conservation of germplasm resources.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 25-30 [Abstract] ( 1207 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 624KB] ( 764 )
31 Accumulative Characteristics of Capsaicin with Different Capsicum Genotypes
LI Guang-guang;CHEN Guo-ju;CAO Bi-hao;ZHANG Cai-shun;LEI Jian-jun*
Capsaicin contents in pulp, placenta and seed of 4 pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）accessions at 10 periods were tested by HPLC. The result showed that capsaicin content was the highest in placenta, followed by pulp, and the least seed. The capsaicin content reached the highest at 40-45th day after flowering in cayenne pepper varieties‘Huajiao No.3’，‘Huajiao No.4’and‘Huajiao No.5’.‘Chaotianjiao’reached the highest content at 25th day after flowering.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 31-35 [Abstract] ( 995 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 323KB] ( 901 )
36 Effect of Cucumber-straw Mushroom Rotation and Alcohol Treatment on Root-knot Nematode Control
CHEN Bo-qing;PAN Guo-qing;DONG Chun-lan
Root-knot nematode can bring serious harm to cucumber cropping in greenhouse. We found that cucumber-straw mushroom rotation cropping can effectively control the rapid rise of rook-knot nematode number and decrease the content of soil microbial biomass carbon（MBC）by cucumber-straw mushroom rotation cropping and soil treatment with alcohol solution. Soil treatment with alcohol solution has the same effect of controlling nematodes, with 2 % alcohol solution being the optimal. After the rotation and 5 days soil treatment with alcohol solution, the MBC content of 2 %, 3 % alcohol solution were higher than that of the untreated soil. 2 % alcohol treatment was the highest and then declines as time went by.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 36-39 [Abstract] ( 960 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 388KB] ( 675 )
40 Heterosis and Hereditary Effects of Total Acid in Genic Male-sterile Tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum L.）—‘Da107’
WANG Xian-yu;;YU Fen-di;CHEN Wei;LIANG Cong-yao;DU Yong-cheng;ZENG Dong
This experiment took genic male-sterile Da107 as female parent and hybridized it with 6 inbred lines（Dongsheng No.3, Niufanqie, Meilisha, 1439, 12 and A3）as male parent, and 6 new tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum L.）combinations were compound. The total acid of matured fruit combinations was determined by acid-base titration，so as to estimate heterosis, combination ability and heritability etc. The regression analysis was carried out. The results showed that among the 6 combinations, 2 had positive heterosis, 4 showed negative heterosis and 1 was over-parent heterosis. The general combining ability and special combining ability of fruit total acid were 17.18 % and 82.82 %, respectively. The broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability were 57.30 %, 46.68 %, respectively. And the constant parent correlation coefficient was -0.0415, which had not reached the significant level, just expressed as negative correlation.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 40-43 [Abstract] ( 1263 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 291KB] ( 642 )
44 Effects of Seed Soaking with Exogenous Ca2+ on Eggplant Seed Germination and Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Its Plumule and Radicle
QIN Shu-hao;ZHANG Jing;CHENG Xiao-hu
Two eggplant（Solanum melongena L.）cultivars‘Texuanzichangqie’（long eggplant cultivars）and ‘Erminqie’（roundish eggplant cultivar）were selected as experimental materials in this experiment. Effects of seed soaking with exogenous Ca2+ on seed germination, physiological and biochemical characteristics of its plumule and radicle were studied. The results showed that eggplant seed germination characteristics and SOD, POD, CAT activity of its plumule and radicle were promoted, while the content of MDA was reduced when the seed was soaked with 5.0-50.0 mmol•L-1 Ca2+. Better effect on seed soaking of these 2 cultivars was gained with 25.0 mmol•L-1 Ca2+. When the seed soaking content of Ca2+ reached 100.0 mmol•L-1, the inhibition effect was most distinct .
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 44-47 [Abstract] ( 1217 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 287KB] ( 709 )
48 Optimization and Verification of ISSR Reaction System of Eggplant
LIANG Ren-fan;;WANG Yi-kui;LI Wen-jia;LI Yan;WU Yong-guan
In this study, eggplant（Solanum melongena L.）was the test material. The total DNA was extracted from its fresh young leaves by modified CTAB method. The advantage of orthogonal design and single factor design were applied to optimize ISSR-PCR amplification system of eggplant in 4 factors, such as Mg2+, dNTP, primer and Taq DNA polymerase at 3 levels, and the optimal treatment was verified by 16 cultivate eggplants from Guangxi. The results indicated that an optimal reaction system（25 μL）was established. It was consisted of 2.5 μL 10×buffer, 2.0-3.0 mmol•L-1 Mg2+, 0.32-0.36 mmol•L-1 dNTPs, 0.4 μmol•L-1 primer, 50 ng template DNA, 0.6 U Taq DNA polymerase. The sore band of the optimized treatment showed stabilization, distinct and abundant.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 48-52 [Abstract] ( 1094 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 632KB] ( 657 )
53 Effect of Low Temperature and Pollination on Cucumber Yield Formation
XU Ran;MIAO Min-min*;CAO Bei-sheng
Three cold-tolerant lines（NY-2, JY-2 and Hot-1）and one cold-sensitive cultivar（Jinyan No.4）of cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）were treated with temperatures of 28 ℃/18 ℃（day/night）or 28 ℃/12 ℃ with or without pollination. Marketable yield and 3 yield components（node number, percentage of nodes with female flowers and fruit setting rate）were recorded. The results show that 3 cold-tolerant genotypes rely on different mechanisms to keep relatively higher yield than‘Jinyan No.4’under cold stress. Comparing to‘Jinyan No.4’, JY-2 has more node numbers, NY-2 has more cold-tolerant pollens, and Hot-1 has higher parthenocarpic ability. Cold tolerance of NY-2 pollens is higher than that of‘Jinyan No.4’and JY-2. Under low temperature, JY-2 and Hot-1 plants pollinated with NY-2 pollens can produce higher yields than those pollinated with JY-2 pollens.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 53-56 [Abstract] ( 1051 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 198KB] ( 628 )
57 Determination and Comparision of Amino Acids Contents in Flammulina velutipes between Wild Species and Cultivars
WANG Song;XU Hong-qiang;WAN Jiang;ZHANG Jia-hui*
The types and content of amino acids in Flammulina velutipes were measured and compared between wild species and cultivars. The results showed that the total contents of amino acids and free amino acids in wild F. velutipes were higher than in cultivars. Especially these 2 contents in F. velutipes grown in Ulmus pumila were the highest, followed by that grown in Broussonetia papyrifera and Erythrina variegata.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 57-60 [Abstract] ( 988 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 467KB] ( 845 )
61 Quality Analysis of Different Water Dropwort Cultivars in Jiangsu Province
JIANG Jie-zeng;QIN Yu-lian;;MIAO Min-min
Eight cultivars of water dropwort〔Oenanthe javanica（Bl.）DC., O. stolonifera（Roxb）wall.〕were collected in main production areas of Jiangsu Province. Contents of some nutrient and quality components of edible parts were tested. The results showed that the dry matter rate among all cultivars were 5.69 %-9.74 %, the contents of total soluble sugar were 8.55-25.11 mg•g-1（FW）and those of crude fiber were 2.61-5.02 mg•g-1（FW）, while those of total dietary fiber were 29.11-51.05 mg•g-1（FW）. The water holding capacity and expansive capacity of dry matter of edible parts were 444 %-1 049 % and 9.44-17.53 mL•g-1, respectively. And the maximum bounding quantity to Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 242.91-369.16 mg•g-1 and 274.51-346.64 mg•g-1, respectively. The minimum bounding concentration to Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 0.02-0.09 mmol•L-1 and 0.01-0.03 mmol•L-1, respectively. We conclude that water dropwort is a kind of vegetable with rich of dietary fiber.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 61-65 [Abstract] ( 1049 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 227KB] ( 587 )
66 Effects of Humidification Treatment and Vegetable Species on Vegetable Shelf Quality
ZHANG Xue-jie;LI Mei;BAI Shan-shan;HU Hong
The effects of humidification and vegetable species on vegetable shelf quality were investigated by taking 8 vegetables as experimental materials simulating supermarket sale. The results showed that humidification can inhibit the weight loss rate of unwrapped vegetable during 12 h shelf life at ambient temperature. There existed remarked significant differences among RH 90 %, 80 % and 70 % in inhibiting the weight loss rate of vegetables, of which RH 90 % treatment can keep the vegetables more fresh. The vegetable species also had significant effects on weight loss rate of vegetables. According to the cluster analysis, among 8 kinds of trial vegetables, pakchoi and broccoli were the kind of vegetable easy to lose weight, followed by carrot, lettuce, cucumber and beans lose weight lightly, cabbage and Chinese cabbage were the kind of vegetable kept the lower weight loss. Under unwrapped condition at ambient temperature, pakchoi and broccoli should be sold under RH 90 %; carrot, beans, lettuce and cucumber, under RH 80 %, and cabbage and Chinese cabbage can be sold without humidification.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 66-68 [Abstract] ( 909 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 257KB] ( 971 )
69 Studies on Edible Lily in vitro Conservation Technique by Slow-growth Method
ZHANG Yu-qin;FENG Jian-jun;ZHAO Jing-fang
In order to establish conservation system for edible lily slow-growth germplasm resources, the test-tube plantlets gained from micro-propagation were inoculated in 12 different culture media and conserved under 10 ℃ and 25 ℃ for 6 months, respectively, so as to observe the growth of test-tube plantlets under different treatments. The results showed that the low mannitol concentration has poor control affect on the growth of test-tube plantlets, while the high concentration severely affect the plantlets growth. The suitable mannitol concentration was 20 g•L-1 for conserving edible lily plantlets with slow-growth. Sucrose has restrain effect on the growth of test-tube plantlet, 60 g•L-1 sucrose is the suitable media. 20 g•L-1 mannitol+60 g•L-1 sucrose is the best treatment for slow growth conservation of edible lily test-tube plantlets. Their survival rate can reach 100 %, and the rate of bulb formation is high. 10 ℃ can keep the plantlet grow slowly and promote the bulb formation for 6 months conservation without subculture, while under 25 ℃ the rate of bulb formation is reduced, and the medium loss is serious. The plantlets must be preserved with subculture.

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2010 Vol. 1 (24): 69-73 [Abstract] ( 1267 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 202KB] ( 790 )
74 Comparison of Applying Effect on the Second Fruit Yield of Watermelon with Different Rootstocks
ANG Xu;;LU Jin-sheng;CHEN Zong-guang*;YUAN Xi-di;LIU Wei;PAN Lin;XIANG Yu-miao
With good quality, early-maturing, small size watermelon〔Citrullus lanatus（Thunb.）Matsum. et Nakai〕‘L600’as scion, pumpkin rootstock‘Jingxinzhen No.4’,‘Waxgourd rootstock No.1’, Gourd rootstock‘Zhenli No.1’, and‘Jingxinzhen No.1’（CK）as rootstocks, we studied the 4 rootstocks effects on the survival rates of grafted seedling, their growth vigor, yield and quality of watermelon after grafting. The results showed that after analyzing the indexes of plant heat tolerance, second fruit yield, FYC and quality, etc.‘Waxgourd rootstock No.1’is an ideal rootstock with low heat injury index and higher second fruit yield 78.48 t•hm-2 in the 4 rootstocks. The soluble solid matter at fruit center and sides of both the first and second fruit are higher than that of the CK. After grafting, the watermelon flesh is crisp with excellent flavor and good quality.‘Waxgourd rootstock No.1’is an ideal rootstock for improving heat tolerance of watermelon.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 74-78 [Abstract] ( 1297 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 202KB] ( 735 )
79 A New Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Yuanchun’
LIU Yan-bo;YANG Jin-lan;SHI Xiao-qiang;LIU Dong-xia;WANG Feng
‘Yuanchun’is a new cabbage F1 hybrid developed by crossing self-incompatible line Jiang-1-2-2-1-2 as female parent and inbred line 94H-2-1-1-5 as male parent. It is an early-maturing cultivar. It takes about 159-168 days from transplanting to harvest. The pant is about 30 cm in height, and about 60 cm in expansion diameter. The number of out leaves are 8-10. It is green in color with medium wax powder. It has good heading character with compact body. The head is round and 21.5 cm in height, 18.4 cm in diameter. The center column length is about 9.89 cm. It is of superior quality with excellent taste. Its average head weight is about 1.68 kg, and mean yield is about 90 t•hm-2. It has higher resistance to virus disease, downy mildew, black rot than‘Zhengchun’. It is also tolerant to immature bolting. It is suitable for cultivation in the basins of the Yellow River and Huai River.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 79-81 [Abstract] ( 970 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 139KB] ( 564 )
82 A New Hot Pepper F1 Hybrid —‘Zhujiao 18’
JIANG Jun;HU Ying-bei;ZHAO Hong-xing;WANG Meng-yang
‘Zhujiao 18’is a new hot pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing self-line Zhu 03 selected from Henan‘124’hot pepper variety with self-line Zhu 07 selected from‘Qiemen’. It is of early maturity. The total growing period takes about 190 days. It takes 68 days from planting to first harvest in spring open field cultivation. The plant has middle growth vigor. Its plant is 56.62 cm in hight and 63.18 cm in expansion diameter. The first female flower starts from node 8.43. The fruit is of ox horn shape with thin skin and smooth surface. Its fruit is 14.53 cm in diameter and 4.53 cm in transverse diameter. The flesh is 0.33 cm in thickness. It is slightly hot. The VC content is 1 690 mg•kg-1 and the protein content is 1.63 %, the soluble sugur 2.97 % and corase fiber 2.36 %. The average single fruit weight is 80.93 g and average single fruit number is 20.77 per plant. Its yield is 54.0 t•hm-2. It has stronger resistance to virus disease, phytophthora blight and anthracnose than the control variety‘Moxiu 301’. It is suitable to be cultivated in spring in protected and open fields in Henan Provinces and the ambitus regions.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 82-84 [Abstract] ( 1022 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 131KB] ( 544 )
85 A New Processing Tomato F1 Hybrid —‘Xinfan No.29’
ZHOU Wei-xin;CHEN Ying-xian;HUANG Min;HONG Wei;LIU Zhi-zhong
‘Xinfan No.29’is a new processing tomato F1 hybrid. It is developed by crossing the inbred line 99-2 with 99-8. This variety belongs to limited growth type. It has strong growth potential. Its fruit is of long round shape with bright red color and firm flesh. The fruit does not crack. The average fruit weight is 80 g. The lycopene content is 167.6 mg•kg-1（FW）and the soluble solid content is 6.28 %. The fruit hardness is 3.90 N•cm-2. It takes about 102 days from sowing to fruit ripening. It is of early maturity and its maturing time is concentrated. The average yield is 105 t•hm-2. It is suitable for cultivation in Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia and other processing tomato producing areas.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 85-87 [Abstract] ( 1059 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 160KB] ( 576 )
88 A New Summer Squash F1 Hybrid —‘Yanhu No.4’
YIN Guo-xiang;WANG Quan-hua;ZHANG Huan-chun;LIU Xue-qin;CAO Shou-jun;XIA Xiu-bo
‘Yanhu No.4’is a new summer squash F1 hybrid developed by technique of induced breeding on space flight. It is an early maturing variety. The plant grows vigorously with short nods. Its leaf is bottle green with white spots, likes palm with five cracks. The first female flower starts from node 5-6. The long cylindrical commercial fruit is 20-22 cm in length, 5.5 cm in diameter. Its average fruit weight is 350 g. The tender fruit is glossy with bottle green skin, and tastes crispy. The fruit cavity is small. It is suitable for early spring cultivation in plastic tunnel and greenhouse. It yields about 90 t•hm-2 in greenhouse.
2010 Vol. 1 (24): 88-90 [Abstract] ( 1046 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 177KB] ( 680 )
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