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Current Issue
2024 Vol.1 Issue.3,
Published 2024-03-01
1
Development Status and Suggestions of Large Scale Gutter Connected Glass Greenhouse in China
ZHANG Qiusheng，DING Xiaoming
Hot!
Large scale gutter connected glass greenhouse has large monomer scale and strong ability for environment regulation．Soilless culture technology is generally adopted，which can break through the constraints of resources and environment，and greatly expand the possibility boundary of agricultural production．These greenhouses are typical representatives of modern facility planting industry and recently have been rapidly developed in China．Based on investigation of existing situation，and combined with document analysis，this paper summarized the development characteristics of large scale gutter connected glass greenhouses in recent years，such as regional distribution expanding to the central and western regions，structure standardization，equipment localization，and management digitization，etc．The paper also analyzed the existing defect sites in scientific planning and top-level design during development process，andsome problems as：key core technology and equipment mainly relying on import，low unit output rate andhigh operating cost，affecting the efficiency and sustainability of greenhouse production，etc．Besides，the paper put forward suggestions for future development，including selection of scientific and reasonable site，construction according to local conditions，moderate strict approval，amplifying research and development for key technology，reducing investment and operating cost，strengthening personal training，focusing on brand building，and enhancing ability for achieving sustainable development，etc．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 1-6 [
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Present Situation Analysis and Prospect of Related Standard System for Capsicum annuum L. Production in China
PENG Yue，MA Yanqing，GAO Fengyun，ZHENG Jingyuan
The construction of a whole industrial chain standard system for Capsicum annuum L. is of great importance for the creation of ‘three products and one standard’ Capsicum annuum L. product and promoting the high quality development of the whole industrial chain．On the basis of systematically summarizing China and standard system relating to Capsicum annuum L.，this paper emphatically analyzed the current situation of standardization system construction and shortcomings in Capsicum annuum L. efficient production，disease control，and processing safety，and looked forward to future construction of standardization system for Capsicum annuum L. product quality，green，safe and efficient production technology，hoping to provide reference for the relevant scientific research，technology extension，and achievement transformation，etc．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 7-18 [
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Review of Potato Market Situation in 2023 and Outlook for 2024
ZHOU Xiangyang，ZHANG Jing，CHENG Guodong，CHI Liang，YANG Lu，SHA Dejian，BIAN Wenbo，WU Jianzhai
Hot!
The Chinese potato market in 2023 has 3 significant characteristics：high potato price in early stage，year-on-year price on the lower side in later stage，and annual prices at their highest in nearly 10 years，etc. It is expected that the potato market prices in 2024 will be generally lower than that in 2023. At present，there are still existed problems noteworthy in China’s potato industry，including unbalanced industrial development，urgent improvement of processing level and insufficient protection of regional public brands，etc.In order to further promote the upgrading of China’s potato industry，it is suggested that local governments of various regions to implement targeted support policies，accelerate the in-depth development of whole industrial chain，and strengthen protection of regional public brands.
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 19-22 [
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36
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23
Research Progress of Metabonomics in Melon and Fruit Vegetables
GONG Chengsheng，WANG Shubin，LIU Jinbing，PAN Baogui，GUO Guangjun，GAO Changzhou，ZHU Xianwei，DIAO Weiping
Hot!
With the rapid development of metabolomics，the research of melon and fruit vegetables in the growth and development and environmental adaptation has been deepened．To more clearly understand the research progress of metabolomics in melon and fruit vegetables，this paper summarized the research techniques and contents of metabolomics，the research application of metabolomics，the correlation analysis between metabolomics and other omics，and prospected the development and application prospects of metabolomics．It lays a foundation for the development and application of metabolomics in the research of melon and fruit vegetables，and hopes to provide direction and guidance for accelerating the development of the industry．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 23-31 [
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Application of Melatonin in Adversity Stress Resistance of Main Solanaceous Vegetables
ZHANG Yu，JIA Li，JIANG Haikun，FANG Ling，ZHANG Qi’an，SUN Xueliang，ZHANG Tao，LU Xiaomin，YAN Congsheng
Melatonin is a conserved pleiotropic molecule commonly existed in plants and animals and involved in plant regulation of several growth and development processes and stress responses．Many studies in recent years have shown that melatonin has a favorable effect on improving crop tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses．As a high effective antioxidant，melatonin can scavenge free radicals such as reactive oxygen species（ROS），improve nutrient uptake，osmoregulatory substance production，and cell membrane stability by regulating the transcript levels of enzymes and transcription factors associated with the adversity-antioxidant system，and improve plant tolerance to adversity stress．In addition，it can also reduce the damage of adversity stress to plants by participating in the synthesis of various hormones and activating plant stressrelated hormones．This paper reviewed the synthesis and metabolism of melatonin，and latest research progress in major solanaceous vegetables resistance to adversity stress during resent 10 years，so as to provide references for its future application in vegetables against adversity stress．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 32-39 [
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40
Effect of Exogenous Growth Regulating Substances on the Growth of Chilli Seedlings under Low Temperature and Low Light Stress
ZHU Chenghong，FU Wen，ZHANG Zheng，LAN Jiayi，LI Shi，YUAN Siyi，DAI Xiongze
Hot!
In order to study the effects of exogenous growth regulators on morphological and physiological indexes of seedlings under low-temperature and low-light stress，seven exogenous growth regulators were used to treat chilli seedlings with ‘Xingshu 301’，including 0.1 μmol · L-1 oleandrin lactones（BRs），100 μmol · L-1 melatonin（MT），500 μmol · L-1 salicylic acid（SA），100 μmol · L-1 abscisic acid（ABA），300 mg · L-1 6-benzyl adenine（6-BA），100 μmol · L-1 methyl jasmonate（MeJA），and 20 μmol · L-1 monocrotaline（GR24）. The results showed that，compared with the ambient control，the stoutness index of chilli seedlings under low-temperature low-light stress was significantly reduced，and the contents of soluble sugars，proline and malondialdehyde in the leaves were significantly increased；the chlorophyll content and catalase activity were significantly decreased. Compared with the low-temperature and low-light control，the seedling index and leaf soluble sugars，proline，chlorophyll content and catalase activity were significantly increased，malondialdehyde content was decreased，chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm and photochemical burst coefficient（qP）were increased，and non-photochemical burst coefficient（NPQ）was decreased by the treatments of the exogenous growth regulators. However，the effects of different exogenous growth regulators to alleviate low-temperature and low-light stress varied，and ABA，MT，and GR24 were more effective. The effect of exogenous growth regulators was obvious in the early stage of low-temperature and low-light stress（5 days），and the difference was not significant after 5 days of growth resumption. It has shown that low temperature and low light stress would affect the growth of chilli seedlings，and exogenous growth regulator treatments were effective in alleviating the damage of adversity stress on chilli seedlings in the early stage；there were differences in the effects of different exogenous growth regulator treatments，and ABA，MT，and GR24 significantly enhanced the ability of chilli seedlings to tolerate low temperature and low light，of which 100 μmol · L-1 ABA had the best effect.
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 40-50 [
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51
Regulating Effect of Red Light Supplements UV-A on Lettuce Sesquiterpene Lactones
TIAN Yuanyuan，ZHA Lingyan，WANG Zuoqi，DUAN Yiwen，WEI Shiwei，ZHANG jingjin
Hot!
The unique bitterness of lettuce（Lactuca sativa L.）comes from sesquiterpene lactone compounds，mainly including lactucopicrin and lactucin．In order to investigate the regulating effect of ultraviolet light on growth of lettuce and sesquiterpenoids，this paper took pure red light（180 μmol · m-2 · s-1）as the contrast；compared the effects of supplying UV-A（30 μmol · m-2 · s-1）or UV-B（10 μmol · m-2 · s-1） on the growth and sesquiterpenoids content of 7 lettuce species；and further analyzed the compensation light intensity of UV-A to infrared light（15，30，45 μmol · m-2 · s-1）and supplementary light duration（0，1，2，3，6，9 days）on the content of sesquiterpenoids in lettuce．The results showed that UV-A supplementation could significantly increase the fresh quality of‘Lvluo’above ground，significantly reduce lactucopicrin and lactucin contents of 7 lettuce varieties，by 33%-74% and 29%-60%，respectively．Along with the increase of UV-A supplementary light intensity，the content of sesquiterpenoids in lettuce decreased gradually．After the treatment of adding 30 μmol · m-2 · s-1 UV-A for 2 days，the lactucopicrin in lettuce increased rapidly．The peak value was reached after 3 days of treatment，then gradually decreased．While，the content of lactupicrin basically maintained a gradually increasing trend after 2 days of treatment．It decreased slightly after 6-9 days of treatment．In conclusion，supplying appropriate amount of UV-A（30 μmol · m-2 · s-1，3-6 days）to red light can significantly reduce the content of sesquiterpenoids in lettuce without affecting its biomass，thereby to lessen the bitterness．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 51-58 [
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59
Establishment of Artificial Inoculation Identification System for Alternaria Leaf Blight and Screening of Resistant Germplasm Resources in Carrot
ZHAO Donghang，Huang Jianxin，Zhuang Feiyun，Ou Chenggang，Zhao Zhiwei，Zhang Yifan，Liu Xing
Hot!
Alternaria leaf blight （ALB） is one of the most common and destructive diseases in carrot．This study compared the effects of different inoculum concentrations and seedling ages on the disease index of ALB，and selected the most suitable conditions for artificial inoculation identification，and then establish a set of accurate and stable artificial inoculation identification system for ALB，the results show that the bacterial liquid concentration of 1 × 104 spores · mL-1，inoculation seedling age of 8 true leaves is the most suitable artificial inoculation identification conditions．This identification system was utilized to identify 94 carrot germplasm resources for ALB resistance，and one resistant material（DI = 28.4）was selected，an important resistance source material for carrot breeding．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 59-66 [
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Identification of Melon Powdery Mildew Pathogen and Screening of Germplasm Resources Resistant to Powdery Mildew
CHEN Jianjun，WANG Feng，CHEN Jihao，LIANG Qigan，FU Xiaofa，FAN Rong，Zhang Hao，WANG Min
Sanya city is an important producing area of Hainan Melon，and also a high-incidence area of melon powdery mildew．This study identified the physiological race of powdery mildew pathogen naturally occurring at Sanya melon test base by using microscopic，molecular biology methods，and 13 internationally recognized standard identification hosts．Besides，the study chose 30 materials from the self-selected 4th generation melon germplasm resources for identification and screening of resistance to powdery mildew during seedling stage．Results showed that through analysis on morphological characteristics of pathogenic spores， bacteria ITS sequences alignment，and inductive reaction of 13 standard hosts to powdery mildew pathogen inoculation，the pathogen was determined to be the Race 2France of Podosphaera xanthii．Additionally，2 materials（22-7-2，22-16-1）were found to be immune to powdery mildew out of 30 thick-skinned melons；and 3 were found to be highly resistant to powdery mildew（06-4-1，14-8-1 and 23-8-1）．The 2 immune materials were all of yellow-skinned，elliptical，and reticulated types．While，the 3 were all high-resistant materials of reticulate type．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 67-74 [
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Control Effect of Chinese Cabbage Clubroot by Wood Vinegar
FU Kejian，ZHOU Hongyin，ZHANG Naiming，ZHANG Jilai，DENG Yishu，HANG Jiakui，FENG Yuxing，SU Youbo
Hot!
Using Chinese cabbage〔Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis（Lour）Olsson〕‘Hanyukuaicai’as the test material and employing the potted planting method，this study investigated the efficacy of different concentrations of wood vinegar solution（diluted 600，400，and 200 times）in controlling clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae．The Hochest33342-PI dual fluorescence staining method was employed to determine the spore viability of Plasmodiophora brassicae under different concentrations of wood vinegar treatment．Additionally，the main antimicrobial components of wood vinegar were analyzed．The results showed that all three concentrations of wood vinegar treatment significantly increased the plant height and aboveground fresh weight of Chinese cabbage．They also significantly reduced the incidence and disease index of clubroot disease，with a significant decreasing trend observed with increasing wood vinegar concentration．Specifically，the incidence of clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage treated with wood vinegar diluted 200 times was only 14.42%，achieving a control efficiency of 68.72%．Wood vinegar could deactivate the spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae，with a spore survival rate of only 24.03% under treatment with wood vinegar diluted 200 times．Using GC-MS technology，24 components were preliminarily determined to be present in the wood vinegar tested，among which 17 components exhibited certain inhibitory effects on Plasmodiophora brassicae spores．Among them，the inhibitory effect of shu-chuang-mu-phenol was the strongest，with an EC50 of 113.01 μg · mL-1．In conclusion，under the conditions of this experiment，wood vinegar diluted 200 times was found to be the most effective for controlling clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 75-83 [
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Studies on Overwinter Host Species of Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae（L.）and Host Adaptability
FENG Jingjing，ZHOU Lilin，NING Ganxi，WANG Yongmo
In order to definite the overwinter host species of Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae and its adaptibility，this study investigated the overwinter host species of R. nymphaeae（L.）and amount of overwinter insects in Wuhan and Honghu region，Hubei Province．This paper also studied the adaptability of R. nymphaeae on different hosts by life table technique．Investigation revealed that the major overwinter host of R. nymphaeae in Wuhan and Honghu was the purple leaf plum tree（Prunus cerasifera L.），accounting for nearly 80% of the total overwinter insect population．The overwinter R. nymphaeae on purple leaf plum tree had the best adaptability on water chestnuts（Trapa bispinosa Roxb.），followed by lotus，（Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.）and water lily（Nymphaea tetragona Georgi.）．It was impossible to establish population on arrowhead（Sagittaria sagittifolia L.）. While，the R. nymphaeae collected from water chestnut and water lily all could well adapt to lotus，water lily，water chestnut and arrowhead，indicating that the source of overwinter insects on purple leaf plum tree could directly migrate to the lotus fields and indirectly transfer to the lotus fields via water chestnut or water lily．Therefore，we suggest to limit planting of purple leaf plum tree around the lotus fields，or taking centralized prevention and control measures before the migration of overwinter insect on purple leaf plum tree，so as to reduce the initial population of R. nymphaeae．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 84-89 [
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Creation and Application of New Germplasm Resources with Different Traits in Chinese Kale
ZHANG Deshuang，Xin Xiaoyun，Zhang Fenglan，YU Yangjun，YU Shuancang，SU Tongbing，Zhao Xiuyun，Wang Weihong，LI Peirong，LU Guixiang
Took conventional hybridization technique，and made different combinations which Chinese kale as the female parent was crossed with different subspecies of Brassica oleracea as the male parents．Excellent plants were selected from F2 progenies，then they were backcrossed and self-crossed through several generations，which were used to create new germplasm resources，such as purple trait（fleshy stems，leaves，veins，buds），wax powder trait（waxless fleshy stem，waxless leaves），shape of fleshy stem（short spindle shape，columnar shape），sub-stem trait（early bolting，multiple bolting，purple or green color），flower petal color（light yellow color）．New varieties of Chinese kale with different types were successfully bred by using these new materials，including‘Jingzi No.1’‘Jingzi No.2’‘Jingzi No.3’‘21M2 jielan’and ‘22M4 jielan’．This study provides a basis for new germplasm resources creation in Chinese kale，and establishes the foundation for breeding new Chinese kale varieties．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 90-96 [
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97
Analysis of Major Nutritional Components and Amino Acid Contents in Fruits of Different Types Eggplant
HUI Zhiming，ZHANG Shugen，DENG Xiaomei，XING Yongping，ZHANG Qin，WANG Zhenquan，ZHANG Junmin
Hot!
In order to understand the nutritional quality characteristics of eggplant fruit，this study measured and analyzed the contents of fruit sugar degree，organic acid，soluble sugar，sugar-acid ratio，soluble solids，solid-acid ratio，and free amino acid in 15 eggplant DH lines of 3 types．The results showed that in terms of sugar degree and solid-acid ratio of the 3 different types eggplant ranking from high to low as follows：purple-black round eggplant with purple calyx（PREPC）＞ purple-black long eggplant with purple calyx（PLEPC）＞ purple-black long eggplant with green calyx（PLEGC）．The rank of organic acid content from high to low was PLEGC ＞ PLEPC ＞ PREPC．The contents of glucose and sucrose in PLEGC were the highest．While，fructose content in PREPC was the highest．Soluble solid content in PLEPC was the highest．The contents of aspartic acid，serine，and glycine，tasted as umami and sweet ranking from high to low were PREPC ＞ PLEPC ＞ PLEGC．The contents of asparagine and arginine，tasted as sweet-sour and bitter，ranking from high to lowe were PLEPC ＞ PLEGC ＞ PREPC．The variation degree of main nutrientand free amino acid contents in PLEPC and PLEGC was generally higher than those in PREPC．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 97-103 [
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Genetic Diversity Analysis of Agronomic and Quality Traits in Bitter Gourd Germplasm Resourcs
WANG Zisong，LI Zhaojia，LUO Houqian，SHEN Wei，WANG Taotao，YANG Jing，LIU Zhenglu
Hot!
Using 48 bitter melon germplasm resources as test materials and taking principal component analysis and cluster analysis，the variability and correlation of 10 agronomical traits and 5 quality traits were studied．The results showed that the average coefficient of variation of agronomic traits was 33.9%，with the largest variation coefficient of gourd edge and the smallest variation coefficient of gourd length，ranging from 18.0% to 49.6%，indicating that bitter gourd had a broad genetic basis．Correlation analysis and principal component analysis revealed that there was a highly significant correlation among the 10 agronomic traits related to the fruit，but the correlation between agronomic traits and quality traits was not high，and there was no significant correlation between quality traits，indicating that the genetic selection of agronomic traits and quality traits was relatively independent．Agronomic traits principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal components was 75.51%，and there was a highly significant positive correlation between the fresh weight and the dry weight of a single fruit，as well as the upper and lower fruit diameters，indicating that breeding materials with larger fruit diameters is beneficial for developing high-yielding hybrid combinations．The 48 bitter melon materials was classified three distinct categories at D2 = 5 by cluster analysis，and identified 131-1，2101-2，2116 as early-maturing materials，2106-4 as a late-maturing material，46-1-1，67-1，80-1 as materials with good comprehensive traits，and 168-1 as a female line．These eight bitter melon germplasm resources can be used as excellent target parents for selection．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 104-110 [
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Mixed Substrate of Seedling Based on Mature Rice Husk and its Application Effect
ZHANG Chunmei，WANG Yajuan，ZHAI Ya’nan，LYU Shuo，WU Xiaolei，GAO Hongbo，GAO Yinghao，GONG Binbin
In order to develop a seedling substrate mainly composed of decomposed rice husks，based on the determination of the physicochemical properties of single substrates such as decomposed rice husks，11 kinds of seedling formulas composed of decomposed rice husks were preliminarily determined according to the substrate physicochemical property model．The fruit vegetable seedling（tomato）and leaf vegetable seedling（lettuce）were used as test materials to further screen and determine the substrate formula suitable for the growth of vegetable seedlings．The results showed that the EC value and bulk density of decomposed rice husk were suitable，but the water holding pore was small，which was not suitable as a seedling substrate material alone．The composite desirability values of 11 substrate formulations predicted by the model were（0.91-0.98），which were all within the range of suitable indicators of seedling substrate，and the relative error between the measured values of physical and chemical properties of 11 substrate formulations and the predicted values of the model was small，ranging from 3.23% to 9.63%．The decomposed rice husk after mixing could meet the growth needs of vegetable seedling stage. Among them，the mixed substrate of decomposed rice husk∶vermiculite∶perlite with（6∶2∶2）had the best growth effect on tomato and lettuce，and the strong seedling index increased by 82.76% and 21.39% compared with that of the control，respectively，and the plant grows robustly．The prediction model of physical and chemical properties of substrate was feasible for the development of substrate．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 111-117 [
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A New Pepper F1 Hybrid —‘Qianyan 001’
ZHANG Li，LI Zhengli
Qianyan 001’is a new medium maturity pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘CZLB2009-4’as female parent and‘HB32’as male parent．The plant is semi-erect type and its fruit is sheep horn shaped．The average fruit setting number of single plant is 122.8．The average single fruit weight and length respectively are 6.7 g and 7.2 cm．Ripe green fruit color is dark green in color and commercial ripe fruit is bright red．It is about 43 days from planting to first commercial green fruit harvest．In fields，its resistance to virus disease，anthracnose and powdery mildew stronger than that of the contrast‘Danshenglixiang52’．The fresh red pepper yield is about 24 t · hm-2．It is suitable for planting in spring at Guizhou region．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 118-120 [
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A New Seedless Watermelon F1 Hybrid —‘Molvwuzi No.5’
ZHANG Man，SU Dongtao，HAO Kexing，HOU Dongying，HOU Fuen，ZHANG Tao
‘Molvwuzi No.5’is a middle to late maturing F1 hybrid large seedless watermelon，developed from the selfing line‘GR4x-2’as the female parent and‘2x-55’as the male parent．The total growing period is about 112 days and the fruit development period is about 40 days for greenhouse cultivation in early spring．The fruit is round shaped，and the skin is dark green with deep green mesh stripes．The skin thickness is 1.2 cm，and skin hardness is about 27 kg · cm-2．It is resistant to cracking and storage and transportation．The flesh is red and crisp flesh．The central soluble solid content is about 12.1% and 9.8% near rind．The average weight of a single melon is about 6.4 kg，and the yield is about 63 t · hm-2．It is suitable for early spring greenhouse cultivation or spring and summer open field cultivation in Shanxi Province and similar ecological region．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 121-124 [
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A New Squash F1 Hybrid —‘Jinghu 42’
LI Haizhen，ZHANG Fan，ZHANG Guoyu，TIAN Jiaxing，JIA Zhangcai，XIE Shui
‘Jinghu 42’is a new squash F1 hybrid bred for special disease resistant in greenhouse．It is developed by taking disease resistant inbred line‘865’as female parent and‘820’as male parent．It is of medium early maturing and has strong growth vigor．Its stem is thick and strong．It has strong continuous fruit setting ability under low temperature and weak light．It is resistant to powdery mildew，ZYMV，WMV，and PRSV．Its fruit is emerald green in color，medium long cylindrical shape and straight，with good commodity．It can yield about 180 t · hm-2．It is suitable for overwintering greenhouse planting in areas of North China，Northwest China，Huang-huai-hai，and Northeast China.
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 125-127 [
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A New Flowering Chinese Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Nongfeng 70 tiancaixin’
CHEN Muxi，LI Shuxi，LIN Zhixian，CHEN Yinxia，ZHENG Hanfan，LIN Wen
‘Nongfeng 70 tiancaixin’is a new flowering Chinese cabbage F1 hybrid developed by using Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility line‘LN-20’as female parent and inbred line‘Linong No.27’as male parent．It is of medium maturity，and takes about 40 days from sowing to first harvest．It is of erect plant type．The average plant height is 30.3 cm，and spreading degree is 20.0 cm．Its leaf blade is of oval shape，dark green in color and glossy．The average leaf length is 24.9 cm，leaf width is 8.2 cm and petiole length is 6.4 cm．It is stout and well-proportioned with short petioles，tight，crispy and sweet meat．Its average plant height is 27.6 cm with 2.1 cm transverse diameter and 68 g single plant weight．The VC content is 166.2 mg · kg-1，soluble solid content is 3.0%，and crude protein content is 1.32%．It has strong growth vigor with neatly bolting．It can yield about 19.5 t · hm-2．It is suitable for planting in plain areas of Guangdong Province．
2024 Vol. 1 (3): 128-130 [
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2024 Vol. 1 (3): 131-133 [
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2024 Vol. 1 (3): 134-138 [
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2024 Vol. 1 (3): 139-142 [
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