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Current Issue
2012 Vol.1 Issue.24,
Published 2012-12-15
1
Research Progress in Genetic Transformation of
Brassica campestris
L.ssp.
chinensis
（L.）Makino var.
communis
Tsen et Lee
CHEN Ling-Xian, CUI Li-Jie, QIAN Zhong-Ying, PAN Jing-Xian, KAI Guo-Yin
Brassica campestris
L. ssp.
chinensis
（L.）Makino var.
communis
Tsen et Lee belongs to Brassica，Cruciferae and is an important leaf vegetable widely cultivated in Yangtze River basin and various southern provinces in China．It is urgently needed by production for cultivating varieties with disease-resistance，insect-resistance，stress-resistance and superior agronomic traits．Genetic transformation technology has provided a new way to solve problems in cultivating insect and disease resistant and heat tolerant varieties．This paper expounds the research progress made in regeneration system，genetic transformation methods and exogenous gene expression of
Brassica campestris
L. ssp.
chinensis
（L.）Makino var.
communis
Tsen et Lee．Agro-bacterium mediated method has become the most commonly used method for genetic transformation of Brassica rapa for its low cost，simplicity，easy operation and high transformation efficiency.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 1-6 [
Abstract
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1396
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308KB] (
807
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7
Research Progress on Basic Nutritional and Bioactive Substances of Lily
LI Yu-Fan, MING Jun, WANG Liang-Gui, YUAN Su-Xia, LIU Chun, WANG Ying, LIANG Yun, FENG Hui-Ying, XU Lei-Feng
Lily（
Lilium
spp.）is an important edible，medicinal and ornamental plant．It contains rich basic nutrients and bioactive substances．This paper summarizes the progress on studying basic nutrients and bioactive substances of some domestic lily species，including polysaccharide，steroidal saponin，phenolic compound，flavonoid，alkaloid，etc．The paper also raised the existing problems in R & D of edible and medicinal lily，and prospects the orientation of future research.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 7-13 [
Abstract
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1128
) [
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1KB] [
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370KB] (
1306
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14
Duble Crossing Test of a Yeast Alternatively Interacted on SCR，THL and SRK from
Brassica oleracea
L．
YANG Yong-Jun, ZHANG He-Cui, YANG Kun, XUE Li-Yan, CHANG Deng-Long, ZHU Li-Quan
eSRK，SCR/SP11 and THL
1
are 3 important components in self-incompatibility response of
Brassica oleracea
L．In our study，the coding sequences of
SCR
2
（class-Ⅱ），
eSRK
2
（class-Ⅱ），
THL
1
，SRKJ
（class-Ⅰ），
eSRK
28
（class-Ⅰ）of
Brassica oleracea
L. were amplified by PCR，then
SCR
2
and
THL
1
were subcloned into pGBKT7 vector，
eSRK
2
，eSRK
28
and
SRKJ
were subcloned into pGADT7 vector．After sequencing，the recombinant bait plasmids were transformed into Y2HGold yeast，the recombinant prey plasmids were transformed into Y187．The experiments indicated that the recombinant vectors did not show autonomous activation and toxicity．The experimental group Y2HGold〔pGBKT7- SCR
2
〕×Y187〔pGADT7-eSRK
2
〕could grow on SD/-Trp-Leu-His/x-α-gal/AbA nutritional media with tranion activation of the reporter genes
AUR1-C，MEL1，HIS3
，except
ADE2
gene．The experimental group Y2HGold〔pGBKT7-SCR
2
〕×Y187〔pGADT7-eSRK
28
〕could grow on SD/-Trp-Leu，but couldn’t grow on TDO/x/A and indicated that there did not exsit interaction．The experimental group Y187〔pGADT7-SRKJ〕×Y2HGold〔pGBKT7-THL
1
〕could grow on QDO/x/A nutritional media with tranion activation of the reporter genes
AUR1-C，MEL1，HIS3，ADE2
．There was the interaction between the same haploids SRK and SCK，but the different haploids couldn’t have that．Differences of the repoter genes expression in number and type may reflect the interaction intensity between class-ⅡSCR-SRK and class-ⅠSCR-SRK．It is clear that the interaction between class-ⅠeSRK and SCR is stronger than class-ⅡeSRK and SCR，and the interaction intensity between THL and SRK is strong．All above mentioned facts have provided some insights into the molecular mechanism of interaction．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 14-26 [
Abstract
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1140
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2225KB] (
1024
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27
Systematic Development Analysis of
Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus
and Multiplex PCR Rapid Detection
XUE Dong-Qi, LI Jing-Fu, XU Xiang-Yang, JIANG Jing-Bin
Sequence alignment analysis was conducted on domestic
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
（TYLCV）by DNA-A genomic sequence．The result of nucleotide sequence blast showed that the complete nucleotide sequence of various China isolates shared high identity from each other．Phylogenetic relationship analysis of TYLCV full genomic and coat protein nucleotide and amino acid sequence reveals that the middle eastern and coastal tomato production regions of China were infected by TYLCV-IL isolates．The Western inland areas and Southwestern inland areas were infected by TYLCCNV isolates．Gene polymorphism analysis showed that TYLCV had a strong conservative evolution，and the distribution of nucleotide mutations（Pi）on the chromosome with high polymorphism．Therefore，according to strict conservative region of TYLCV，3 pairs of specific primers were designed，and a high sensitive，high efficient and with high specificity multiplex PCR detection method of TYLCV was etablished.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 27-35 [
Abstract
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1090
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1335KB] (
939
)
36
Analysis of
Brassica campestris
L.ssp.
chinensis
（L.）Makino var.
tai-tsai
Hort Karyotype
SONG Ting-Yu, HAN Wen-Yan, WU Chun-Yan, SONG Shu-Yao, HE Qi-Wei
The chromosome number and kapyotype analysis of Tai-tsai〔
Brassica campestris
L. ssp.
chinensis
（L.）Makino var.
tai-tsai
Hort〕were studied by using root-tip squashing method in order to obtain accurate cytogenetic information．The results showed that the chromosome number of Tai-tsai diploids is 2
n
=20，and its karyotype formula is K（2
n
）=2X=20=7M+2T+St，the composition of relative length of chromosome is 2
n
=20=2L+4M2+4S，and the chromosome karyotype was 2A．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 36-38 [
Abstract
] (
803
) [
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1KB] [
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319KB] (
624
)
39
Analysis of Tomato Germplasm Phylogenetic Relationship Using SSR Markers
QIU Man-Yu, ZHANG Su-Ping, GUO Shuang, LI Bo-Shou, LIU Yu-Ping
25 SSR primers were used to study the genetic diversities among 20 accesions of tomato（
Lycopersicon esculentum
Mill.）germplasm resources detected from 66 bands．There were 52 bands which had polymorphism，and the polymorphism rate was 78.8%．The results of genetic distance analysis showed that the genetic distance of 20 tomato materials were 1.489 2-9.180 6．There were 18 tomato materials which the genetic distance was more than 7，No.1 and No.15 had the largest genetic distance．That was 9.180 6．The result of cluster analysis showed that 20 tomato germplasm resources could be classified into 4 groups.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 39-42 [
Abstract
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1212
) [
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1KB] [
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324KB] (
785
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43
Changes of Endogenous Hormone Contents during
in vitro
Regeneration of Adventitious Bud of
Cucumis melo
L. Inbred Line
ZHANG Hui-Jun, LUAN Fei-Shi, WANG Xue-Zheng, GAO Peng, NIU Ming-Ming
Taking cotyledonary nodes collected from melon（
Cucumis melo
L.）as experimental materials，this study tested the changes of hormones contents during in vitro regeneration of adventitious buds．The results indicated that the contents of ZR，IAA，ABA and GA3 culture were higher during the early stage of inoculation，and the ZR contents were higher at the stage of cell vigorous division and bud primordium formation，while the IAA contents were lower．Compared with lines with different regeneration capacity，the level of ZR/ABA of easy regeneration line was higher，while the IAA/ZR kept at a lower level，indicating adventitious bud formation from cotyledonary node of melon was closely associated with the contents of endogenous hormone.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 43-47 [
Abstract
] (
992
) [
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1KB] [
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587KB] (
600
)
48
Effects of Supplemental Lighting with LED Light Quality on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Cucumber Seedlings
SU Na-Na, WU Qi, CUI Jin
The effects of light spectral energy distribution of light emitting diode （LED） on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber（
Cucumis sativus
L.）seedlings were studied．The light emitting diodes with different light qualities（red light，blue light，UV-B light and red/blue 1∶1 light）were used as 4 h supplemental lighting，taking none supplemental lighting treatment as the contrast．The experimental results showed that compared with none supplemental lighting treatment，the different 4 h supplemental lighting quality treatments affected the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber seedlings significantly in different ways．UV-B treatment increased the contents of Chl a，Chl b and caroteniod in unit fresh mass，but reduced the value of Fv/Fm significantly．Red treatment increased the leaf number，leaf area，plant height，fresh and dry weight，the health index，root activity，SOD activity and soluble protein content significantly．Overall，red light is more beneficial for culturing cucumber seedlings，and is suitable to be used as supplementary light quality for cucumber seedling cultivation．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 48-54 [
Abstract
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1465
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1KB] [
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691KB] (
849
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55
Differences of Chrome Absorption and Physiological Responses of Different Genotypic Pakchoi to Chrome Stress
吕Jin-Yin , QI Jun, WANG Shuai, LI Ying-Xiang, SUN Hui-Li
The absorption of chrome and activities of antioxidant enzymes in 6 pakchoi varieties were studied with different concentrations of Cr
3+
．The results showed that there were differences in chrome absorption and antioxidant enzyme activities among different genotypic pakchois．The biomass decreased along with the increase of Cr
3+
concentration. Under 250 mg•kg
-1
Cr
3+
treatment，the Cr transfer rates in‘Aikangqing’and‘Jimaocai’were 0.19 and 0.18，which were lower than‘Lyuxiu’（0.28）compared to the control，because of Cr absorption in root was larger than in upper part．The activities of SOD、POD and CAT in leaves of‘Aikangqing’，‘Huangxincai’and‘Jimaocai’increased vigrousely than the control，which were higher than‘Lyuxiu’，‘Wuyueman’and‘Qibaoqing’．Generally speaking，‘Aikangqing’and‘Jimaocai’have a lower chrome absorption and higher antioxidant enzyme activity.‘Aikangqing’and‘Jimaocai’were pakchois of low chrome accumulation.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 55-61 [
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986
) [
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1KB] [
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719KB] (
565
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62
Effects of Single-root-grafting and Double-root-grafting on Cucumber Rhizosphere Soil Microorganism and Enzyme Activity
XIE Yuan-Feng, TIAN Yong-Qiang, LI Shuo, YAO Kai-Qian, MA Zhi-Ming, YANG Ya-Ting, GAO Li-Hong-?
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of self-root-grafting（as control），single-root-grafting and double-root-grafting on cucumber yield，rhizosphere microorganism population and enzyme activities in spring and autumn seasons．The results showed that both single-root-grafting and double-root-grafting could significantly increase cucumber yield，populations of soil bacteriam and actinomycetes，decrease the population of fungi and
Fusarium oxysporum
（cucumber pathogen）．The single-root-grafting significantly decreased the population of
Fusarium oxysporum
and increased the population of actinomycetes than the double-root-grafting．The order of rhizosphere soil urease，neutral phosphatase，invertase and catalase activity of cucumber produced in autumn were double-root-grafting > single-root-grafting > self-root-grafting（control）．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 62-68 [
Abstract
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1104
) [
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1KB] [
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561KB] (
673
)
69
Effects of Nutrient Solution Renewal Frequency on Yield and Quality of Lettuce in Soilless Culture
LI Jia-Jia, SONG Shi-Wei, CHEN Ri-Yuan, LIU Hou-Cheng, SUN Guang-Wen
Through monitoring the pH and EC（electrical conductivity）value of nutrient solution，effects of 3 different renewal frequencies——F10，F15，F30（i. e. the renewal frequencies were 10 days，15 days and 30 days，respectively）of the nutrient solution on the yield and quality of lettuce（
Lactuca sativa
L.）in soilless culture were studied．The results showed that compared with F10 treatment, no significant variation existed among F15，F30 treatments in terms of aboveground fresh weight，leaf number and other morphological characters，and in contents of soluble protein，VC．The contents of nitrate and soluble sugar were lower in F15 and F30 treatments．The contents of soluble sugar in F15 and F30 were increased．The F30 treatment was better than that of F15．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 69-72 [
Abstract
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1164
) [
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1KB] [
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330KB] (
703
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73
Effects of Different Nutrient Solutions on Growth and Yield of Cherry Tomato under Negative Pressure Water Irrigation Device in Green House
MAO Si-Shuai, HU Yue-Gao, XUE Xu-Zhang, WU Xin-Yan, ZHANG Fang, CHEN Fei
A negative pressure water irrigation device was used to supply nutrient solution directly for cherry tomato（
Lycopersicon esculentum
var.
cerasiforme
）．Setting water supply tension to control stable soil moisture regime，different nutrient solutions formulae with different potassium dihydrogen phosphate（KH
2
PO
4
）concentrations were designed to make cherry tomato substrate cultivation．Effects of nutrient solutions with different potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentrations on plant height，stem diameter，yield，water and fertilizer use efficiency and root activity of cherry tomato were investigated．The results indicated that under the condition of negative water supplying and controlling device，as the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in nutrient solution increased，the plant height，stem diameter of cherry tomato increased，the effects were significant．The fruit yield，water use efficiency，N and K utilization efficiency and root activity were increased at the same time．For cherry tomato production under solutions from negative pressure water irrigation device，340 mg•L
-1
KH
2
PO
4
concentration can be considered as suggested application rate in solutions.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 73-79 [
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1349
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623KB] (
664
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80
Relationship between Size of Root Knot and Quantity of Different Instars of
Meloidogyne Incognita
in Cucumber
WANG Yu-Ling, LIU Qi-Zhi, ZHOU Hai-Ying, LI Na, WANG Li, TIAN Ya-Ting
Taking cucumber（
Cucumis sativus
L.）‘Qianqiu No. 1’as material and by room experimental method，according the size of root knots caused by root knot nematode（
Meloidogyne incognita
），this study caculated the stage and nematode numbers，and found out the relationship between them．The results showed that in solar greenhouse，there were 2-3 adults within the root knots of 2-3 mm diameter size in cucumber root system and almost each knot in this size had one egg mass．Within each larger size（over 4 mm in diameter）root knot，there were 1-5 2nd instar individuals and 2-8 egg masses．Within the knots of 16-20 mm long diameter size，42 individuals knot of adults on average could be found．After the 2nd instar root knot nematodes were inoculated into‘Qianqiu No. 1’cucumber for 45 days（inoculation rate：120 per plant），there were larger size eggs（over 5 mm in diameter），which could averagely hatch 807 individuals of 2nd instar．Larger amount individuals appeared on the 3rd and 7th hatching days．In cucumber growing fields，the quantity and occurring period of root-knot nematode can be predicted according to diameter sizes and stages，and the root knot nematode controlling time should be no later than the root knot in 5 mm diameter．In laboratories，the higher amount of the 2nd instar nematode could be obtained on the 3rd and 7th hatching days 45 days after inoculation in cucumber growing soil．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 80-85 [
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1070
) [
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1KB] [
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551KB] (
604
)
86
Effects of Herba Asari Extracts on Eggplant
Verticillium dahliae
，Its Growth and Resistance Physiological Indexes
ZHOU Bao-Li, JIANG Chun-Yun, CHEN Zhi-Xia, LI Teng-Fei, SONG Yan
The effects of different
Herba
asari extracts concentrations on eggplant disease resistance to
Verticillium dahliae
，seedling growth and activities of defense enzymes were investigated by inoculating
Verticillium dahliae
．The results showed that the disease incidence and disease index of eggplant
Verticillium dahliae
were both decreased after applying
Herba
asari extracts of different concentrations compared with the contrast．With the increase of concentration，eggplant
Verticillium dahliae
resistance increased firstly and then slightly decreased，and yet the preventive treatment effect was better than cure treatment．The best controlling effect（86.26%）was found when the concentration reached 4 g•L
-1
. Eggplant stem height，stem diameter，fresh weight，relativee electricity conductivity，chlorophyll content，root system vigor and activities of defense enzymes（PAL，POD and SOD）were all promoted by different concentrations of
Herba
asari extracts．The concentration of 4 g•L
-1
could gain the best effect.
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 86-91 [
Abstract
] (
906
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
309KB] (
504
)
92
Risk Evaluation of Strawberry Pesticide Residue Based on Food Safety Index Method in Cixi City
WANG Dong-Qun, MA Jin-Jin, HU Yin-Xia, WU Hua-Xin
In order to investigate the situation of pesticide residues in strawberry in Cixi city，Zhejiang Province，residues of 25 pesticides in strawberry collected from 17 strawberry samples and 17 greenhouse of farmer households were tested and analyzed by using GC/μ-ECD and FPD．The results showed that the detectable rate of pesticide was 16.0%，detectable rate of samples was 94.1%．Both exceeding tolerance rate was 0．Judging from the safety indexes，safety was not a certain risk，and judging from the risk coefficient，the 25 pesticides were all in low risk status．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 92-95 [
Abstract
] (
954
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
229KB] (
649
)
96
A New Mid-maturity Chinese Cabbage F1 Hybrid —‘Jingqiu No. 70’
ZHANG Feng-Lan, ZHANG De-Shuang, YU Yang-Jun, XU Jia-Bing, ZHAO Xiu-Yun, YU Shuan-Cang, WANG Wei-Hong, LU Gui-Xiang
‘Jingqiu No. 70’is a Chinese cabbage F
1
hybrid of middle maturity．It can be harvested in 70-75 days after sowing．The plant is 38.1 cm in height and 67.8 cm in width．Its leaf is green and stem is white．Its head is 30.0 cm in height，16.9 cm in diameter and 1.8 in head shape index．The head is compact．The net vegetable rate is 75%．The average single head weight is about 3.3 kg．Its yield is about 75-90 t•hm
-2
．It is resistant to virus disease，downy mildew and black rot．It is suitable to be cultivated in Beijing，northeast part of Hebei，east part of Shandong，Heilongjiang，Jilin and Inner Mongolia．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 96-98 [
Abstract
] (
933
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
224KB] (
570
)
99
A New Eggplant F1 Hybrid —‘Minqie No. 5’
CHEN Ji-Bing, LIN Feng, LIN Wen
‘Minqie No. 5’is a new eggplant F
1
hybrid developed by crossing self lines 06-29 and 06-13．It grows vigorously and has middle-late maturity．Its fruit is 34.3 cm in length and 3.6 cm in diameter．Its fruit is purple-red in color．The single average fruit weight is about 165 g．The flesh is white and tender．It is higher resistant to verticillium wilt than the contrast‘Nongyou 704’．It can yield about 60 t•hm
-2
．It is suitable to be cultivated in Fujian Province．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 99-100 [
Abstract
] (
959
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
151KB] (
517
)
101
A New Hot Pepper F
1
Hybrid of Large Fruit Type —‘Zhoujiao 201’
QIAN Jian-Kang, HUANG Qian, TIAN Wei, WANG Feng-Zhen, LIU Jie
‘Zhoujiao 201’is new hot pepper F
1
hybrid of large fruit type developed by crossing P0521 as female parent and SP0598 as male parent．The plants has middle growth vigor．The plant is 56.75 cm in height，62.30 cm in width．The first flowering node number is 8.08．Its fruit is 15.25 cm in diameter，4.7 cm in width．The single fruit weight is about 86.97 g．The fruit is of cow horn shape．The matured fruit color is green with shining surface．Its fruit is even shaped and has good commodity．It matures early and has continuous fruit setting ability．Its resistance to epidemic，anthracnose and virus diseases is equivalent to the contrast‘Moxiu 301’．It can yield about 52.5 t•hm
-2
．It is suitable to be cultivated in protected，open fields and planted after autumn in areas around Henan Province．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 101-103 [
Abstract
] (
970
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
201KB] (
539
)
104
A New Mini Watermelon Cultivar F
1
Hybrid —‘Huangjing’
GU Wei-Hong, YANG Hong-Juan, SONG Rong-Hao, CHEN Yuan-Dong, MA Kun
‘Huangjing’is a new mini watermelon F
1
hybrid cultivar developed by crossing inbred line WY1-21 as female parent and WY3-7 as male parent．It has strong growth vigor．It is easy to set fruit and the fruit is growing fast．It takes about 28 days from flowering to fruit maturing．The single fruit weight is 2.0-3.0 kg．Its fruit is of ellipse shape with yellow skin and dark yellow fine thread．Its flesh is golden yellow in color with good quality．Its fruit is tender and crispy and tolerant to transportation．It can yield about 30 t•hm
-2
．It is suitable for cultivation in spring and autumn in large or medium shelter．
2012 Vol. 1 (24): 104-106 [
Abstract
] (
898
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
187KB] (
539
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