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2022 Vol.1 Issue.8,Published 2022-08-01
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 1-6 [Abstract] ( 212 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1610KB] ( 1148 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 7-12 [Abstract] ( 214 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1476KB] ( 422 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 12-16 [Abstract] ( 172 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1688KB] ( 556 )
17 Research Progress in Vegetables Gene Editing Technology
TANG Xiao，WANG Guixiang*，LIU Fan，HAN Shuo，ZONG Mei，GUO Ning，DUAN Mengmeng Hot!
Gene editing is an emerging technology modifying biological traits by knocking out，replacing and inserting target genes．As an accurate and efficient genetic engineering method，gene editing technology has overcome the restriction of interspecific reproductive isolation on traditional breeding，influence of adverse gene linkage，and technical bottleneck of long breeding fixed number of years，etc．Therefore，it has huge application potential．This paper reviewed the development history of gene editing technology；summarized the research progress of gene editing technology in gene function and trait improvement of vegetable crops，including Solanaceae，Cruciferae，Cucurbitaceae，etc.；and discussed the difficulties and countermeasures in applying gene editing technology for different vegetable crops，so as to provide references for wide application of gene editing technology in vegetables．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 17-30 [Abstract] ( 286 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1920KB] ( 472 )
31 Application of Kitchen Waste Compost in Substrate Culture of Pakchoi
LI Qiang，YU Hongjun，AI Shuang，JIANG Weijie*
To evaluate the application effect of kitchen waste compost in soilless vegetable production，this experiment took pakchoi variety‘Jinglyu No.2’as test material；set up 4 treatments with different application ratio of kitchen waste compost and coconut coir（V/V）as 15%（T1），30%（T2），45%（T3），60%（T4）；took pure coconut coir（CK1）and coconut coir with commercial organic fertilizer（CK2）as the contrasts；and studied the effects of applying different ratio on physical and chemical properties of matrix，nutrient content，heavy metal content and growth，single plant weight and quality of pakchoi．The results showed that the bulk density and total porosity in substrate with 45%-60% kitchen waste were all within the suitable range of culture substrate，which could meet the needs of crop growth．Compared with CK1，applying kitchen waste compost had significantly increased the contents of total nitrogen，total phosphorus，total potassium，available nitrogen；and obviously enhanced the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium in substrate before planting．At the same time，each nutrient content were all increasing along with the magnified applying ratio of kitchen waste compost，while the contents of total nitrogen，total phosphorus，available nitrogen and available phosphorus were lower than those in CK2．The contents of lead，chromium and cadmium in substrates of each treatment applying kitchen waste compost were all significantly lower than those in CK1 and CK2，and were also lower than the limiting value specified by DB32/T 589—2003．The plant height，single plant fresh weight and dry weight of pakchoi were also increasing along with the enlarged applying ratio of kitchen waste compost．Those figures in T4 treatment were significantly higher than that of the other treatments，except CK2．The contents of VC and soluble sugar in T3 treatment were the highest，significantly higher than those in CK1 and CK2．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 31-35 [Abstract] ( 182 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1497KB] ( 344 )
36 Effects of Different Selenium Fertilizer on Glucosinolate and Selenium Contents of Broccoli
FAN Yue1，2，LIU Guangmin2，HUANG Wei1，HE Hongju2，DING Yunhua3*
Adopting field test method and taking broccoli cultivar‘ Naihanyouxiu’ as test material，this paper studied the effects of foliar spraying 2 selenium fertilizers with different concentrations on the contents of glucosinolate and selenium in broccoli．Among of them，the concentrations of selenium fertilizer‘Fuxibao’were set to 12.0，9.6，8.0，6.9，6.0，0（CK）mg · L-1，concentrations of the other fertilizer ‘Highconcentrated Organic-selenium Fertilizer’ were set to 2.5，2.3，2.1，1.9，1.8，0（CK）mg · L-1．The results showed that the total glucosinolate contents of broccoli treated with 6.0 mg · L-1 ‘ Fuxibao’ and 2.3 mg ·L-1 ‘ High-concentrated Organic-selenium Fertilizer’ were the highest，being 13.72 and 15.38 μmol · g-1，respectively，increased by 5.86% and 18.67% comparing with their corresponding controls．The differences had all reached a significant level．Treatments of 9.6 mg · L-1 ‘ Fuxibao’and 2.3 mg · L-1 ‘ High-concentrated Organic-selenium Fertilizer’ had obtained the highest selenium contents in broccoli，being 0.811 3 and 1.776 7 mg · kg-1，respectively，reaching 3.52 and 7.74 times of their corresponding controls，respectively．The differences were also reaching a significant level，indicating both selenium fertilizers could effectively increase the glucosinolate contents and selenium contents in broccoli．Meanwhile，the total glucosinolate contents and beneficial glucosinolate（RAA，4OH，GBC，4ME，NEO）contents of broccoli treated with 2.3 mg · L-1 ‘High-concentrated Organic-selenium Fertilizer’ were higher than that treated with 6.0 mg · L-1 ‘ Fuxibao’，
indicating 2.3 mg · L-1 ‘High-concentrated Organic-selenium Fertilizer’had better effects on improving．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 36-41 [Abstract] ( 131 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2111KB] ( 354 )
42 Development of Field Disease Grading Standard and Germplasm Screening for Black Rot in Cabbage
CHEN Guo1，2，KONG Congcong1，MA Hongxue1，DENG Siping1，JI Jialei1，3，WANG Yong1，3，ZHUANG Mu1，3，ZHANG Yangyong1，3，YANG Limei1，3，GUAN Huiming3，FANG Zhiyuan1，2，3，LYU Honghao1，3* Hot!
Black rot is the main bacterial disease affecting cabbage production．To accelerate breeding process for resistance to black rot，55 cabbage accessions were screened for black rot resistance in the field between 2020 and 2021 in Ulanqab，Inner Mongolia，China．As a result，a set of black rot disease grading standard suitable for field identification was developed，and 8 black rot resistant accessions（DI ＜ 30）were screened，including 2 highly resistant accessions ‘05-574’ and ‘20-2-5’．The establishment of this standard and the availability of resistant accessions provide a reference for accelerating the breeding of black rot resistance in cabbage．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 42-48 [Abstract] ( 243 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2319KB] ( 311 )
49 Effects of Different Light Quality of Red，Blue and Green LED on Quality of Watermelon and Muskmelon Seedlings
LI Fenghua1 ☆，JIE Yuanfen2 ☆，WU Guoxiu1，XU Qiaoqiao1，LI Yanman1，LI Yang1，ZHANG Jiazi1，LI Shengli1*
In order to explore the effects of different light quality on watermelon and muskmelon seedling quality，this experiment took watermelon variety‘Tianwang 50’and muskmelon variety‘Qingxiu No.2’ as test materials，grew them in light incubator and taking white light as the contrast（CK）．Then，the experiment analyzed the effects of combination light of R4B1，R6B1，R4B1G1 and R6B1G1 with 4 different ratio treatments on seedling growth．The results showed that comparing with the CK，combination light had promoted the growth of watermelon and muskmelon seedlings，red and blue light significantly accelerated the growth of watermelon seedlings，and red，blue and green light significantly enhanced the growth of muskmelon seedlings．The best light quality combinations for watermelon and muskmelon seedlings were R6B1 and R4B1G1，respectively．R6B1 and R4B1G1 treatments could effectively improve the morphological indexes，including plant height，stem diameter，leaf area，root system growth and matter accumulation，and physiological and biochemical indexes such as leaf photosynthetic pigment content，soluble sugar content and root system activity，etc．Those were all helpful to substance accumulation of seedlings and then achieving the effect of strong seedlings．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 49-56 [Abstract] ( 114 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2014KB] ( 353 )
57 Optimization of High Efficient Tissue Culture Regeneration System for Ornamental and Edible Dual Purpose Lily—‘ Jinghe’
QI Xianyu1 ☆，ZHANG Wenliang1，2 ☆，YANG Panpan1，XU Leifeng1*，MING Jun1*
Lily is an important high-grade vegetable and ornamental flower．It is based on scale high efficient tissue culture regeneration system which is the foundation for large-scale production and reproduction of lily bulbs．This experiment used glyphosate for the first time as differentiation-inducing agent to optimize tissue culture regeneration system taking scale as explant of lily variety ‘Jinghe’ with ornamental and edible dualpurpose．The result indicated that the optimal induction medium for‘Jinghe’scale adventitious bud was MS +1.0 mg · L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg · L-1 NAA + 2.5 mg · L-1 glyphosate + 30 g · L-1 saccharose，and the induction coefficient was 6.46，which was significantly higher than that of the conventional induction medium．The optimal subculture medium was MS + 0.5 mg · L-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg · L-1 NAA + 30 g · L-1 saccharose，and the proliferation coefficient was 4.01．The best medium for bulb expansion was MS + 90 g · L-1 saccharose．The best rooting medium was 1/2MS + 0.3 mg · L-1 NAA + 30 g · L-1 saccharose．The rooting coefficient was 23.59．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 57-62 [Abstract] ( 80 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3329KB] ( 326 )
63 Effect of Mercury Stress on Pakchoi Growth，Soil Nitrogen-fixing Microorganism Community Structure and Abundance
WANG Xiying，ZHAO Hui*，TAN Zhiyong，LU Zhihong，SONG Xijuan
Adopting pot experiment method，this paper took pakchoi cultivar‘Sijixiaobaicai’as test material；applied fluorescence quantitative PCR and Illumina MiSeq technology；and studied the effect of different concentrations mercury stress on pakchoi growth，soil nitrogen-fixing microbial nifH gene abundance，community structure and α diversity index．The results showed that low mercury concentration had accelerated the growth of pakchoi，increased the abundance of nitrogen-fixing microorganism and richness of community．While，the medium and high mercury concentration had represented inhibiting effect．On the phylum and genus level，Proteobacteria，Firmicutes，and Bradyrhizobium，Azospirillum，Geobacter，Rhizobium were dominant species．Treatment of high mercury concentration had decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria，Azospirillum，Geobacter and Rhizobium；increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bradyrhizobium．The higher the mercury concentration，the greater the influence on soil nitrogen-fixing microorganism community structure．Soil pH，ammonium nitrogen content and nitrate nitrogen content were the major factors affecting nitrogen-fixing microorganism abundance and changes in community structure．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 63-72 [Abstract] ( 100 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2048KB] ( 246 )
73 Studies on Wide Trench Narrow Ridge Cultivation Model of Protected Tomato in Southern Zhejiang Based on Integration of Agricultural Machinery and Agronomy
CHEN Xianzhi1，SU Shiwen1，LEI Dafeng2，WANG Kelei1，BAO Yuhua1，XU Jian1*
In order to improve the mechanization level and management efficiency of protected tomato in southern Zhejiang region and explore the cultivation model of integrating agricultural machinery with agronomy，this experiment changed the traditional wide ridge narrow trench cultivation model（the upper bottom width is 90 cm， lower bottom width is 110 cm，and trench width is 40 cm）to the wide trench narrow ridge cultivation model（the upper bottom width is 60 cm，lower bottom width is 80 cm，and trench width is 90 cm）；and compared the relevant indexes of tomato plant growth，yield，quality and labor used amount，etc. of these 2 models．The results showed that compared with the traditional wide ridge narrow trench model，the wide trench narrow ridge model had no significant effect on vegetative growth，single fruit weight and single plant yield of tomato，but when plant space was 35 cm the yield，high-quality fruit rate and high-quality fruit yield were all significantly higher than those of the control．There were no significant differences in contents of moisture，soluble solids，VC，total sugar，total acid and sugar-acid ratio with those of the control．The wide trench narrow ridge model could save 54.187 5 used labor amount comparing to the traditional cultivation model．In southern Zhejiang region，the wide trench narrow ridge model for protected tomato could adopt the double lines cultivation model with 35 cm plant space and 28 500 plants·hm-2，so as to improve labor efficiency
and increase yield.
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 73-77 [Abstract] ( 153 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1511KB] ( 233 )
78 A New Molecular Identification Technology for Asparagus Sex Genotypes and Screening of Its Supermale Plants
LI Lebin1，ZHANG Jingli1，FENG Guang1，SHU Jun1，LIN Zixiang1，ZHANG Jianglong2，LOU Jianying1，HUANG Wenbin1*
Garden asparagus（Asparagus officinalis L.）is a dioecious plant．It is crucial to distinguish between gender during breeding process．In order to quickly distinguish the sex（XX，XY and YY）of selfcrossing progenies of asparagus hermaphrodites at seedling stage and screen out the supermale plant（YY male plant），this experiment used the improved filter paper adsorption method（disk assemble method）to extract the genomic DNA of asparagus；and combined using the markers of aspMSE1-xy，aspTDF1-y and aspWIP2/NTT-x to distinguish 3 different sex genotypes of asparagus．The results showed that the concentration of genomic DNA extracted by filter paper disk assemble method was suitable for PCR reaction．AspMSE1-xy marker was a co-dominant marker，with 2 specific DNA fragments of 261 bp and 472 bp on the male plant（s XY，YY），and only one specific DNA fragment of 261 bp on the female plant（XX）．AspTDF1-y marker was Y chain-dominant marker with one specific DNA fragment of 472 bp on the male plants（XY，YY）．AspWIP2/NTT-x marker was an X chain-dominant marker with one specific DNA fragment of 346 bp on male plan（t XY）and female plant（XX）．Using this set of markers to distinguish the sexes of 14 single plant from 48-2 selfcrossing progenies of hermaphroditic plant，this experiment screened out 4 supermale plants.
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 78-84 [Abstract] ( 133 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2096KB] ( 222 )
85 Effects of Soil Fumigation，Microbial Agents and Combined Application of Different Fertilizers on Pepper Continuous Cropping Obstacle in Greenhouse
WANG Jinming1，DONG Kongjun2*
Through setting up 7 treatments on soil in solar greenhouse with continuous cropping obstacles including high potassium compound fertilizer + organic fertilizer + EM（FYEM），soil fumigation + EM（XEM），soil fumigation + organic fertilizer + EM（XYEM），soil fumigation + farm manure + EM（XNEM），soil fumigation + straw + EM（XJEM），blank contrast（CK1）and local traditional fertilization（CK2），this study evaluated their effects on pepper biological characters，biomass，yield，soil pH and soil-borne diseases occurrence．The results showed that FYEM treatment had better performance in pepper plant height，stem diameter and biomass，etc.，but in yield formation aspect FXEM treatment reached the highest 91 585.5 kg · hm-2，followed by FYEM treatment 88 428.0 kg · hm-2．Their yields were increased by 11.8% and 8.0% comparing with CK2，and increased by 43.8% and 38.9% comparing with CK1，respectively．The soil pH value of each treatment ranged from 8.28-8.35．The combined application of soil fumigation and microbial agents had obvious inhibitory effect on the occurrence of pepper blight．At fruit-setting stage the control efficiency of XYEM was the highest，reaching 65.17%．Comprehensive analysis indicated that adopting metham-sodium to conduct soil fumigation treatment combined applying organic fertilizer and EM agent could promote pepper growth and increase its yield．The occurrence of blight could be effectively reduced，and pepper continuous cropping barrier in greenhouse was relieved．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 85-91 [Abstract] ( 161 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1581KB] ( 389 )
92 Effects of Different Organic Ecotypes Soilless Cultivation on Substrate Characteristics and Watermelon Yield and Quality
WANG Qinli1，2，YAN Fang1，2，HUA Jun1，4，WANG Zengjun1，3，BIAN Kaiqi1，3，ZHANG Wenbin1，4，XIA Ye5*
Taking bacterial bran culture substrate as raw material and choosing 4 cultivation methods as pillow planting，flat planting，trough planting and hole planting，this paper studied the effects of different cultivation methods on physical and chemical properties of organic ecotype soilless culture substrate in desert area；and on watermelon growth，yield and quality．The results showed that after the first crop of watermelon was cultivated，the comprehensive performance of physical and chemical indexes in trough planting was optimal and watermelon yield was the highest．The sugar content in fruit center was 11.26%，but the input cost was also the highest．The one-time input before planting was 157 452.00 yuan · hm-2．The yield of watermelon in plain planting was lower than that in trough planting，but the one-time input cost was the lowest，only 34 920.00 yuan · hm-2．Therefore，when watermelon with high sugar content was choosen and under the condition of increasing bio-organic fertilizer，flat planting could be the preferred cultivation method with low cost for organic ecological soilless cultivation of watermelon in desert areas．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 92-95 [Abstract] ( 122 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1476KB] ( 306 )
96 A New Pepper F1 Hybrid —‘Qianyanyuanzhu’
LI Zhengli1，2，ZHANG Li1，2，ZHU Yipeng3，MENG Hui4，AO Wanneng5
‘Qianyanyuanzhu’is a new pepper F1 hybrid bred by crossing inbred line‘CZLB2009-8’as female parent and inbred line‘C953’as male parent．It is of medium maturity．The flowering and fruiting period is about 45 days．The plant is of semi-erect type，about 73 cm in plant height，and about 78 cm in spread width．Its fruit is of conical shape，about 2 cm in length，about 3 cm in width，and about 0.3 cm in pulp thickness．The ripe fruit is dark green in color，and old ripe fruit is bright red in color with smooth and shining peel．The fruit is compact with high hardness，and easy for harvest，storage and transportation．The VC content is 1 420 mg · kg-1，capsaicin content is 0.032 1%．Its pungency flavor is slightly strong and tastes crisp．It is suitable for making pickled pepper．The single plant fruit number is about 45．The average single fruit weight is 8.9 g．It has large quantity of seeds．It is resistant to diseases．It can yield about 18 t · hm-2 and is suitable for cultivation in Guizhou region．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 96-98 [Abstract] ( 152 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1425KB] ( 284 )
99 #br# A New Pumpkin F1 Hybrid —‘Youbei No.1’
LIU Zhihua，KUANG Bifeng，TANG Kelan，LI Jiansheng，JIANG Ke，LIAO Botong，WEN Mingying，LIU Yanghua，SUN Xiaohui
‘Youbei No.1’is a new pumpkin F1 hybrid developed by crossing inbred line‘N28’as female parent and inbred line‘N17’as male parent．It is of early maturity．The whole growth period is 85-90 days．Its female flower ratio is high and fruit-setting ability is strong．The fruit has fast expanding speed and is of oblate shape．It is 6.5-7.2 cm in diameter and 11.0-11.5 cm in transverse diameter．Its peel is dark green and flesh is orange in color．The single fruit weight is about 450 g．The fruit tastes glutinous，sweet and delicious．It is resistant to powdery mildew，fruit rot and epidemic diseases．Its carbohydrate content is 57.3 g · kg-1，and crude fiber content is 11.2 g · kg-1．It can yield about 34.5 t · hm-2．It is suitable for open field cultivation in spring and summer in Hunan Province．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 99-101 [Abstract] ( 134 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1436KB] ( 287 )
102 A New Potato Cultivar —‘Beifang 003’
LUO Yating，FENG Yan*，YIN Jiang，WANG Lei，QI Lipan，WANG Kuan，GONG Xuechen，LIU Chang，WANG Yan
‘Beifang 003’is a new fresh-eating potato variety，system selected by sexual hybridization between‘Gaoyuan No.7’as female parent and‘Jinshu No.11’as male parent．It is of medium maturity．The growth period is about 97 days．The plant is of up-right type．It has strong growth potential with less branches，white corolla，and oval shape tubers．The potato skin is yellow in color with white shallow bud eyes．The potato meat is white in color．The dry matter content is 21.93%，starch content is 16.56%，reducing sugar content is 0.64%，and crude protein content is 3.44%．The average single plant tuber number is 6.0，and single tuber weight is 119.4 g．The commodity potato rate is 77.1%．It is moderate resistant to PVX and PVY．It can yield about 37.5 t · hm-2，and is suitable for planting in Zhangjiakou and Chengde of Hebei Province．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 102-104 [Abstract] ( 145 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1420KB] ( 231 )
104 A New Red-fleshed Sweet Potato Cultivar —‘Longshu No.34’
HUANG Yanxia，GUO Qimao*，LIN Zilong，CHEN Genhui
‘Longshu No.34’is a new red-fleshed sweet potato variety bred by crossing‘Yanshu No.5’as female parent and‘Yanfen No.1’as male parent．It is of semi-erect type with short vine．The tubers is concentrated and orderly．The single plant tubers number is 5-6．Its tuber is of spindle shape，smooth and beautiful．The tuber skin and flesh are red in color．The average dry matter rate is 28.96%，and starch content is 693.0 g · kg-1，respectively．The cooked tuber tastes soft，fragrant and sweet．It is medium resistant to bacterial wilt．The ratio of large and medium tubers is 92.35%．The yield of fresh tuber is about 30 t · hm-2 and dried yield is about 9 t · hm-2．It is suitable for planting in spring，summer and autumn in Fujian region．
2022 Vol. 1 (8): 104-107 [Abstract] ( 136 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1491KB] ( 185 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 108-113 [Abstract] ( 131 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1729KB] ( 380 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 114-118 [Abstract] ( 104 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3852KB] ( 396 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 119-121 [Abstract] ( 152 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2304KB] ( 274 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 122-124 [Abstract] ( 120 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2714KB] ( 283 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 125-127 [Abstract] ( 132 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2013KB] ( 241 )
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2022 Vol. 1 (8): 128-130 [Abstract] ( 120 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1498KB] ( 294 )
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