Tomato is rich in nutrition and unique in flavor．It is one of the largest consumption vegetables
in the world．Recently，people have increasing requirements on tomato quality．Chemical components
affecting tomato quality include sugar，organic acids，vitamin C and carotenoids，etc. metabolites，
determining the unique flavor，nutrients and appearance quality of tomato fruits and affecting the commodity
quality of tomato products．This paper expounded the metabolic pathway and internal regulatory mechanism of
these metabolites，aiming at providing new ideas and methods for improving tomato quality.

Taking cultivated inbred line‘ Foli112’ and wild inbred line‘ THMC170’ as parents，this paper
constructed 4 genetic generations（P₁，P₂，F₁，and F₂）．Major gene + polygene mixed inheritance model was
used to conduct genetic analysis on the tendril of first node in bitter gourd．Then，taking cultivated inbred line
‘Foli 734’ and semi-wild inbred line ‘AVBG1602’ as parents，this paper constructed another 4 genetic
generations（P₁，P₂，F₁，and F₂） and carried out analysis on the inheritance of tendril-branching．The results
showed that the first node occurred in bitter gourd plant tendril was controlled by 2 pairs of equi-dominant
major genes + additive-dominant polygenes genetic model（E-6 model） with the heritability of the major
gene was 15.81% and that of multiple genes was 7.83%．The tendril-branching of bitter gourd was controlled
by one dominant gene．The tendril-branching was dominant and tendril not branching was recessive．These
results have laid foundation for further analyzing genetic mechanism of tendril origin and development in
bitter gourd.

Taking additive-dominance genetic model，and using 19 orange carrot lines as experiment
material to prepare their 63 F₁ crosses，this paper studied the dynamic genetic law of Alternaria leaf blight
resistance during 3 stages．The results indicated that the additive effect was the major genetic effect，which
reached significant level during median and late stages（V_A=0.656 and 0.551）and increased significantly in
median stage，indicating that this stage was the suitable time to study related resistant genes．The dominance
effect was increased significantly and reached the highest value（V_D=0.311）in late stage．There were narrow
heritability and broad heritability existed in Alternaria leaf blight resistence．The highest were 0.574 and 0.827，
indicating that selecting resistant parent could improve disease resistance in offspring．Five parent materials，
which could significantly improve Alternaria leaf blight resistence in offspring，were obtained．They were
P12，P14，P15，P16，P17．

Taking tomato ‘Fenguan No.1’ as experimental material，this paper studied the effect of
different concentrations and application modes of histidine on tomato seed germination，plant growth and
micronutrients concentration．The results showed that soaking tomato seeds in solution added with 0.3
mmol·L^-1 histidine or in seed sprouting stage adding 0.2 mmol·L^-1 histidine could significantly promote seed
germination．In hydroponic experiment，0.1-0.2 mmol·L^-1 histidine root application could significantly
increase tomato plant height，root length，root and overground dry weight．And 0.1 mmol·L^-1 histidine spray
application could increase iron and zinc concentrations of tomato root and overground part significantly by
42.84%，150.52% and 28.50%，37.20%，respectively．According to practical production requirements，
selection of appropriate histidine applying concentration and method can achieve the effect of improving tomato
quality and increase tomato yield．

Taking watermelon（Citrullus lanatus L.） variety ‘Qingfeng’ as experimental material，this
paper studied the effect of light quality on watermelon seedling growth and photosynthetic characteristics under
conditions of artificial-light plant factory，and investigated high efficient artificial-light quality environment
for improving seedling quality and shortening nursing seedling period．The results showed that comparing with
the traditional light source fluorescent lamp（CK），the light quality 5R/4B/1Y （red light 150 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，
blue light 120 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，yellow light 30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1） had better advantage for nursing seedling．Under
5R/4B/1Y treatment the watermelon seedling was stumpish with thick stem．The chlorophyll content，net
photosynthetic rate and the strong seedling index were significantly higher than that of the CK．So，5R/4B/1Y
can be recommended as a better light quality recipe for artificial-light nursing seedling of watermelon.

By using L₉（3⁴） orthogonal experiment design method，this paper discussed the effects of 3
factors，namely cutting size，kinds of growth regulator and concentration，on the survival rate of ice vegetable
branch cutting．The results showed that among the 9 combined treatments，the highest survival rate was 80%．
All 3 factors had significant effects on the survival rate．The cutting size is the main factor affecting survival
rate，followed by kinds of growth regulator．Regulator concentration had the least influence．As the ice plant
shoots changed from the secondary lateral branch （old branch） to fourth lateral branch （tender branch），the
survival rate showed the tendency of gradual increasing．The effect of growth regulator on the test indexes was
GGR ＞ IAA ＞ NAA．The best cuttage method was to select the fourth lateral branch（3-4 mm）and soaked
it in 50 mg·L^-1 GGR for an hour．The survival rate could be up to 90.56%．

The flavor characteristics of huitlacoche of 2 maize varieties harvested at 3 harvesting time
were evaluated by electronic tongue assisted detection technology．The results showed that the tastes of
huitlacoche included sweetness，umami，sourness and saltiness．The effects of 2 maize varieties on sweetness
and umami of huitlacoche were not significant，while the effects of harvesting time on sweetness and umami
were significant．The sweetness response value decreased as the delay of harvesting time．While，the umami
response value increased as the delay of harvesting time．The best harvesting time for huitlacoche was 17-
20 days after inoculation．So，the electronic tongue assisted detection technology will have great application
potential in huitlacoche production.

This paper investigated and studied the epidemiological law and incidence factors of
tipburn of baby Chinese cabbage in Zhangye City，Gansu Province by field investigation and small pot
experiment．The results showed that there were 3 kinds of tipburn symptoms in fields，namely dry-type，leaf
rolling-type and rot-type．The sick leaves were concentrated in 19-40 leaves．The disease started on rosette
stage，developed slowly on heart covering stage，increased rapidly during balling period，and was basically
stable at maturity period．The occurrence of tipburn，Ca ²⁺ content，variety resistance，nitrogen fertilizer
application quantity，the soil total salt content，crops rotation characteristics and planting density，etc. fctors
were closely related．

This paper evaluated the vegetable waste resources of Hubei Province through literature
arrangement and data analysis；and studied the distribution characteristics．The results showed that the total
quantity of vegetable waste resources in 2017 was 2 060 000 t，including 1 640 000 t organic matter，51 200 t N，
27 900 t P，and 57 400 t K，accounting for 4.08% of the total quantity of chemical fertilizer in the province．
The vegetable waste resources quantity from Wuhan was the highest，accounting for 19.36% of the province．
The average quantity of vegetable waste resources from 17 cities of the province reached 1 666 kg·hm^-2，among
them the average organic matter and total N，P，K nutrients quantities were 1 334 kg·hm^-2 and 126 kg·hm^-2，
respectively．Xiantao City and Southwestern Hubei had the lowest quantity of vegetable waste resources per
unit area，followed by the Southeastern and Northwestern Hubei．Vegetable waste distribution in central
part of Hubei，including the Jianghan Plain was the highest．There were 24 vegetable monitoring points and
averagely 42 200 t vegetable waste in Hubei Province．The vegetable waste quantities in Jiangxia，Huangpi，
Xinzhou Districts and Jiayu County were bigger．The average quantities of organic matter and N，P，K
nutrients reached 33 800 t and 3 180 t，respectively．The vegetable waste quantities per unit area in Zaoyang
City was the highest，and that in Xuan’en and Xianfeng Counties were lower among all cities and counties of
the province．There were big differences in vegetable waste quantity of different vegetable types-about 27 100-
473 200 t．Among them，quantity of root vegetables was the highest，followed by cabbage vegetables and
legumes.

To clarify the application situation of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in potato production
bases of Shanxi Province，this paper conducted sampling investigation and analysis on chemical fertilizer
and pesticide at 23 villages of major potato growing regions．The results indicated that in Shanxi Province，
pesticides used in potato production were mainly chemical pesticides，accounting for 97.26%．There
were 28 pesticide products（10 insecticides，14 fungicides and 4 herbicides）mainly used for controlling
potato early blight，late blight，Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata and underground vermin．The
average pesticides use frequencies in commercial potato and seed potato bases were 2.28 and 4.67 times，
respectively．The average use amount of pesticides were 1.61 and 1.55 kg·hm^-2，respectively．Partial legally
prohibited pesticides were still applying，and pesticides with medium and high toxicity accounted for 17.9%．
Fertilizers used in potato production were mainly the compound ones，taking 54.55%．The average nitrogen
application amount in commercial potato and seed potato bases were 235.17 and 308.82 kg·hm^-2，the average
phosphate fertilizer applications were 129.28 and 105.81 kg·hm^-2，the average potassium fertilizer applications
were 144.83 and 214.31 kg·hm^-2，respectively．There were great differences in pesticide and fertilizer
application between various planting bases．The application times of pesticide in seed potato base were larger
than that in commercial potato base．As for the application of fertilizer，more nitrogen fertilizer was used，
neglecting the reasonable combined application of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium．

‘Zhongjiao No. 115’ is a newly bred sweet pepper F₁ hybrid developed by crossing inbred line
‘78090-3-1’ as female parent and ‘0516-Tsw’ as male parent．It is of mid-early maturity．The first floral
bud is set at 9-10th node．The matured green fruit is harvested 35 days after transplanting. The fruit is of lantern
shape with light green，smooth peel and 3-4 locules. The single typical fruit weight is 130-150 g. The fruit is
10 cm in longitudinal diameter and 7 cm in transverse diameter. It is resistant to TSWV and medium resistant to
CMV and Phytophthora capsici．It has stable and high yield，and can maintain high fruit setting rate and good
commodity even during the middle and late reproduction period．Generally it can yield about 45 t·hm^-2．It is
suitable for cultivation mainly in open fields in Southern China as early maturing variety or in greenhouse.

Tangza No.6’ is a new cucumber F₁ hybrid developed by crossing gynoecious line ‘S16’ as
female parent and inbred line ‘S26’ as male parent．It grows vigorously．The commercial fruit is of short
rod-like shape．The fruit is 12-14 cm in length and 4.0-4.3 cm in diameter．The single fruit weight is about
131.8 g．Under nonspecific condition，its female flower rate is over 95%．Its fruit is glossy green in color
with white，thin and small thorns．It is highly resistant to downy mildew，resistant to angular leaf spot，and
tolerant to powdery mildew．It can yield 120 t·hm^-2 in spring protected fields，and 97.5 t·hm^-2 in autumn and
winter protected fields．It is suitable for cultivation in protected fields in Hebei Province，Beijing，Tianjin and
Northeastern region of China in spring and autumn.

‘Xinshuai’is a new bitter gourd F₁ hybrid of early maturity developed by crossing ‘DH2301’
as female parent and ‘B198’ as male parent．The plant has strong growth vigor．And its proportion of female
flowers is high．Its fruits are grown on the main vines．The first female flower of main vine sets on 10-11th
node．Its fruit is of long rod shape．There are many round warts on the fruit surface．Its fruit peel is light
green in color．The fruit is 25-28 cm in length and 6.2-6.4 cm in width．The fruit flesh is 1.2-1.3 cm in
thickness．The single fruit weight is about 320 g．Its resistances in fields to powdery mildew，downy mildew
and Fusarium wilt are stronger than that of the contrast‘lyujian’．It has good continuous fruit setting ability．
It can yield about 52.5 t·hm^-2．It is suitable for cultivation in Hunan，Sichuan Provinces and areas with similar
ecological conditions in open fields and greenhouses in spring and autumn.

‘Lianshi No.1’ is a new Chinese cabbage variety．It is developed by taking ‘Zhongshitou’
from local farmer in Lianyungang as original species and being self-crossed，purified and bred after 4
generations．This variety has compact plant type with good uniformity．Its head is of semi-open long tube
shape．The leaf is of long obovate shape．There are deep walnut grain and sparse hair in leaf surface．
The plant is 35 cm in height with about 10 outer leaves．The head is 28-32 cm in height and 22-27 cm in
diameter．The single head weight is 3.5-4.0 kg and the net product ratio is 83%．It can yield about 70.5 t·hm^-2．
Its growing period is 90-95 days．In fields，its resistances to virus disease，downy mildew，clubroot
disease，etc．were better than that of the contrast ‘Zhongshitou’．It is suitable to be planted in autumn in
Jiangsu，Anhui，Shandong Provinces and areas with similar climate conditions．