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Current Issue
2023 Vol.1 Issue.11,
Published 2023-11-01
1
Current Situation，Problems and Suggestions for China’s Protected Vegetable Structures
LI Jianming
Hot!
Such protected structures as greenhouses provide good environmental conditions for vegetable growth and quality．To improve and build new-typed，high cost-effective protected structure combining both farm machines and techniques is the essential way to push forward the high-quality development of protected vegetables．In this article，we summarized the status quo of old-typed greenhouse and tunnel structures in northwestern，northern，northeastern and eastern China．We stated the different types of the commonly-built new single greenhouses，tunnels and multi-span greenhouses，the types of wall materials for greenhouses，heat preservation covering materials，and the types of energy utilization．We analyzed the major existing problems in the protected structures and environmental control of China’s vegetable growth． In this article we also proposed to choose the greenhouse designing structures according to regional environment，crop differences and the managing grower，and to integrate the new structures，new equipment and new materials in protected structure designing．We suggest that greenhouse transformation schemes be made so as to reduce the fund for building new greenhouse；that protected facilities with excellent performances be built under effective organization and with the leading of good policies，and that more projects and programs for technological breakthrough be approved to solve the key problems existing in protected structure designing and building．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 1-8 [
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9
Development Current Situation，Tendency，and Countermeasure for China’sPepper Industry
QIAO Lijuan，ZHAO Banghong，ZONG Yixiang，KOU Chunyu，DONG Yuhan
In order to thoroughly grasp the strategic position of China’s pepper industry in global market；study and judge the development trend of pepper industry；and crack the problems existing in industry，this paper analyzed the development situation and new trend facing the pepper industry by systematic and continuous on-site research and data retrieval，from the aspects of industry scale，international trade，price information，planting benefit and technical innovation．The results showed when the industrialization level of pepper was rapidly improving and consumer group was rapidly expanding，problems of unstable planting profit，impacting international market，and continuous rising of planting cost were needed by strong support in the following aspects of industrial policy，fine varieties promotion and improvement of mechanization level etc．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 9-15 [
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126
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16
Current Situation and Suggestions for Vegetable Seed Industry Development in Henan Province
YAO Qiuju1，CHANG Xiaoke1，MAO Dan2，ZHU Weiling3，DONG Xiaoyu1*
Hot!
Henan is a big province in vegetable production and marketing．Its planting area and output rank first in the country，but the development of vegetable seed industry is insufficient．The proportion of local varieties is too small，which has become the short board of Henan vegetable industry．This paper reviewed the development actuality of Henan vegetable seed industry from the aspects of planting scale，scientific research basis，private seed industry and host exhibition，etc．；put forward problems existing in Henan seed industry，including technical bottlenecks in breeding，imperfect collaborative innovation in science and enterprise，lacking of original varieties，etc.；and comprehensively came up with the countermeasures from perspectives as establishing the fusion mechanism of science and enterprise，strengthening scientific and technological innovation in seed industry，etc.，so as to make the vegetable seed industry in Henan Province bigger and stronger for sustainable development．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 16-21 [
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109
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22
Genetic Diversity of Chinese Cabbage Analyzed by STR Fluorescence Labeling Method
ZHONG Shichao，LI Xiaoxuan，FAN Mingxi，TAN Haoran，CHEN Xiaofeng*
Fingerprints and molecular IDs of cabbage germplasm in Yantai were constructed using STR molecular marker technology with 19 cabbage varieties as test materials．Following the principle of chromosome and amplification band diversity，9 pairs of STR fluorescent primers were screened out，and genetic diversity was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and multiplexed capillary fluorescence electrophoresis，and STR fingerprints of Chinese cabbage germplasm were constructed，and the results of the fingerprints were coded and assigned，and molecular ID cards were further constructed，and the genetic relationship among varieties was also analyzed by clustering．The results showed that the nine pairs of STR primers screened had good polymorphism，and could effectively distinguish the 19 cabbage varieties participating in the test．A total of 52 alleles were detected in the nine pairs of primers，and each pair of primers detected 3-8 alleles，with an average of 5.777 8；the Shannon information index（I）varied from 0.714 2 to 1.668 5，with an average of 1.378 7；Nei’s gene diversity index（H）varied from 0.447 4 to 0.789 5，with an average of 0.692 7；polymorphism information content（PIC）varied from 0.368 1 to 0.757 2，withan average of 0.644 2；the amplified STR bands were analyzed and coded，and the molecular identity cards of 19 Chinese cabbage varieties were constructed successfully．The results of cluster analysis showed that when the genetic similarity coefficient（GS）was 0.66，the 19 cabbage varieties were divided into 3 groups，with obvious regional characteristics．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 22-33 [
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34
Development of KASP Markers for Pepper High Polymorphism
ZHANG Tao1，2，CHANG Lichun2，GUO Chungui，ZHANG Liguo，WU Jian，LIANG Jianli，GAO Jie，WANG Xiaowu2*
Hot!
Aiming at the lack of stable and highly polymorphic SNP markers of peppers，KASP markers were designed at a spacing of 20 cM according to the correspondence between the high-density genetic map and the physical map of peppers，and a total of 234 pairs of KASP primers were designed．F2 isolated population screening was used to obtain 159 pairs of primers with polymorphism，and the success rate of labeling design was 67.9%．Using a group of 207 peppers from 14 introduction sites，the polymorphism and stability of primers were verified for high-throughput system transformation and labeling．The polymorphism of 141 selected markers was detected by high-throughput genotyping system，of which 130 KASP markers were successfully typed，with a success rate of 92%，and the number of markers with polymorphism in pepper materials varied from 24-129，and the corresponding polymorphism site percentage range was 18.46%-99.23%．A set of KASP markers containing 130 pepper KASP markers was developed and evenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes of peppers，and through the typing of 14 domestic pepper varieties from the source of introduction，it was proved that this set of marker polymorphisms is highly polymorphic and universal，and is suitable for high-throughput genotyping of pepper varieties.
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 34-46 [
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47
Fine Mapping and Candidate Gene-Specific Marker Development of the BRACHYTIC（BR）Gene in Tomato
YANG Pei，NING Yu，WEI Kai，LIU Xiaolin，YANG Mengxia，LI Shanshan，WANG Xiaoxuan，GUO Yanmei，LIU Lei，Li Xin，DU Yongchen，LI Junming，HUANG Zejun*
Hot!
The dwarf and compact architecture of tomato conduces to the rapid adoption of agricultural practices．The brachytic（br）locus，which contributes to the short internode and plant dwarfism，has been successfully used in tomato breeding．In this study，we used Heinz1706 and VFNT Cherry，an indeterminate tomato variety containing the br locus，to construct a series of segregation populations．Through recombinant screening and progeny test，the br locus was delimited to a region of 14.9 kb between the molecular markers HP5589 and ZP273，and in this region，gene prediction analysis revealed two genes，Solyc01g066970 and Solyc01g066980，both of which are homologous to Arabidopsis Flowering Promoting Factor 1（FPF1）．Genome resequencing and sequence comparison confirmed a large deletion of the Solyc01g066980 gene in VFNT Cherry．Based on this sequence polymorphism，a co-dominant PCR molecular marker BRD was developed to facilitate the rapid implementation of the br locus．The results will be very useful for tomato breeding programs and for a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of plant architecture and height manipulation．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 47-55 [
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56
Effects of Different LED Light Qualities on Growth，Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Mustard Sprouts
MO Yanling1，LUO Yalan2，LIU Yihua1，ZENG Jing1，GUO Jian3，CHEN Jingjing1*
Hot!
The effects of different LED light qualities on growth，nutritional quality and antioxidant property of mustard sprouts were studied using‘Shaguodiqingcai’mustard as material，which were treated with five treatments including white light（control），green light，red light，blue light and red/blue light（R∶B = 3∶2）．The results showed that compared with control（white light），blue light promoted the growth of mustard sprouts，improved the nutritional quality，and enhanced the antioxidant ability．Specifically，blue light significantly increased the plant fresh mass，plant dry mass，edible fresh mass and output rate of mustard sprouts，improved the contents of soluble protein，soluble sugar，free amino acid，VC，anthocyanin，total phenolic and total flavonoid，decreased the crude fibre content，enhanced the DPPH free radical scavenging ability，and upregulated the gene expression levels of BjPAL and BjCHI that play vital roles in synthesis pathway of phenols．Using the membership function method to comprehensively assess，it was found that blue light made mustard sprouts get the highest membership function value，thus was the best light environment regulatory illuminant to cultivate mustard sprouts．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 56-62 [
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63
Pathogenic Bacteria Isolation and Identification of Brown Leaf Spot on Strawberry in Henan Province and Screening of Control Fungicides
YUAN Hongbo☆，WANG Zhuoni☆，QIN Genhong，SHI Bingke，WANG Li，HOU Hui，GONG Wenfe ng2*，TU Hongtao1*
In order to definite the pathogenic bacteria species of strawberry brown leaf spot in main strawberry production regions of Henan Province，and screen safe and effective control fungicides，this study separated and purified pathogenic bacteria of strawberry brown leaf spot from diseased strawberry plants in Henan，screened 6 kinds of fungicides，and evaluated their control effects．This pathogenic bacteria was identified by morphology and molecular biology as Pilidium concavum. Among the 6 fungicides，the antibacterial effect of 450 g · L-1 prochloraz water emulsion was the best. Its control effect on strawberry brown leaf spot reached 83%，and its EC50 was 2.449 7 mg · L-1．It could be used as a candidate agent for field control on Henan strawberry brown leaf spot．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 63-68 [
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69
Identification and Evaluation of Disease Resistance in Pepper Germplasms from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
YU Hailong☆，JIN Yuan☆，ZHOU Daiyuan，ZHANG Zhenghai，CAO Yacong，WU Huamao，FENG Xigang，ZHANG Baoxi，WANG Xiuzhi，CUI Congcong*，WANG Lihao*
Hot!
To clarify the resistance background of pepper germplasms in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，the disease resistance of 98 pepper germplasms from the Inner Mongolia were identified by molecular markers combined with artificial inoculation for pepper mild mottle virus disease（PMMoV），tomato spotted wilt virus disease（TSWV），bacterial spot disease of pepper and anthracnose disease of pepper．The results showed that 6 and 8 pepper germplasms carried the target fragments using by the PMMoV resistance locuslinked markers IH1-04 and 087H3T7，respectively．Eight germplasms were resistant to PMMoV after artificial inoculation，which were consistent with the presence of resistence locus screening by marker 087H3T7．Four pepper germplasms carried the linkage marker SCAC568 of TSWV resistance gene，Tsw，which was consistent with the identification results of artificial inoculation．Ten pepper germplasms were detected to be positive by the bacterial spot disease-resistance locus Bs2-linked markers Bs2-L1/R1，Bs2-S45 and Bs2-14F/R．No anthracnose resistant germplasms was found with microinjection（wounding）inoculation method using the fungal（Colletotrichum acutatum）isolate of pepper anthracnose.
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 69-79 [
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Genetic Analysis of Plant Height Trait in Pepper with Major Gene Plus Polygene Mixed Model
PANG Xin，GUO Qinwei，ZHANG Ting，LIU Huiqin，LIU Jia，YU Jiahong，SONG Qiuping，WAN Hongjian*
Hot!
Plant height is one of the important agronomic characters in pepper，which directly affects lodging resistance and yield．To explore the genetic characteristics on plant height in pepper，a dwarf inbred line‘ B1-2’ was crossed a tall inbred line‘ D50’，and the major gene plus polygene mixed genetic model was carried out to conduct a genetic analysis for 6 generations（P1，P2，F1，B1，B2 and F2）．The results indicated that the most suitable genetic model of pepper plant height is E-1（two pairs of additive-dominantepistatic major genes + additive-dominant polygenes）． Additive effect values of the two pairs of major genes of plant height were both 3.408 7，and the dominant effect values were 1.369 8 and -0.734 6，respectively．The inheritability of major genes was 34.18%，67.48%，66.45% in B1，B2 and F2，and the inheritability of polygene was 46.84%，12.85% and 21.99%，respectively．In this study，the plant height was genetically controlled jointly by major genes and polygenes，and the environment showed little effect．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 80-86 [
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87
Quality Identification and Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Different Palatable Tomato Varieties
CAI Run，SUN Zhengliang，HU Jing’ang，GONG Haijun*，ZHANG Yan*
Hot!
In order to select tomato varieties with excellent quality and suitable for consumer demand，15 palatable tomato varieties were used as materials to determine the relevant indexes of fruit commercial quality and nutritional quality，and the comprehensive quality of each variety was evaluated and compared by using the method of the affiliation function，correlation analysis of genetic variations，principal component analysis and cluster analysis．The results showed that there were large differences in quality and taste among the varieties；genetic variation and correlation analysis showed that quality traits such as soluble sugar content，sugar-acid ratio，total phenolic content and tomato taste were closely related；the results obtained by using principal component analysis had a high degree of similarity with those obtained by manual tasting evaluation and analysis by the subordinate function method，and three varieties with better overall quality were selected by combining the subordinate function method and the principal component analysis method P124，P190 and P209，with high taste evaluation scores，high nutrient contents of lycopene，VC，flavonoids and total phenols，high soluble sugar content and suitable sugar-acid ratio，good taste and rich flavor，and good promotion value．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 87-97 [
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Resistance Monitoring of Tetranychus urticae Koch to Five Acaricides in Jiangsu Province
JIANG Gaiqing，HUANG Mengli，LI Xueyin，XING Mengke，ZHANG Bowen
In order to clarify the resistance status of strawberry Tetranychus urticae to common acaricides in Jiangsu Province，we monitored the resistance level of T. urticae collected from Lishui，Qixia，Gaochun and Jiangning in Nanjing city，Baitu in Zhenjiang city，Taixing in Taizhou city，Jiaze in Changzhou city and Yanzhuang in Xuzhou city to five acaricides using a leaf-dip bioassay．The results showed that most of the field populations in 8 regions were sensitive to four acaricides，including cyetpyrafen 30% SC，bifenazate 43% SC，cyenopyrafen 30% SC and cyflumetofen 20% SC（RR = 5.045 - 36.267），and some were in low to moderate level of resistance．Only Jiangning population had high resistance to bifenazate 43% SC（RR = 62.605）．However，all the field populations had resistance to avermectin 3% ME，and the resistance ratio ranged from 6.599 to 340.995，which was at a low to very high level of resistance．There were significant regional differences in the resistance levels of different acaricides．In the control of strawberry T. urticae， attention should be paid to the rotation of insecticides according to the local background of insecticide use，to the development of insecticide resistance．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 98-103 [
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104
A New Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Yuanzhoulv’
LI Qiang，SU Yanbin，GU Liqiang，WANG Ying，ZHAO Yuqian，ZHANG Guoli，SHI Yanli
‘Yuanzhoulv’is a new cabbage F1 hybrid，which was developed by crossing cytoplasmic male sterile line‘CMS04C33’as the female parent and self-compatible inbred line‘S18’as the male parent．It is an early maturing cultivar．It takes about 52 days from planting to harvesting．The plant type is semideveloped，average plant height is 32.5 cm．The leaves are dark green with little wax powder，the knot ball is tight，the leaf ball is round and spherical，the leaf is green，the average longitudinal diameter is 16.0 cm，the transverse diameter is 16.5 cm，the center column length is 7.0 cm，and the single ball mass is about 1.4 kg．Resistance to early bolting，and high resistance to Fusarium wilt．Its average yield is about 70.5 t · hm-2．It is suitable for spring open field planting in Beijing and Hebei．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 104-106 [
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107
A New Bean Variety —‘Liannongyufengjiadou’
LIU Xiugen，GUO Jianhua*
‘Liannongyufengjiadou’is a new variety of early rack bean，which was systematically selected from a single variation of‘Liannongtenen No.5’through 6 generations in 4 years．It is sprawling，and its height can reach 3 m．The first flower node between 0-3th．It needs about 76 days from sowing to the harvest．The commodity pod is white，long and soft，with round stick shape．The average pod length is 23.0 cm，the pod shape index is 1.11，and the average single pod weight is 22 g．The soluble protein content reaches 606.0 mg · kg-1，the crude fiber content is 0.72%．The number of the seeds is 6-10 per pod，its color is yellow，and the thousand seed weight is about 330 g．Its resistance to root rot and stem-base rot in the field was stronger than that of‘Liannongtenen No.5’．Its yield was about 45 t · hm-2．It is very suitable for greenhouse and open field planting both in spring and autumn at Shandong Province，Hebei Province and Liaoning Province．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 107-109 [
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A New Melon F1 Hybrid —‘Guimi’
WANG Yan，JIANG Caixue，WANG Xuancang
‘Guimi’is a new medium-maturity melon F1 hybrid，which developed by crossing inbred line‘T10-6-21’as female parent and inbred line‘T22-7-3’as male parent．The whole growing period is 85-90 days，and fruit development period is 45-48 days．The fruit is elliptic shaped，with yellow skin and orange flesh and crisp with juicy．The flesh thickness is 3.8-4.5 cm，and its central soluble solid content is 16.0%-18.0%．The average weight of single fruit is 2.8-3.5 kg．It has moderate resistance to downy mildew，bacterial keratosis．The yield is 33-42 t · hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation in open land in Northern Xinjiangand facilities in Hainan Province．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 110-112 [
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113
A New Sweet Potato Variety —‘Ganshu No.8’
LAN Mengjiao，XIAO Manqiu，PAN Hao，LU Lingzhi，HOU Longying，GE Ruihua，WU Wensheng*
‘Ganshu No.8’is a new sweet potato variety with high dry matter rate，which was bred by crossing‘Yushu 17’as female parent and‘Ganshu 7-10’‘Ganshu 18-11’‘Zheshu 13’‘Quanshu No.9’‘Xushu 18’and‘Yuzi No.7’as male parents．Its storage root is of long spindle shape with red skin and light-yellow flesh．The single plant tubers number is 5-6．The average single potato weight is 90.0 g．The average dry matter rate is 40.6%．The cooked tuber tastes sweet，glutinous and fragrance．It is resistant to stem-nematode and root rot，and medium resistant to black spot．The tubers are concentrated and orderly．Its fresh root yield is about 27 t · hm-2 and that of dried root is 9 t · hm-2．It is suitable for planting in spring，summer and autumn sweet potato production areas of Jiangxi Provinces and Hunan Provinces，and can becultivated as high-quality edible mini-type sweet potato．
2023 Vol. 1 (11): 113-116 [
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2023 Vol. 1 (11): 117-123 [
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2023 Vol. 1 (11): 124-127 [
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2023 Vol. 1 (11): 128-130 [
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2023 Vol. 1 (11): 131-134 [
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