Abstract：In order to explore the possibility of predicting pepper yield heterosis based on SNP marker
molecular genetic distance，and realizing early prediction of pepper heterosis and screening strong heterosis
combinations，this paper took 12 pepper inbred lines as parents，and compared the relationship between
molecular genetic distance and yield heterosis based on genome-wide SNP markers by 2 methods of individual
analysis and grouping analysis．Eight inbred lines from 12 inbred lines were chosen at random in individual
analysis．It was found that there were irregular changes between genetic distance and yield heterosis．62.5%
of the inbred lines were accorded with the rule of the farther the genetic distance was，the stronger the heterosis
was．In grouping analysis，it was found that along with the increase of genetic distance，the heterosis value
showed an upward trend on the whole，indicating the bigger the genetic distance between pepper parents，the
greater possibility of obtaining high yield and strong heterosis combination．The genetic distance based on SNP
markers could be used to predict the heterosis of their offspring．
