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Current Issue
2011 Vol.1 Issue.18,
Published 2011-09-01
1
Strategy for Potato Nitrogen Management
QIN Yong-lin，FAN Ming-shou
Rational N management in potato（Solanum tuberosum L.）production is taking high yield and high efficiency as its objective．This paper analyzes the present status of N utilization in potato and puts forward thoughts according to the existing problems in potato N management，as selecting proper cultivation measures on the basis of understanding potato requirement rule for nitrogen and N flow direction in potato field．As for the strategy of N management，this paper puts forward ideas of controlling the total N amount along with regulation by stages，effecting precise diagnosis of N nutrition status at key growing period，adopting rational fertilization method，studying and developing new slow/controlled- release nitrogen fertilizers for potato．Before ending，the paper prospects the research direction for potato nitrogen management．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 1-5 [
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6
Research Progress in Physiological Race Division of Cabbage Black Rot and Its Resistance Identification
HUANG De-fen，LI Cheng-qiong*，SI Jun，REN Xue-song，SONG Hong-yuan
Cabbage（Brassica oleracea var．capitata L.）black rot is one of the main diseases in cruciferous crops．The division of physiological races and methods of resistance identification are directly related to the development and progress of resistance breeding．Therefore，this paper summarizes the internal and external research progress in these two aspects．It also prospects the research direction for cabbage black rot resistance breeding in the future．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 6-10 [
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11
Analysis of Seed Yield Components between Two Cabbage（Brassica oleracea var.capitata L．）Male Sterile Lines
WANG Qing-biao，FANG Zhi-yuan*，ZHANG Yang-yong，LIU Yu-mei，YANG Li-mei，ZHUANG Mu，CHEN Chen
The differences of seed yield and component factors among dominant genic male sterile line DGMS02-12，cytoplasmic male sterile line CMSR302-12 and inbred line of cabbage（Brassica oleracea var. capitata L．）02-12 were studied．The results showed that the differences of seed yield per plant and plot yield between DGMS02-12 and CMSR302-12 were significant．The whole plant valid siliqua and seeds per siliqua were the main factors for the differences of seed yield between these two male sterile lines of cabbage．The seed yield at the 1st branch account for more than 80% of per plant seed yield，and there were significantly positive correlations and high path coefficient between seed yield and seeds per siliqua and the valid siliqua at the 1st branch．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 11-15 [
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1030
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16
Association Analysis of Nitrogen Use Efficiency（NUE）In Brassica campestris L.
ZHAI Wen1，2，LIN Liang-bin1，LI Shi-kai3，DING Jian-ming2，4，WANG Qian3，CHENG Feng2，WANG Xiao-wu2，WU Jian2*
In order to illustrate the genetic mechanism of nitrogen use efficiency（NUE）and identify the gene-linked markers for NUE in Brassica campestris L.，we genotyped 160 representative B. campestris accessions using 207 Insertion/Deletion（InDel）locus evenly distributed along the genome. Population structure was firstly analyzed for the population，then the structure-based association analysis between InDel locus and 10 leaf morphology and biomass traits in two contrasting N environments was performed by using TASSEL GLM（general linear model）program. Genetic structure analysis showed that 160 lines were composed of five subpopulations. We identified 45 and 35 markers significantly associated with 10 traits in experiments performed in Yunnan and Beijing，respectively. Among those，4 markers were co-localized in two experiments and the loci identified explained 0.06 of the phenotypic variance on average. There were 86 significant locus were identified only under one N condition，which might due to that N supply condition changed expression or regulation some of genes.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 16-24 [
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25
Genetic Relationship between Chinese Cabbage with Orange Color in Inner Head and Purple Color in Leaf
ZHANG De-Shuang, WANG Wei-Hong, ZHANG Feng-Lan, ZHAO Xiu-Yun, YU Yang-Jun, YU Shuan-Cang, XU Jia-Bing, LU Gui-Xiang
F1，F2，BC1 and BC2 generations were obtained through crossing，self-crossing and backcrossing by Chinese cabbage（Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis）of orange color in inner head with pakchoi〔Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis（L.）Makino var. communis Tsen et Lee〕of purple color in leaf，in order to study the genetic relationship between inner head color and leaf color．Results showed that colors of F1 hybrids were non orange-purple colors．The ratios of 4 genotypes were close to 9 non orange-purple∶3 non orange-non purple∶3 orange-purple∶1 orange-non purple for F2 progenies．The ratio of orange-purple genotype ororPr- was close to 18.75%，of which was close to 6.25% for pure orange-purple genotype ororPrPr．For BC1 progenies，the ratios of 4 genotypes were close to 1 non orange-purple∶1 non orange-non purple∶1 orange-purple∶1 orange-non purple．For BC2 progenies，all plants owned non orange-purple colors．Results of x2 test deeply showed that the genetic relationship between inner head color and leaf color on Chinese cabbage and pakchoi was not linked，which controlled by 2 independent genes．Orange gene or was located on the end of chromosome 1 in A genome．Purple gene was located on some chromosomes except chromosome 1，which or gene was located．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 25-29 [
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30
QTL Analysis of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Resistance in Pepper（Capsicum annuum L.）
ZHAO Juan1，2，WANG Li-hao1，MAO Sheng-li1，ZHANG Zheng-hai1，YUN Xin-fu2，ZHANG Bao-xi1*
In this paper，a F2 population including 146 individuals were used for research，which were derived from CMV resistant pepper（Capsicumm annuum L.）inbred line‘perennial’and sensitive inbred line‘Qiemen’with good horticultural traits．Based on screening the SRAP and SSR primers and analyzing genotypes of the F2 population，a genetic linkage map of pepper was constructed．F3 population（4 380 individuals）which derived from F2 146 selfed individuals were used for inoculate CMV．Then 3 main QTLs were located in linkage group 1，4 and 7，respectively，which accounted for 12.7%，38.8% and 11.0% of the total resistance variance.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 30-35 [
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36
Studies on Agro-bacterium-mediated Transformation of Potato with P2300-pa-8e Gene
YANG Zhi-chao1，ZHANG Li-li1，LU Cui-hua1*，DI Hong1，JIANG Li-li1，ZHANG Zheng-guo1，LIN Zhong-ping2，HU Yuan-lei2
P2300-pa-8e gene was originated from Bt185，which exists in insect resistance transcription factor．In this study，P2300-pa-8e gene was transferred into the potato（Solanum tuberosum L.）cultivars，‘Zaodabai’and‘Kexin No.18’by agro-bacterium-mediated transformation，and influence factors of genetic transformation were optimized．Microtuber discs were used as explants．19 resistant plants of‘Zaodabai’and 21 resistant plants of‘Kexin No.18’were obtained．Resistant plants were blot analyzed by PCR detection，of which 5 and 9 plants were positive．And these resistand plants were analyzed by Southern-blot，of which 4 and 6 plants had a positive amplification．Southern blot showed that single copies of the P2300-pa-8e gene were inserted into the genome of the transgenic plants．By the result of insect-resistant experiment，the transgenic materials showed resistance to coleopteran pests Holotrichia parallela and the larvae of Holotrichia oblita（Fald.）．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 36-40 [
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41
The Effect of Cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）Seed Soaked with Chlorocholine Chloride under Different Day and Night Temperature
GAO Xiao-xu，ZHANG Zhi-gang，DONG Chun-juan，SHANG Qing-mao*
Experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of temperature on the effect of chlorocholine chloride（CCC）controlling excessive growth of cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）seedlings，by using 4 different day/night temperature conditions．The results showed that CCC treatments could not control the excessive growth of hypocotyls in environment condition of day/night temperature of 35 ℃/ 25 ℃．Under the day/night temperature of 28 ℃/18 ℃ or 25 ℃/15 ℃ environment，as the temperature decreased，the concentrations of CCC for seed soaking，which was needed for strong seedling cultivation，were reduced accordingly．The best controlling effect were gained by 2 000 mg?L-1 and 500 mg?L-1 CCC，respectively．When the day/night temperature was 20 ℃/10 ℃，the growth of seedlings were significantly inhibited by CCC treatments，and hypocotyls were shortened，while the control treatment was not spindling，thus soaking seed with CCC was unnecessary under this condition．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 41-46 [
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47
Effects of Short-term Low NO3- Treatment during Seedling Stage on Growth，Yield and Quality of Hydroponic Cucumber
LIU Xiao-ran，JIANG Wei-jie*，YU Hong-jun，NING Xiu-juan，YANG Xue-yong
This experiment was carried out with greenhouse cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）seedling grown in nutrient solutions with different concentration of NO3-，for a short period treatment．The growth and development indicators，photosynthetic characteristics，yield and quality of cucumber plant were investigated during treatment and recovery phases．The results indicated that short-term low NO3- treatment reduced vegetative growth and photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber seedlings．However，after a period of recovery，there was no difference in cucumber yield，while the fruit quality was improved as compared with the control．T2（5 mmol?L-1 NO3-）achieved the highest stomatal conductance，intercellular CO2 concentration and net photosynthetic rates which increased 15.25%，4.90%，3.28% compared with the CK，respectively．T2 had a low impact on fruit yield but its VC content increased 14.92% compared with the CK，and the nitrate content of T2 was 20.52% lower than that of the CK．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 47-51 [
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52
Effects of Different Microbial Fertilizers on Continuous Cropping Cucumber Growth and Soil Physiochemical Properties
WANG Tao1，XIN Shi-jie2，QIAO Wei-hua1，LIU Xia2，AO Yan-song2*
A pot experiment was performed to study the effects of 4 microbial fertilizers（Lianchawang，Trichoderma，Jinbaobei and Hugenbao）on continuous cropping cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）growth and soil physiochemical properties．Results showed that 4 microbial fertilizers significantly promoted the continuous cropping cucumber growth，among which Hugenbao microbial fertilizer had the best effects on vine length，leaf number，leaf dry weight，total plant dry weight and leaf area index of continuous cropping cucumber among the 4 microbial fertilizers，by increasing 54.8%，40.0%，96.0%，94.9% and 73.2%，respectively compared with the control，the difference reached significant level．Microbial fertilizers significantly increased chlorophyll and carotenoid content in cucumber leaves except for Jinbaobei．Lianchawang microbial fertilizer had the best effects on chlorophyll and carotenoid content in cucumber leaves，the increased range was 34.0% and 28.0%，respectively compared with the control．Trichoderma microbial fertilizer treatment could significantly decrease bulk weight and increase porosity of cucumber cropping soil．In addition，the 4 microbial fertilizers could significantly improve the chemical properties of cucumber cropping soil．Trichoderma microbial fertilizer treatment could increase soil pH，organic matter，and available nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium content by 4.3%，14.3%，21.5%，14.1% and 14.8%，respectively compared with the control，the difference reached significant level．In general，the order of comprehensive effect of 4 microbial fertilizers on cucumber continuous cropping obstacle was Trichoderma＞Hugenbao＞Lianchawang＞Jinbaobei.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 52-57 [
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58
Allelopathy of Watermelon and Analysis of Its Allelochemical
ZHENG Yang-xia，TANG Hai-dong，LI Huan-xiu，HE Zhong-qun，QIN Yao-guo
Watermelon〔Citrullus lanatus（Thunb.）Matsum. et Nakai〕allelopathy was studied by bioassay method，and allelochemical in root，stem-leaf and root exudates were detected by GC-MS．The results showed that watermelon seed germination and seedling growth were promoted at 2.5 g?L-1 concentration of the root and stem-leaf aqueous extracts，while they were restrained under condition of their 5.0 g?L-1 concentration．The inhibiting effect became stronger with the increasing of concentrations．The inhibiting effect of stem-leaf was more than that of root at the same concentration．The root exudates promoted the seed germination and seedling growth at 2.5 μL?L-1．It began to restrain the seed germination and seedling growth at the point of 5.0 μL?L-1．32 chemicals were detected from root，stem-leaf and root exudates，of which 14 were esters chemicals．There were 14 in root，19 in stem-leaf，and 22 in root exudates，some of these chemicals which were previously reported were allelochemicals．The results revealed that there were obvious differences in different tissues of watermelon，so allelopathy was different.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 58-63 [
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64
Studies on Cytology of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility of Cauliflowers（Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L.）
ZHU Hui-xia，TAO Xing-lin，HU Li-min*
In this paper，taking cytoplasmic male sterility line 09-R9 as experimental material and fertile material 24 as the control，anther abortion processes of cytoplasmic male sterility in cauliflowers Brassica oleracea L. var．botrytis L．was studied by paraffin section．The result showed that the anther of cytoplasmic male sterility could partially form normal pollen sac，before microspore mother cell stage，the pollen development had been interrupted．Finally，the normal pollen sac were disappeared．In microspore mother cell stage，no tapetum was found，the anther might not form tapetum．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 64-67 [
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68
Analysis and Assessment on Nutritional Quality of Different Tomato Varieties
ZHANG Chuan-wei，SONG Shu-yao*，ZHAO Chun-bo，WEN Tao，SUN Kai
The nutritional quality of 25 different tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）varieties in Jilin Province market were evaluated by measuring their fine and bad qualities．Then they were analyzed by the membership function method in fuzzy mathematics．The results showed that the qualities of different tomato varieties were greatly different．Among these 25 tomato varieties，‘Xiuguang 306’，‘Jinpeng No.1’，‘Dongnong 708’，‘Yufan No.1’had better nutritional quality．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 68-73 [
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74
Influence of Seed Disinfection Methods on Aseptic Welsh Onion Tissue Culture
DONG Fei1，CHEN Yun-qi2*，LIU Shi-qi1，GAO Li-min2，WANG Chuan-zeng1
Used sodium hypochlorite and mercuric chloride 2 common disinfectants to conduct disinfection treatment for welsh onion（Allium fistulosum L.）and studied the effect of Tween-20 onion seed disinfection．The results showed that 40 min soak in 2% sodium hypochlorite，and adding Tween-20 before and after disinfection was the highest in disinfection effect for welsh onion seeds，could significantly improve seed germination rate，germination energy and reduced pollution rate．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 74-76 [
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77
Residue Dynamics of Fungicide Pyraclostrobin on Chinese Cabbages
ZHANG Shao-jun，ZHENG Zhen-shan，CHEN Yong-da，WANG Li，QIAN Xun
Liquid chromatography with UV detection was used to determine pyraclostrobin residues in Chinese cabbage〔Brassica compestris L. ssp. pekinensis（Lour）Olsson〕．The dynamics of degradation of pyraclostrobin residues in Chinese cabbages in Hebei and Hunan Provinces were studied．The results showed that the limit of determination was 0.04 mg?kg-1．The recoveries were 70%～106% and coefficients of variation were 6.6%～10% between the concentration of 0.04～2.00 mg?kg-1．The results indicated that the half lives of pyraclostrobin in Chinese cabbages in Hebei and Hunan were 2.97 d and 3.34 d，respectively．According to the research findings，when pyraclostrobin being applied 3 and 4 times to Chinese cabbage fields with dosages of active ingredient of 187.50 and 281.25 g?hm-2，the residues of pyraclostrobin in Chinese cabbages 7 days after the last application were between 0.96～2.70 mg?kg-1．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 77-80 [
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81
Control Test of Different Pesticides on Pakchoi Clubroot in Linzhi Area
YUE Hai-mei1，GONG Wen-feng1，ZHANG Xin-jun2，WANG Mu1*，HE Jian-qing3
Used chemical pesticides 75% chlorothalonil WP and 40% carbendazim?thiram WP，biological pesticides Bacillus subtilis EW to control pakchoi clubroot in Linzhi area．The 3 pesticides applying methods were pharmaceutical irrigating，seed dressing and seed dressing+irrigating. The results indicated that 75% chlorothalonil WP seed dressing+irrigating had the most notable control effect，which could be high up to 95.6%．The control effect of biological pesticide Bacillus subtilis EW seed dressing + irrigating were 89.5%，there was no significant difference in control effect with 40% carbendazim?thiram WP seed dressing + irrigating（90.1%）．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 81-83 [
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84
A New Spring Chinese Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Jingchunhuang’
YU Yang-jun，ZHANG Feng-lan，ZHANG De-shuang，ZHAO Xiu-yun，YU Shuan-cang，XU Jia-bing，WANG Wei-hong
‘Jingchunhuang’is a new spring Chinese cabbage hybrid bred by crossing self-incompatible line 01bj25 with 0034．It takes about 55-60 days from transplanting to harvest. It is tolerant to bolting，and is resistant to virus，downy mildew and black rot. The plant is 39.0 cm in height．Its head shape is ovate with 27.3 cm of head height and 14.9 cm of head diameter．Its outer leaves are dark green．Its inner leaves are light yellow in color．Its average head weight is about 2.2 kg．Its yield in open field is about 90 t?hm-2．It has been extended to Beijing，Hebei，Shandong，Gansu，Yunnan and Guizhou.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 84-86 [
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87
A New Chinese Cabbage F1 Hybdd —‘Shiyuqiubao’
YUAN Rui-jiang，WANG Li-qiao，AN Jin-jun，ZHANG Mai-shou，YAO Yin-juan，YOU Xiu-na
‘Shiyuqiubao’is a new Chinese cabbage Fl hybrid，developed by crossing 2 self-incompatible lines 88-11-1 and 87-10-1．It takes 88 days from sowing to harvesting．Its leaf head is straight and unfolding（a few has pointed top）．Its plant height is 59-61 cm，expansion is 63 cm，longitudinal dia is 52-54 cm，transverse dia is 12-14 cm．The yield is 90-105 t?hm-2．It is of high quality．It has firm leaf head and little fiber．It does not easily bolting．It tastes good and is tolerant to storage and transportation．It is highly resistant to virus disease and black rot，and resistant to downy mildew．It is suitable for cultivation in Beijing，Tianjin，Hebei，Liaoning，Heilongjiang，Shandong，etc．regions in autumn as Chinese cabbage of middle and late maturity．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 87-89 [
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90
A New Radish F1 Hybrid —‘Rongyan No. 1’
FANG Shu-gui，CHEN Wen-hui*，ZENG Xiao-ling，HUANG Jian-du，ZHU Chao-hui
‘Rongyan No. 1’is a early-maturing and hot-resistant radish F1 hybrid developed by crossing male-sterility line 6-4-1A and inbred line 16-1-5．It takes 55 days from sowing to harvesting．The plant is 35 cm in height．Its fresh root is long cylinder with 26-28 cm in length．The root diameter is 5-6 cm．Both the skin and the flesh are white in color．The root weight is 0.4-0.5 kg，and the yield is about 52.5 t?hm-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in summer and autumn in Fujian Province．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 90-91 [
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92
A New Early-maturity Hot Pepper F1 Hybrid —‘Jingjiao No. 6’
WANG Chao-lian1，DING Hai-feng1*，WU Li-ya1，LIAO Yuan2，LI Quan3，XIA Yang1
‘Jingjiao No. 6’is a new early-maturing hot pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing 0373-1-4 as maternal line and 0421-8-3 as paternal line．The plant has medium growth vigor and the first flower sets on the 8-9th node．Its fruit is of long-conical shape with wrinkled surface．Its fruit is 23-25 cm in length，2.8-3.3 cm in diameter．The immature fruit is green and will turn dark red at maturity．The average single fruit weight is 63 g．It has great continuous fruit setting ability．It can yield 52.5 t?hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation both in open and protected fields in Northwest and Southwest parte of China．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 92-94 [
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95
A Hot Pepper F1 Hybrid —‘Ganke No. 5’
CHEN Wei-guo，ZHAO Bao-quan，ZHANG Guo-he，TIAN Bin，LI Ya-dong，LIU Ke-lu
‘Ganke No. 5’is a new hot pepper F1 hybrid developed by crossing 2 inbred lines P0608 and P0635．It is of mid-early maturity．It takes about 43 days from planting to harvesting．The plant has strong growth vigor．Its plant high is 90-100 cm and divergence is 65 cm．Its stem is thick．The leaves and fruits are dark green in color．Its fruit flesh is about 33 cm thick，and the average single fruit weight is 55 g．Each plant can bear 23-28 fruits．The fruit has strong piquant flavor and good quality．The Vitamin content is 1.41 g?kg-1．It has stronger resistance to phytophthora blight than the control‘Longjiao No. 2’The yield is about 66.0 t?hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation both in open and protected fields．It has been extended to 3 500 hm2 in Gansu，Xinjiang，Qinghai，Ningxia，Shaanxi，Yunnan，Guangxi，Hainan，etc.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 95-98 [
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99
A New Early-mid Maturing Cowpea Variety —‘Gandie No. 3’
XIONG Mei-zhen1，ZENG Liang-liang1，ZHOU Qing-hong2，FAN Shu-ying2*
‘Gandie No. 3’ is a new early-mid maturing variety of cowpea developed by crossing early maturing line 28-2G8 as female parent and early-mid maturing line 39B as male parent through system selection．It pods on both main vine and lateral vine．The first anthotaxy occurs at 4-6th nodes on the main vine．In spring，the duration from sowing to harvest is 55-60 days．In summer and autumn，its growing period is 40-45 days．Its pod is light green in color and 70-80 cm in length．Its yield can reach 42.0-44.3 t?hm-2．It has continuous pod bearing ability．It is suitable to be cultivated in the Yangtze river valley in spring，summer and autumn.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 99-101 [
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102
A New Watermelon F1 Hybrid —‘Shenkang 988’
GU Wei-hong1，SONG Rong-hao2，YANG Hong-juan1，MA Kun1
‘Shenkang 988’is a new watermelon F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line W6-9 as female parent and inbred line V13-1 as female parent．It has strong growth vigor．It is easy to set fruit in southern China with rainy and weak sunlight regions in spring sowing．Its fruit grows very fast．It is about 33 days from flowering to fruit maturing．The single fruit weight is about 5 kg．Its fruit is tall and of round shape and the fruit skin is light green with dark green middle stripe．The flesh is dark pink in color．It is juicy and crispy with good quality．It is tolerant to storage and transportation．Usually it can yield 45.0 t?hm-2．It is suitable for cultivation in open or protected fields in spring，summer and autumn．
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 102-104 [
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105
A New Melon F1 Hybrid —‘Sutian No. 1’
LIU Guang，YANG Xing-ping，XU Jin-hua，ZHU Ling-li，GAO Chang-zhou
‘Sutian No. 1’is new melon F1 hybrid developed by crossing M-123 as female parent and M-12-4 as male parent．It is medium-early maturity with about 35 days fruit development period．It is higher resistant to powdery mildew and gummy stem blight than the control‘Xiboluotuo’．Its fruits are round with smooth skin and cream color．Its flesh is white，soft and succulence with good smell．The fruit thickness is 3.5-4.0 cm．Its total soluble solids content is 15.0%-17.0%．The single fruit weight is 1.5-1.8 kg and average yield is 28.5-31.5 t?hm-2．It is suitable to be cultivated in protected field in East China in spring.
2011 Vol. 1 (18): 105-106 [
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